Pejorative suffix


A pejorative suffix is a suffix that attaches a negative meaning to the word or word-stem preceding it. There is frequent overlap between this and the diminutive form.
The pejorative suffix may add the sense of "a despicable example of the preceding," as in Spanish -ejo. It can also convey the sense of "a despicable human having the preceding characteristic"; for instance, as in English -el or the development of the word cuckold from Old French cocu "cuckoo" + -ald, taken into Anglo-Saxon as cokewald and thus to the modern English word.
Examples of the pejorative suffix:

Catalan

The Catalan language has pejorative suffixes.
-alla -alles Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Examples: gentalla. It's also used as a collective suffix.
-arro -arros Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Example: veuarra. It's also used as an augmentative suffix.
-astre -astres Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Example: poetastra. This suffix has also the meaning "indirect relation with".
-ot -ots Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Example: sabatot. Suffixed to adjectives gives new adjectives. Example: lletjot. As a suffix it also means "object", giving a lexicalized word.

Chinese

The Chinese language has pejorative suffixes.
-屄bī,e.g.二逼èrbī"dullard",傻逼shǎbī"fool",骚逼sāobī"bitch"
-婊biǎo,e.g.绿茶婊lǜchábiǎo
NOTE:this suffix is from the word 婊子biǎozi"prostitute",so at first word suffixed with 婊 were used to describe only women,but recently it can be used to describe both men and women,for example,圣母婊shèngmǔbiǎo,which means people who pretend to bo as merciful as goddesses on the Internet,from 圣母shèngmǔ"goddess"
-棍gùn,e.g.淫棍yíngùn"lewdster",恶棍ègùn"bad guy",
-鬼guǐ,e.g.色鬼sèguǐ"lewdster"醉鬼zuìguǐ"drunkard"
-货huò,e.g.贱货jiànhuò"contemptible wretch"饿货èhuò"hungry guy"

English">English language">English

-, e.g. coward, dullard, sluggard, drunkard
-, e.g. Paultard, conspiratard, "Trumptard", libtard—new productive suffix from combination of retard and similarity to non-productive suffix -ard
-, e.g. poetaster, philosophaster
-, e.g. hipster, oldster
-, e.g. peacenik, neatnik, beatnik
-, e.g. mongrel, wastrel

[Esperanto]

-, e.g. veteraĉo "foul weather", domaĉo "hovel", hundaĉo "cur"

Hawaiian">Hawaiian language">Hawaiian

-ā, e.g. lonoā "gossip"
-ea, e.g. poluea "seasickness"

Italian">Italian language">Italian

-accio, e.g. boccaccia "ugly mug"

Japanese">Japanese language">Japanese

-め, e.g. 「化け物め」 "That damn monster!" or 「可愛いやつめ」　kawaii yatsu-me "That darn cutie!"

Latin">Latin language">Latin

-aster, denoting fraudulent resemblance, e.g. patraster "one who plays the father"

Ojibwe">Ojibwe language">Ojibwe ([Anishinaabemowin])

-ish, e.g. animosh "dog"

Provençal">Provençal language">Provençal

-asso, e.g. vidasso "wretched life"

Russian">Russian language">Russian

-iška
-uxa, pejorative for non-personal nouns, e.g. černuxa, dramatic term for an unrelentingly bleak cinematic style
-jaga, pejorative for persons, e.g. skuperdjaga, skromnjaga, stiljaga, dokhodjaga

Spanish">Spanish language">Spanish

-aco, e.g., pajarraco "large ugly bird", negraco "nigger", moraco "raghead".
-ejo, e.g., lugarejo "podunk town" and librejo "worthless book" ; however, -ejo can also show endearment, as in festejo.
-ote, e.g., discursote "long dull speech"
-ucho, e.g., casucha "hovel"
-zuelo, e.g., mujerzuela "whore"