Ranger Assessment and Selection Program is an 8-week course held at Fort Benning, Georgia. RASP is required for all ranks. As of 2009 , RASP replaced both the RIP for enlisted Soldiers and ROP for Officers, both commissioned and noncommissioned and below to be assigned to the U.S. Army's 75th Ranger Regiment. RASP is designed to prepare soldiers, many of whom have just graduated Basic Training and Advanced Individual Training and are still considered "fresh" recruits, for assignment to the 75th Ranger Regiment. Soldiers from other units attempting to transfer to the 75th Ranger Regiment also attend the course, but are less common than new soldiers. Follow-on courses including Airborne School and MOS-specific training like SOCM are also required for RASP graduates. Graduates are in jeopardy of losing all affiliation with the Ranger regiment if they fail to complete their follow-on training. Unsuccessful trainees will be reassigned to another unit.
History
After 1st Ranger Battalion was reformed in 1974, selections were held directly by them. When 2nd Ranger Battalion was formed shortly thereafter, they began hosting their own selection as well. In 1986, when the Regimental Headquarters was fully formed, a new consolidated RIP was started at Fort Benning, beginning in February 1985, where it was held until 2009 when it was changed to RASP. In 2017 it was reported in Army Times that an unidentified woman was the first to pass the 21-day Ranger Assessment & Selection Program II. This woman became the first to graduate from the selection program of a special operations unit. Previously in June of 2016, a noncommissioned officer had attempted to pass the test, but dropped out.
Course
RASP is designed to weed out those who do not truly have the physical or mental capabilities to serve in the 75th Ranger Regiment. The training curriculum was specifically designed to "smoke" the trainees through endless punishment via constant physical training. In the second and fourth week of RASP, the class is sent to "Cole Range"; a remote training area of Fort Benning. It is designed to test the individual to their breaking point both physically and mentally; trainees sleep on average 4 hours total throughout Cole Range as they spend their nights doing tedious tasks such as the "hitting the wood line" for being incapable of meeting the given time standards. Although training such as patrolling and land navigation is taught at Cole Range, the main focus is to mentally and physically break down the individual. For classes held in the winter; it is not uncommon for 30–50% of the starting class to quit during the first night of Cole Range. RASP is broken down into two levels of training: RASP 1 for Junior Noncommissioned Officers and Enlisted Soldiers and RASP 2 for Senior Noncommissioned Officers, Officers and Warrant Officers. Candidates will train on physical fitness, marksmanship, small unit tactics, medical proficiency and mobility. Training is fast-paced and intense, ensuring Ranger candidates are prepared to employ their skills in both continued training and worldwide operations upon reaching their assigned Ranger unit. Throughout the course all candidates will be screened to ensure that only the best Soldiers are chosen for service in the Ranger Regiment. Regardless of the course, all candidates must meet the course requirements in order to serve in the Ranger Regiment. As of January 2010, the 4-week Ranger Indoctrination Program has become RASP and is now 8 weeks long. There are two separate phases in the RASP program. Phase 1 primarily consists of day to day, week to week physical and mental toughness training, and includes rigorous "smoke" sessions that are used to train the group if a particular task, condition, or standard is not met, and also incorporate a necessary environment of the unknown to each soldier. Phase 2 training includes marksmanship and baseline breaching abilities. Ranger history is also the subject of training.
Graduation
Upon successful completion of RASP, the new Rangers graduate at the Ranger Memorial, or in the event of inclement weather, Freedom Hall where they will don the tan Ranger beret and will have the scroll of the battalion they will be assigned to put on their shoulder.
Officers, Commissioned and Noncommissioned
As of 2010, all NCOs and Officers must go through RASP to be assigned to the Regiment. An officer or an NCO wishing to move up a position within the Regiment also must complete the RASP, again. Any officer or NCO who leaves the Regiment for professional timeline, and wishes to return at a higher rank, must also complete the RASP, again. This change has resulted in an extreme professionalization across all ranks, where every commander, all the way to the Regimental Commander, and every senior NCO to the Regimental CSM, has completed the RASP multiple times in their career. Officers and NCOs have a shorter RASP, focusing on attributes and physical fitness. Every evaluation report throughout one's career is reviewed, along with letters of recommendation. Psychological evaluation, intelligence test, and a thorough physical fitness testtopped off with a detailed board run by senior Regimental leaders ensure that only the best are selected. Any MOS may be accepted, although Rangers, and Airborne qualified personnel are priority with non-Rangers and non-airborne personnel accepted, contingent on their successful completion of those courses immediately following RASP.
