A railway stop is a spot along a railway line, usually between stations or at a seldom-used station, where passengers can board and exit the train. While a junction or interlocking usually divides two or more lines or routes, and thus has remotely or locally operated signals, a station stop does not. A station stop usually does not have any tracks other than the main tracks, and may or may not have switches.
Germany
In Germany, a Haltepunkt is a railway facility at which passengers can board or leave trains, i.e. an access point for travellers. In contrast to a railway station, a Haltepunkt does not necessarily have railroad switches. There are exceptions, however, if it is locally connected to another service point. The important operational difference is that at a Haltepunkt only boarding and disembarking takes place, but at railway stations can be shunted or other trains can be awaited. The exact definition depends on national legal and operational provisions, which is why Haltepunkte are usually classified as less important access points, which are often - but not necessarily - poorly accessible to passengers.
Definition according to EBO
The Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebsordnung defines Haltepunkt as a railway installation without points where trains may stop, begin or end as scheduled and Haltestelle as a branch or connecting point which are locally connected to a stopping point . Comparable railway installations in Austria, Switzerland and South Tyrol are generally referred as Haltestelle.
Operational facilities
A Haltepunkt offers only one possibility to get on and off the trains. In contrast to a railway station, these can only stop there and in some cases also turn, but cannot overtake or cross each other. A Haltepunkt consists of one or more platforms, which are arranged at the individual tracks of the open line with entrances and exits. In some areas, it can also be merely an unpaved access possibility instead of a platform. Many of today's Haltepunkt used to be stations with overtaking and stabling tracks, which were then abandoned or dismantled. Typical examples are the former Hamburg Dammtor station or Gevelsberg Hauptbahnhof, both of which are only stops from an operational point of view. Some stations - for example Mülheim Hauptbahnhof - differ from a Haltepunkt only by a single pair of points. The stopping points now also include many end points of branch lines where the only track ends without a turnout connection and can only be turned, e.g. Waging and Oberammergau. There are usually no signals set up at a breakpoint. If the stopping point is not easily visible due to local conditions, a stopping point board is set up at a braking distance distance. However, if a platform is located between a pre-signal and a main signal ‒ usually a block signal ‒ the pre-signal at the end of the platform is repeated with a pre-signal repeater. In the case of a stop, the signals belonging to the branch can be positioned in the area of the stop.
Demand stop
A special form of stopping point is the demand stop. Trains only stop at these points when passengers actually want to board or alight. There are stop request buttons in the train which can be activated in good time by passengers who want to get off at the demand stop. Some demand stop points have a switch on the platform with which passengers who want to board can signal the approaching train that they need to do so at an early stage. This is the case, for example, at some new stops of the Hohenzollerische Landesbahn. On many lines, however, there are no special technical signalling devices on the platform. There it is necessary for passengers to be aware of the approaching train so that it stops. When even the smallest stations were still staffed, passengers who wanted to board a train had to report to the station supervisor and passengers who were getting off had to inform the conductor or train driver of their wish at least one station in advance.
