Plurinational Legislative Assembly


The Plurinational Legislative Assembly is the national legislature of Bolivia, placed in La Paz, the country's seat of government.
The assembly is bicameral, consisting of a lower house and an upper house . The Vice President of Bolivia also serves as the President of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly. Each house elects its own directorate: a President, first and second Vice Presidents, and three or four Secretaries. Each party is said to have a seat consisting of its legislators. The representatives of each department comprise a brigade. Each house considers legislation in standing committees.
The Chamber of Senators has 36 seats. Each of the country's nine departments returns four senators elected by proportional representation. Senators are elected from party lists to serve five-year terms, and the minimum age to hold a Senate seat is 35 years.
The Chamber of Deputies comprises 130 seats, elected using the additional member system: 70 deputies are elected to represent single-member electoral districts, 7 of which are Indigenous or Campesino seats elected by the usos y costumbres of minority groups, 60 are elected by proportional representation from party lists on a departmental basis. Deputies also serve five-year terms, and must be aged at least 25 on the day of the election. Party lists are required to alternate between men and women, and in the single-member districts, men are required to run with a female alternate, and vice versa. At least 50% of the deputies from single-member districts are required to be women.
Both the Chamber of Senators, and the proportional part of the Chamber of Deputies is elected based on the vote for the presidential candidates, while the deputies from the single-member districts are elected separately.
The legislative body was formerly known as the National Congress.

2015–2020 Congress

2010–2015 Congress

The 2010-2015 Plurinational Legislative Assembly were controlled in both houses by the governing Movement for Socialism, elected with a 2/3 supermajority. Just four incumbent members of the 2005-2010 Congress returned: Deputy Antonio Franco; Deputy Javier Zabaleta ; Senator René Martínez, who was a deputy; and Senator Róger Pinto, previously of Podemos and now representing PPB-CN. As part of a break between the MAS-IPSP and its ally the Without Fear Movement, the latter party's four deputies, elected on the MAS slate pledged in late March 2010, "to act in accord with our political identity, with our conscience, and with the people who elected us with their vote." Consequently, MAS-IPSP now has 84 members in the Chambers of Deputies, while the MSM has four.
Congressional elections were held as part of general elections on 9 December 2009. After the votes were counted, party strengths in Congress were as follows:
The President of the Senate was Ana María Romero de Campero, elected on 19 January 2010, but she died on 26 October 2010. Seventeen of 36 members of the Senate are women. The 26-member MAS-IPSP majority includes all four senators from La Paz, Oruro, and Potosí; three senators from Cochabamba and Chuquisaca; and two senators from each of Santa Cruz, Beni, Pando, and Tarija.
The President of the Chamber of Deputies, elected on 19 January 2010, is Héctor Arce. 33 of 130 deputies are women.

Prior Congresses

2005–2010 Congress

were held on 18 December 2005, concurrently with the 2005 presidential election.
The Chamber of Deputies had the following leadership: President Edmundo Novillo Aguilar ; First Vice President Julia Ramos ; Second Vice President Oscar Urenda ; First Secretary Oscar Chirinos ; Second Secretary Alex Cerrogrande ; Third Secretary Jorge Becerra, and Fourth Secretary Roxana Sandoval.

2002–2005 Congress

Congressional elections were held on 30 June 2002. After the votes were counted, party strengths in Congress were as follows:
PartiesDeputiesSenators
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement 3611
Movement for Socialism 278
Movement of Revolutionary Left 265
New Republican Force 252
Nationalist Democratic Action 41
Indigenous Pachakuti Movement 60
Citizens' Solidarity Union 50
Socialist Party 10
Total13027

The next election was scheduled to take place in June 2007, but was brought forward to December 2005 on a decision from interim President Eduardo Rodríguez.

Buildings

The two chambers of Congress meet in the legislative palace located on Plaza Murillo, La Paz's main city-centre square. Plaza Murillo is also flanked by the presidential palace and the cathedral of Nuestra Señora de La Paz. Prior to becoming the seat of the legislature in 1904, the congress building had, at different times, housed a convent and a university.
The Vice-President, in his capacity as President of Congress, has an imposing suite of offices on Calle Mercado in central La Paz. The building, designed by Emilio Villanueva, was erected during the 1920s and was originally intended to serve as the headquarters of Bolivia's central bank. Under Jaime Paz Zamora's 1989-1993 presidency, the building was reassigned to the vice-presidency, but the vice-presidential staff did not relocate entirely until major reconstruction and renovation work, starting in 1997, had been carried out. The Library of Congress and the National Congressional Archive are also located on the premises.

Members

Chamber of Deputies