Prahok is a crushed, salted and fermentedfish paste that is used in Cambodian cuisine as a seasoning or a condiment. It originated as a way of preserving fish during the months when fresh fish was not available in abundant supply. Because of its saltiness and strong flavor, it was used as an addition to many meals in Cambodian cuisine, such as soups and sauces. A Cambodian saying goes, "No prahok, no salt", referring to a dish that is of poor flavor or bland thus highlighting its essentiality in Cambodian cuisine. Prahok has a strong and distinct smell, earning the nickname "Cambodian cheese" among food writers. Prahok is usually eaten as a main course with white rice and vegetable such as yardlong bean, cucumbers, and Thai eggplant. Prahok is sometimes distributed as a donation to victims of flood or drought by charities and other organizations. It can be eaten cooked or fried, but is usually not eaten raw because of health issues and the unpleasant smell it makes.
Prahok is made with various fish and methods of fermentation. Fish used include mudfish and moonlight gourami. One noted variety made with a gourami species is called Prahok Kanthara and is attributed to a Laotian style of preparation. Prahok is obtained by crushing or grinding fresh fish after de-scaling, gutting and cleaning them. They can be crushed underfoot, like wine grapes, or processed by machine. After the fish is crushed, it is left in the sun for a full day, then salted. The prahok is fermented in large clay jars covered with a lid made of woven bamboo strips. Afterwards, the prahok can be eaten just after 20 days of fermentation, but the best quality Prahok is left to ferment longer, up to three years. Prahok is also produced in Vietnam and imported for Cambodian diaspora United States.
Prahok dishes
Prahok can be prepared and served in several different ways. Below are dishes where prahok is a main component.
Fried prahok
Prahok chien It is usually mixed with meat and chili peppers. It can also be eaten as a dip, accompanied by vegetables like cucumbers or eggplants, and rice.
Prahok Kob or Prahok aing or This type of prahok is covered with banana leaves and left to cook under pieces of rock beneath a fire or over the coals.
Raw prahok
Prahok chao This type of prahok can be used to make a paste with lemon grass, lime juice, fresh peppers, and eggplant eaten with beef steak. Also this is the type of prahok preferably used as a dipping paste for vegetables and fruits.
