Quarter note


A quarter note or crotchet is a note played for one quarter of the duration of a whole note. Often, musicians will say that a crotchet is one beat, but this is not always correct, as the beat is indicated by the time signature of the music; a quarter note may or may not be the beat. Quarter notes are notated with a filled-in oval note head and a straight, flagless stem. The stem usually points upwards if it is below the middle line of the stave or downwards if it is on or above the middle line. However, the stem direction may differentiate more than one part. The head of the note also reverses its orientation in relation to the stem.

Description

In Unicode, the symbol is U+2669.
A related value is the quarter rest. It denotes a silence of the same duration as a quarter note. It typically appears as the symbol, or occasionally, as the older symbol.

History

The note derives from the semiminima of mensural notation. The word "crotchet" comes from Old French crochet, meaning 'little hook', diminutive of, 'hook', because of the hook used on the note in black notation. However, because the hook appeared on the eighth note in the later white notation, the modern French term croche refers to an eighth note.
The quarter note is played for half the length of a half note and twice that of an eighth note. It is one beat in a bar of.
The term "quarter note" is a calque of the German term Viertelnote. The names of this note in many other languages are calqued from the same source; Romance languages usually use a term derived from the Latin negra meaning 'black':
The Catalan, French, Galician, and Spanish names for the note derive from the fact that the semiminima was the longest note to be colored in mensural white notation, which is true as well of the modern form.
The Bulgarian, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Serbian and Slovak names mean "quarter" and "quarter's pause".