Pfizer Award

Recipients

• 1959 Marie Boas Hall, Robert Boyle and Seventeenth-Century Chemistry.
• 1960 Marshall Clagett, The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages.
• 1961 Cyril Stanley Smith, A History of Metallography: The Development of Ideas on the Structure of Metal before 1890.
• 1962 Henry Guerlac, Lavoisier, The Crucial Year: The Background and Origin of His First Experiments on Combustion in 1772
• 1963 Lynn White, Jr., Medieval Technology and Social Change.
• 1964 Robert E. Schofield, The Lunar Society of Birmingham: A Social History of Provincial Science and Industry in Eighteenth-Century England.
• 1965 Charles D. O'Malley, Andreas Vesalius of Brussels, 1514-1564.
• 1966 L. Pearce Williams, Michael Faraday: A Biography.
• 1967 Howard B. Adelmann, Marcello Malpighi and the Evolution of Embryology.
• 1968 Edward Rosen, Kepler's Somnium.
• 1969 Margaret T. May, Galen on the Usefulness of the Parts of the Body.
• 1970 Michael Ghiselin, The Triumph of the Darwinian Method.
• 1971 David Joravsky, The Lysenko Affair.
• 1972 Richard S. Westfall, Force in Newton's Physics: The Science of Dynamics in the Seventeenth Century.
• 1973 Joseph Fruton, Molecules and Life: Historical Essays on the Interplay ofChemistry and Biology.
• 1974 Susan Schlee, The Edge of an Unfamiliar World: A History of Oceanography.
• 1975 Frederic L. Holmes, Claude Bernard and Animal Chemistry: The Emergence of a Scientist.
• 1976 Otto Neugebauer, A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy .
• 1977 Stephen G. Brush, The Kind of Motion We Call Heat.
• 1978 Allen G. Debus, The Chemical Philosophy: Paracelsian Science and Medicine in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.
• 1978 Merritt Roe Smith, Harpers Ferry Armory and the New Technology: The Challenge of Change.
• 1979 Susan Faye Cannon, Science in Culture: The Early Victorian Period.
• 1980 Frank J. Sulloway, Freud, Biologist of the Mind: Beyond the Psychoanalytic Legend.
• 1981 Charles Coulston Gillispie, Science and Polity in France at the End of the Old Regime.
• 1982 Thomas Goldstein, Dawn of Modern Science: From the Arabs to Leonardo da Vinci.
• 1983 Richard S. Westfall, Never at Rest: A Biography of lsaac Newton.
• 1984 Kenneth R. Manning, .
• 1985 Noel Swerdlow and Otto Neugebauer, Mathematical Astronomy in Copernicus's De Revolutionibus.
• 1986 I. Bernard Cohen, Revolution in Science.
• 1987 Christa Jungnickel and Russell McCormmach, Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein; Volume I: The Torch of Mathematics, 1800-1870; Volume II: The Now Mighty Theoretical Physics, 1870-1925.
• 1988 Robert J. Richards, Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior.
• 1989 Lorraine Daston, Classical Probability in the Enlightenment.
• 1990 Crosbie Smith and M. Norton Wise, Energy and Empire: A Biographical Study of Lord Kelvin.
• 1991 Adrian Desmond, The Politics of Evolution: Morphology, Medicine, and Reform in Radical London.
• 1991 Servos, John W., , Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, 1990.
• 1992 James R. Bartholomew, The Formation of Science in Japan: Building a Research Tradition.
• 1993 David C. Cassidy, Uncertainty: The Life and Science of Werner Heisenberg.
• 1994 Joan Cadden, The Meanings of Sex Difference in the Middle Ages.
• 1995 Pamela H. Smith, The Business of Alchemy: Science and Culture in the Holy Roman Empire.
• 1996 Paula Findlen, Possessing Nature: Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Italy.
• 1997 Margaret W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972.
• 1998 Peter Galison, Image and Logic: A Material Culture of Microphysics.
• 1999 Lorraine Daston and Katharine Park, Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750.
• 2000 Crosbie Smith, The Science of Energy: A Cultural History of Energy Physics.
• 2001 John Heilbron, The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories.
• 2002 Jim Secord, Victorian Sensation: The Extraordinary Publication, Reception, and Secret Authorship of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation.
• 2003 Mary Terrall, The Man Who Flattened the Earth: Maupertuis and the Sciences in the Enlightenment.
• 2004 Janet Browne, Charles Darwin: The Power of Place
• 2005 William Newman and Lawrence Principe, Alchemy Tried in the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate of Helmontian Chymistry
• 2006 Richard W. Burkhardt, Jr., Patterns of Behavior: Konrad Lorenz, Niko Tinbergen, and the Founding of Ethology
• 2007 David Kaiser, Drawing Theories Apart: The Dispersion of Feynman Diagrams in Postwar Physics
• 2008 Deborah Harkness, The Jewel House: Elizabethan London and the Scientific Revolution
• 2009 Harold J. Cook, Matters of Exchange: Commerce, Medicine, and Science in the Dutch Golden Age
• 2010 Maria Rosa Antognazza, Leibniz: An Intellectual Biography
• 2011 Eleanor Robson, Mathematics in Ancient Iraq: A Social History
• 2012 Dagmar Schaefer, The Crafting of the 10,000 Things: Knowledge and Technology in Seventeenth-Century China
• 2013 John Tresch, The Romantic Machine: Utopian Science and Technology after Napoleon
• 2014 Sachiko Kusukawa, Picturing the book of nature: Image, text and argument in sixteenth-century human anatomy and medical botany
• 2015 Daniel Todes, Ivan Pavlov: A Russian Life in Science
• 2016 Omar W. Nasim, Observing by Hand. Sketching the Nebulae in the Nineteenth Century
• 2017 Tiago Saraiva, Fascist Pigs: Technoscientific Organisms and the History of Fascism