The land was first settled around 1794. The town of Pitcher was formed from parts of the towns of German and Lincklaen in 1827. The size of Pitcher was increased in 1833 with an additional portion of Lincklaen.
As of the census of 2000, there were 848 people, 293 households, and 230 families residing in the town. The population density was 29.8 people per square mile. There were 381 housing units at an average density of 13.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 99.29% White, 0.24% African American, 0.12% Native American, and 0.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.53% of the population. There were 293 households out of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.1% were married couplesliving together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.20. In the town, the population was spread out with 29.7% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.2 males. The median income for a household in the town was $35,000, and the median income for a family was $34,875. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $19,219 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,102. About 13.2% of families and 17.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.5% of those under age 18 and 4.7% of those age 65 or over.
Communities and locations in Pitcher
Chandler Corners - A former location in the town, northeast of Pitcher village.
Hydeville - A hamlet by the west town line and north of Pitcher village on County Road 12.
North Pitcher - A hamlet in the northern part of the town on NY-26 and the Otselic River.
Pitcher - The hamlet of Pitcher is in the western part of the town, near the west town line, on NY-26 and the Otselic River.
Pitcher Springs - A hamlet northeast of Pitcher village. It was a popular spa during the early history of the town.
Ufford Corners - A location northwest of North Pitcher near the north town line.
Union Valley - A hamlet at the west town line, mostly within Cortland County.
Waldron Corners - A location at the east town line.
