Palghar
Palghar ) is a town in the Konkan division of Maharashtra state, India and a municipal council. It is in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, and since 2014 it has been the administrative capital of the Palghar district. Palghar lies on the Western Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway in the busy Mumbai-Ahmedabad rail corridor. The town is located about 87 kilometers north of Mumbai, about 35 kilometers north of Virar and about 24 kilometers west of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad National Highway at Manor.
Demographics
At the 2011 Census of India, Palghar had a population of 68,930. Males numbered 36,523 and females 32,407. The literacy rate was 77.52%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; male literacy was 81.2% and female literacy 73.35%. 11.8% of the population was under 6 years of age.Marathi is the most widely spoken language with Warli, Vadvali and Vanjari dialects. Small communities of Gujaratis and Muslims speak Gujarati and Urdu respectively.
Palghar has an urban population of 1,435,210, thus about 48% of the total population lives in the urbanized area.
Transport
Palghar is well connected via road and rail transport. Palghar acts as a divisional head of Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation, which provides direct connectivity to several towns across Maharashtra and Gujarat, including Surat, Vapi, Valsad, Vadodara, Bharuch, Ankleshwar, Anand, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Miraj, Pune, Vaduj, Thane, Ulhasnagar, Bhiwandi, Aurangabad, Ahmednagar, Kalyan, Alibag, Nandurbar, Bhusaval, Shirdi, and Nashik.Palghar is an important railway station on the Mumbai Suburban Railway. Along with Shuttle/Memu/EMU services, many long-distance trains also stop here.
History
On 1 August 2014, Palghar became the 36th district of Maharashtra. Its history is alternate with its old district Thane. Jawhar, Vasai and Palghar tehsils have a historical legacy. Vasai was under the Portuguese Empire. Chimaji Appa, the Maratha military commander later captured Vasai fort from the Portuguese and embedded the Maratha flag on Vasai. Palghar was one of the important points in 1942 of the Chalejav campaign.On 14 August 1942, there was an uprising against the British in Palghar, in which Kashinath Hari Pagdhare, Govind Ganesh Thakur, Ramprasad Bhimashankar Tiwari, Ramchandra Mahadev Churi, and Govind Sukur More were killed. The main circle of Palghar is known as "Paachbatti" in honour of these martyrs. 14 August has been declared "Martyrs Day" in Palghar, when people gather at Paachbatti Circle to honour the five who sacrificed their lives for Indian independence.
Culture
,Bhandari, Warli, Katkari, Malhar Koli, Vanjari, Vadval, Mali are the predominant castes in Palghar.
The Vanjaris are a nomadic tribe that have their roots in Chittodgad, Rajasthan. Their language is distinct from standard Marathi as it has a high influence of Rajasthani and Gujarati.
Vadval is the most numerous community present in Palghar. They are said to be the descendants of Yadava dynasty of Devagiri who established themselves here. They form one of the very few Marathi-speaking communities which belong to Kshatriya varna but not the traditional 96-clan Maratha caste.
Warli Painting and famous Tarapa dance features contribution towards art by the Warli community. Warli painting and art stretch back to a millennium. Warli art is also appreciated in foreign countries. Warlis represent the earliest settlers of the land around the present times and their culture has largely influenced the later cultures in and around the area.
The Koli community of Palghar is a reminder of the city's links with the Arabian sea. Fisheries form a large part of trade and diet of Palghar and also take up a major role in cultural events. The Kolis are further divided into subcastes such as Vaiti, Mangele, Bari, etc.
Art, crafts and tourism
Antarang Sanskrutik Kala Darpan Pratishthan Saphale is an NGO/Trust based in Saphale, working for the development of visual arts, performing arts and music, and for social and environmental issues.Tourist attractions in the district include:
- Arnala fort
- Vasai Fort
- Gambhirgad
- Kaldurg Fort
- Kelwa Beach
- Kamandurg Fort
- Shirgaon Fort
- Tandulwadi Fort
- Vajreshwari hot water spring
- Mahalakshmi Temple
- Jivdani Mata temple
- Kohoj Fort
- Asawa Fort
- Asherigad Fort
- Kelwa Dam
- Devkhop Dam
- Bhavangad Fort
Economy
Palghar had also been a hub for wood smuggling in the post-independence era, a practice that has been largely curbed by the Forest department and police. Other than wood, the secluded beaches were known to attract smugglers trying to offshore their goods and enter Mumbai by road to avoid customs.
Education
The town has a number of schools and colleges. A number of construction projects have recently begun in the region. There is scope to set up more schools and colleges for the increasing resident population.- Sonopant Dandekar Arts, V.S. Apte Commerce & M.H. Mehta Science College Palghar
- St. John College of Humanities and Sciences
- St. John College of Engineering and Technology
- St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research
- St.John College of Technical Institute
- Sonopant Dandekar Shikshan Mandali
- Anand Ashram English High School Palghar
- Sundaram Central School & Junior College Palghar
- Kenam English High School Palghar
- Holy Spirit English High School Palghar
- twinkle Star English High School Palghar
- Aryan High School Plaghar
- Jeevan Vikas High School Palghar
- Bhagini Samaj High School
- Sir JP International school
- Aryan English High School
- Surya Valley School
- Yashwantrao Chaphekar Jr.College of Arts, Commerce & Science
- Sacred heart English High School, Palghar
- National College, Palghar
Sports
- Shardul Thakur is a cricketer from Palghar who plays for India, for Chennai Super Kings in the IPL and for Mumbai in the Ranji Trophy.
- Aditya Tare is a wicket-keeper and a right-hand batsman from Palghar who plays for Delhi Daredevils in the IPL.