Rector Magnificus of the University of Santo Tomas


The Rector Magnificus of the University of Santo Tomas is the highest-ranking officer and chief administrator of the University of Santo Tomas, the oldest and the largest Catholic university in Manila, Philippines. The rector typically sits as chief executive and chair of the university board of trustees. He exercises policy-making as well as general academic, managerial, and religious functions over all university academic and non-academic staff. His term lasts for four years and he is qualified for re-election for two or more terms.
In theory, the highest official of the University is the Chancellor, but his role is largely ceremonial and he does not exercise authority over the day-to-day operations of the University. The current Master of the Order of Preachers is the ex officio Chancellor of the University and the Head of the Dominican Province in the Philippines serves as his de facto vice.
The incumbent rector is the Rev. Richard Ang, O.P.

Selection process

Eligibility

Since the establishment of UST in 1611, in order to serve as Rector Magnificus of the University, one must be:

Early years

During the early years of UST, the selection of new rector took place during the elective chapters meetings which were formally assembled in every two years. These board meetings were constituted by the different superiors of the Dominican houses throughout the Philippines. Among themselves, the heads of the Dominican convents then nominate their three candidates. The list of three candidates selected for rectorship is called a ternia. The ternia shall be then conveyed to the Master General in Rome for his approval once the provincial chapter has generated the list of nominees.
The pontification of the rector magnificus during the eighteenth century was coded by the statute similar to that being used at the University of Mexico during that time.

Current method

Nowadays, a new rector is being selected by process of election. The outset of the election is the selection of three candidates for rectorship through a secret balloting among the members of Saint Thomas Aquinas Priory in UST. The group shall then communicate with the Vice-Grand Chancellor the list of candidates they had selected. Also the prior of the Dominicans in the Philippines, the Vice-Grand Chancellor will pass the list to the Academic Senate and to the Board of Trustees. Through this process, rank of preference for the candidates is being determined with their credentials and eligibility being evaluated.
The Board of Trustees will then present decision and recommendations to the Vice-Grand Chancellor for dissemination to the Roman Curia, headed by the Master General. A candidate will be designated by the Master General, who requests the Congregation for Catholic Education in the Vatican City for the required confirmatio and, eventually, for the final approval of the nomination.
Once nothing impedes the nomination, a pertinent rescript is issued by the Congregation for Catholic Education. This document is sent to the Master General of the Order of Preachers, who communicates the act to the competent authorities of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas.
This custom of electing rectors, which usually takes three to four months, was observed when UST was bestowed the title of "Pontifical University". This election method was first implemented as Fr. Manuel Arellano, O.P. was elected rector of the University in 1923.

Tenure

Although records show that tenures lasted two years during the 1600s to the 1800s, the term of office for the University's rector magnificus is four years. He is eligible for re-election for two or more terms.

Vacancy

Vacancies in the office of the rector may arise under several possible circumstances: death and resignation.
As stated in Article 11 of the General Statutes of UST, an acting assignment applies to a vacant position by which the Vice-Rector of the University de facto assumes the acting post until the duly appointment of a new rector magnificus.

Regalia

Collar

The collar of the rector signifies the joint powers of the Holy See and the Philippine Government, which collaborate to sustain this historic University. It is also symbolic of the supreme teaching authority of the rector as a professor of the University. The collar was first used during the installation of the first Filipino rector, Archbishop Leonardo Legaspi, O.P., S.Th.D., in 1971.

Maces

The two maces symbolize the spiritual and temporal powers of the Rector Magnificus as the highest authority of the University. Made of pure silver and measuring 95 x 15 centimetres in diameter, the maces have existed since the 17th century and has been used in academic processions ever since. Candidates for doctoral degrees were accompanied by the Rector in a parade called Paseo de los Doctores from Intramuros to Santo Domingo Church, where University commencement exercises were held until the 17th century.
Today, members of the Academic Senate hold processions at the opening of each academic year and during solemn investitures in academic gowns, following the style of Spanish academic regalia. The maces are borne by bedeles and are included in the parade for their academic symbolism.

List of ''rectores magnifici''

Since its foundation in 1611, the University of Santo Tomas has been under the leadership of 110 rectors including acting rectors and double term service. Thirteen of which are rectors prior to its conversion to university status in 1645, and the remaining 97 are university rectors.
Fr. Domingo González, O.P. was the first college rector while Fr. Martin Real de la Cruz, O.P. served as the first university rector and chancellor. The university had acting rectors, whose service lasted for at least one academic year, have been appointed as rector magnificus afterwards, namely: Fr. Francisco Gómez, Fr. Juan Álvarez, Fr. Eugenio Jordan, and Fr. Rolando de la Rosa.
The rector who served the longest term, but not necessarily consecutively, was also the first rector of the then Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario, Fr. Domingo González, O.P. He served for four terms, for a total of 15 years. The second longest term, though not consecutively, was held by Fr. Rolando de la Rosa, O.P. who served from 1990 to 1998, and from 2007 to 2012 for a total of 13 years. Meanwhile, it was Fr. Francisco Ayala, O.P. who served the longest consecutive term, his rectorship having lasted for 12 years, from 1829 to 1841.
; Color key:
#OrderTermName
111612–1616Fr. Domingo González, O.P.
221616–1617Fr. Lorenzo de Porras, O.P.
331617–1619Fr. Antonio Gutierrez, O.P.
441619–1621Fr. Baltasar Fort, O.P.
551621–1625Fr. Tomás de Villar, O.P.
661625–1626Fr. Lucas García, O.P.
771626–1633Fr. Domingo Gonzáles, O.P.
881633–1637Fr. Francisco de Herrera, O.P.
991637–1639Fr. Francisco de Paula, O.P.
10101639–1641Fr. Domingo González, O.P.
11111641–1643Fr. Lucas Ruiz de Montanero, O.P.
12121643–1645Fr. Domingo González, O.P.
13131645–1646Fr. Francisco de Paula, O.P.

#OrderTermName
——1646–1648Fr. Francisco de Paula, O.P.
1411648–1650Fr. Martin Real de la Cruz, O.P.
1521650–1652Fr. Jeronimo de Zamora, O.P.
1631652–1654Fr. Felipe Pardo, O.P.
——1654–1656Fr. Felipe Pardo, O.P.
1741656–1657Fr. Francisco de Paula, O.P.
1851657–1659Fr. Pedro de la Fuente, O.P.
1961659–1661Fr. Andrés de Haro, O.P.
2071661–1663Fr. Juan de los Angeles, O.P.
2181663–1665Fr. Francisco Sánchez, O.P.
2291665–1667Fr. Diego de San Roman, O.P.
——1667–1669Fr. Diego de San Roman, O.P.
23101669–1671Fr. Juan de Paz, O.P.
——1671–1673Fr. Juan de Paz, O.P.
24111673–1675Fr. Baltasar de Santa Cruz, O.P.
——1675–1677Fr. Baltasar de Santa Cruz, O.P.
25121677–1678Fr. Juan de Paz, O.P.
26131678–1680Fr. Manuel de Mercadillo, O.P.
——1680–1682Fr. Manuel de Mercadillo, O.P.
27141682–1684Fr. Juan de Santa Maria, O.P.
28151684–1686Fr. Bartolome Marron, O.P.
29161686–1690Fr. Raimundo Berart, O.P.
——1690–1692Fr. Raimundo Berart, O.P.
30171692–1694Fr. José Vila, O.P.
——1694–1696Fr. José Vila, O.P.
31181696–1698Fr. Bartolome Marron, O.P.
——1698–1700Fr. Bartolome Marron, O.P.
32191700–1702Fr. Juan Ibañez, O.P.
33201702–1706Fr. Juan de Santa Maria, O.P.
34211706–1710Fr. Pedro Mejorada, O.P.
35221710–1713Fr. Francisco Ruiz, O.P.
36231713Fr. Francisco Gomez, O.P.^
——1714–1716Fr. Francisco Gomez, O.P.
37241716–1718Fr. Francisco Barrera, O.P.
38251718–1721Fr. Cristobal Alonso, O.P.
39261721Fr. Juan Alvarez, O.P.^
——1722–1723Fr. Juan Alvarez, O.P.
40271723–1725Fr. Antonio Varela, O.P.
41281725–1727Fr. Antonio Argollanes, O.P.
42291727–1729Fr. Cristobal Alonso, O.P.
43301729–1733Fr. José Perez, O.P.
44311733–1735Fr. Tomas Canduela, O.P.
45321735–1737Fr. Juan de Arechederra, O.P.
46331737–1740Fr. Diego Saenz, O.P.
47341741–1743Fr. Vicente de Salazar, O.P.
48351743–1745Fr. Juan de Arechederra, O.P.
49361745–1747Fr. Antonio Lavarias, O.P.^
50371747–1751Fr. Bernardo Ustariz, O.P.
51381751–1753Fr. Juan Alvarez, O.P.
52391753–1755Fr. Francisco Carriedo, O.P.
53401755–1757Fr. Francisco Quintana, O.P.
54411757–1759Fr. Antonio Calonge, O.P.
55421759–1763Fr. Diego Serrano, O.P.
56431763–1765Fr. Joaquin del Rosario, O.P.
57441765–1767Fr. Miguel Garcia, O.P.
58451767–1769Fr. Lorenzo Sarroca, O.P.^
59461769–1773Fr. Joaquin del Rosario, O.P.
60471774–1777Fr. Juan Fernandez, O.P.
61481777–1785Fr. Domingo Collantes, O.P.
62491786Fr. José Muñoz, O.P.
63501786–1789Fr. Pedro Martir Fernandez, O.P.^
64511789–1794Fr. Nicolas Cora, O.P.
65521794–1798Fr. Domingo Bruno, O.P.
66531798–1800Fr. Antonio Robles, O.P.
67541800–1803Fr. Francisco Genoves, O.P.
68551806–1810Fr. José Burrillo, O.P.
69561810–1817Fr. Francisco Alban, O.P.
70571817–1825Fr. Carlos Abrea, O.P.
71581825–1826Fr. Francisco Genoves, O.P.
72591826–1828Fr. Carlos Abrea, O.P.
73601828–1829Fr. Francisco de Sales Mora, O.P.
74611829–1841Fr. Francisco Ayala, O.P.
75621842–1845Fr. Vicente Ayala, O.P.
76631845–1847Fr. Juan Ferrando, O.P.
77641847–1849Fr. Josae Fuix, O.P.
78651849–1851Fr. Vicente Ayala, O.P.
79661851–1855Fr. Juan Bautista Reig, O.P.
80671855–1863Fr. Domingo Treserra, O.P.
81681863–1867Fr. Francisco Rivas, O.P.
82691867–1874Fr. Domingo Treserra, O.P.
83701874–1878Fr. Benio Corominas, O.P.
84711878–1880Fr., O.P.
85721880–1881Fr. Pedro Marcos, O.P.
86731881–1890Fr. Gregorio Echevarria, O.P.
87741890–1894Fr. Matias Gomez, O.P.
88751894–1900Fr. Santiago Paya, O.P.
89761900–1909Fr. Raimundo Velazquez, O.P.
90771910–1914Fr. José Noval, O.P.
91781914–1917Fr. Serapio Tamayo, O.P.
92791917–1923Fr. Acisclo Alfageme, O.P.
93801923–1926Fr., O.P.
94811926–1936Fr. Serapio Tamayo, O.P.
95821936–1941Fr. Silvestre Sancho, O.P.
96831941–1944Fr. Eugenio Jordan, O.P.^
——1944–1948Fr. Eugenio Jordan, O.P.
97841948–1952Fr. Angel de Blas, O.P.
98851953–1960Fr. Jesus Castañon, O.P.
99861960–1961Fr. Ciriaco Pedrosa, O.P.^
100871961–1965Fr. Juan Labrador, O.P.
101881965–1970Fr. Jesús Diaz, O.P.
102891971–1977Fr. Leonardo Legaspi, O.P.
103901978–1982Fr. Frederik Fermin, O.P.
104911982–1986Fr. Norberto Castillo, O.P.
——1986–1990Fr. Norberto Castillo, O.P.
105921990–1994Fr. Rolando de la Rosa, O.P.
——1994–1998Fr. Rolando de la Rosa, O.P.
106931998–2002Fr. Tamerlane Lana, O.P.
——2002–2006Fr. Tamerlane Lana, O.P.
107942006–2007Fr. Ernesto Arceo, O.P.
108952007–2008Fr. Rolando de la Rosa, O.P.^
——2008–2012Fr. Rolando de la Rosa, O.P.
109962012–2016Fr. Herminio Dagohoy, O.P.
——2016–2020Fr. Herminio Dagohoy, O.P.
110972020–presentFr. Richard Ang, O.P.