Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights
Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights is an American nonprofit human rights advocacy organization. It was named after United States Senator Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, a few months after his assassination. The organization of leading attorneys, advocates, entrepreneurs and writers is dedicated to a more just and peaceful world, working alongside local activists to ensure lasting positive change in governments and corporations. It also promotes human rights advocacy through its [|RFK Human Rights Award], and supports investigative journalists and authors through the [|RFK Book and Journalism Awards]. It is based in New York and Washington, D.C.
History
The Robert F. Kennedy Memorial was originally established as a non-profit organization in Washington, D.C., in October, 1968. The Kennedy family and friends looked to memorialize Robert Kennedy's public service following his assassination on June 5, 1968, in Los Angeles, California. Fred Dutton, a long-time friend and Kennedy ally, was named executive director, and Peter B. Edelman, a member of Kennedy's senatorial staff, became associate director. The chairman of the executive committee was former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara.The Memorial was announced during a press conference at Hickory Hill in McLean, Virginia, on Tuesday, October 29, 1968. Kennedy's brother Ted led the press conference, stating that the organization would be a "living memorial" that would work in areas of poverty, crime, and education in America. He went on to say the Memorial would be "an action-oriented program that we think will carry on his concerns, his actions, his efforts to work on so many of the problems in this country that have no solutions". He was joined at the press conference by his sisters, Patricia Kennedy Lawford and Jean Kennedy Smith, as well as dozens of Kennedy family friends and aides.
Kennedy's widow Ethel Kennedy did not attend the press conference, but was nearby, in a second-floor bedroom of Hickory Hill on doctor's orders, awaiting the birth of her eleventh child. She issued a statement saying it was the hope of her husband's family and friends that the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial would carry forward the ideals he worked for during his lifetime: "He wanted to encourage the young people and to help the disadvantaged and discriminated against both here and abroad, and he wanted to promote peace in the world. These will be the goals of the memorial."
The memorial and other projects started in Kennedy's memory were later collectively renamed Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights.
Awards
Human Rights Award
The Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award was created by Kathleen Kennedy Townsend in 1984 to honor individuals around the world who show courage and have made a significant contribution to human rights in their country.In addition to receiving a financial award, laureates work with the organization on human rights-related projects. Since 1984, awards have been given to 43 individuals and organizations from 25 different countries. The 2009 award was presented by President Barack Obama. In 2009, the RFK Human Rights began a partnership with the California International Law Center at the University of California, Davis School of Law focusing on the crisis in Darfur.
Laureates
- 2018 – Color of Change, March For Our Lives and International Indigenous Youth Council,
- 2017 –,
- 2016 – Just Leadership USA and Andrea C. James,
- 2015 – Natalia Taubina,
- 2014 – Adilur Rahman Khan, Bangladesh
- 2013 – Ragia Omran,
- 2012 – Librada Paz,
- 2011 – Frank Mugisha,
- 2010 – Abel Barrera Hernández,
- 2009 – Magodonga Mahlangu & Women Of Zimbabwe Arise,
- 2008 – Aminatou Haidar,
- 2007 – Mohammed Ahmed Abdallah,
- 2006 – Sonia Pierre,
- 2005 – Stephen Bradberry, New Orleans, Louisiana,
- 2004 – Delphine Djiraibe,
- 2003 – Coalition of Immokalee Workers,
- 2002 – Loune Viaud,
- 2001 – Darci Frigo,
- 2000 – Martin Macwan,
- 1999 – Archbishop Michael Kpakala Francis,
- 1998 – Berenice Celeyta, Gloria Florez and Jaime Prieto,
- 1997 – Sezgin Tanrikulu and Senal Sarihan,
- 1996 – Nguyen Dan Que, and Anonymous,
- 1995 – Kailash Satyarthi,, and Doan Viet Hoat,
- 1994 – Wei Jingsheng and Ren Wanding,
- 1993 – Bambang Widjojanto,
- 1992 – Chakufwa Chihana,
- 1991 – Raji Sourani, and Avigdor Feldman,
- 1990 – Amilcar Mendez Urizar,
- 1989 – Fang Lizhi,
- 1988 – Gibson Kamau Kuria
- 1987 – Kim Keun Tae and In Jae Keun,
- 1986 – Zbigniew Bujak and Adam Michnik,
- 1985 – Allan Boesak, Beyers Naude and Winnie Mandela,
- 1984 – CoMadres,
Winners
- 2016 – ' by David Maraniss
- 2015 – The Crusades of Cesar Chavez by Miriam Pawel
- 2014 – The Great Dissent by Thomas Healy and special recognition to March: Book One by John Lewis, Andrew Aydin, and Nate Powell
- 2013 – The Price of Inequality by Joseph Stiglitz
- 2012 – The Justice Cascade by Kathryn Sikkink
- 2011 – The Big Short by Michael Lewis
- 2010 – Ordinary Injustice by Amy Bach
- 2009 – The Dark Side by Jane Mayer
- 2008 – Going Down Jericho Road by Michael Honey
- 2007 – The Great Deluge by Douglas Brinkley
- 2006 – Mirror to America by John Hope Franklin
- 2005 – Perilous Times by Jeffrey Stone and We Are All the Same by Jim Wooten
- 2004 – Ultimate Punishment by Scott Turow
- 2003 – At the Hands of Persons Unknown by Philip Dray and A Problem from Hell by Samantha Power
- 2002 – American Patriots by Gail Buckley
- 2001 – Without Sanctuary by James Allen and Blood of the Liberals by George Packer
- 2000 – ' by Anthony Sampson and No Shame in My Game by Katherine Newman
- 1999 – Walking with the Wind by John Lewis and Michael D'Orso
- 1998 – Race, Crime and the Law by Randall Kennedy and The Soldiers' Tale by Samuel Hynes
- 1997 – Worse Than Slavery by David M. Oshinsky
- 1996 – Circumstantial Evidence: Death, Life, and Justice in a Southern Town by Pete Earley and The Politics of Rage: George Wallace, the Origins of the New Conservatism, and the Transformation of American Politics by Dan T. Carter
- 1995 – Speak Now Against the Day by John Egerton
- 1994 – Taming the Storm: The Life and Times of Judge Frank M. Johnson, Jr., and the South's Fight Over Civil Rights by Jack Bass and special recognition to Herbert Block for Herblock: A Cartoonist's Life
- 1993 – by Vice President Al Gore
- 1992 – Praying for Sheetrock by Melissa Fay Greene
- 1991 – The Long Haul by Myles Horton and Herbert and Judith Kohl and The Burning Season: The Murder of Chico Mendes and the Fight for the Amazon Rain Forest by Andrew Revkin
- 1990 – Among Schoolchildren by Tracy Kidder and Big Sugar by Alec Wilkinson
- 1989 – A Bright Shining Lie by Neil Sheehan and Rachel and Her Children by Jonathan Kozol
- 1988 – Beloved by Toni Morrison and Song in a Weary Throat by Pauli Murray
- 1987 – Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, by David J. Garrow
- 1986 – Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families by J. Anthony Lukas and Reaping the Whirlwind: The Civil Rights Movement in Tuskegee by Robert Norrell
- 1984 – Children of War by Roger Rosenblatt
- 1983 – Let the Trumpet Sound: The Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. by Stephen B. Oates
- 1982 – The Child Savers by Peter S. Prescott
- 1981 – Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, North Carolina, and the Black Struggle for Freedom by William Chafe
Journalism Award
Led by a committee of six independent journalists, the Awards are judged by more than fifty journalists each year. Previous winners include World News anchor Diane Sawyer.