Pablo Iglesias Turrión
Pablo Iglesias Turrión is a Spanish politician, serving as Second Deputy Prime Minister and as Minister of Social Rights and 2030 Agenda of the Government of Spain since January 2020. He has been the Secretary-General of Podemos since 2014.
Before then, he was a lecturer in political science at the Complutense University of Madrid and TV host. He was elected to the European Parliament in the 2014 elections as the leading candidate of the newly created Podemos.
Biography
Family and early life
Pablo Manuel Iglesias Turrión was born on 17 October 1978 in Madrid, the son of Luisa Turrión, a lawyer for the trade union CCOO, and Javier Iglesias, a labour inspector and retired history teacher, and, according to Iglesias, former member of the Revolutionary Antifascist Patriotic Front. Iglesias was named Pablo after Pablo Iglesias, a labour movement leader who founded the Spanish Socialist Worker's Party in 1879.Moving to Soria with his family at the age of two, Iglesias was raised in the latter provincial capital until he was 13 years old, studying in CP Numancia, Infantes de Lara and Las Pedrizas. After his parents separated, he went back to Madrid with his mother, settling in Vallecas, where he became a member of the Communist Youth when he was 14. A member of the by the turn of the century, he then took part in anti-globalization protests extolling civil disobedience.
From 1996 to 2001 Iglesias studied Law at the Complutense University of Madrid and then Political Science, in which he got the best record of his class, an average of 9.22, 13 Honours and he was awarded the Extraordinary Prize of Degree. He studied at the University of Bologna as part of the Erasmus programme. Aside from Spanish, he speaks English and Italian.
Post-graduate activities
In 2003, he started a TV show on : La Tuerka, that was later broadcast by Público TV.Iglesias also earned the teaching certificate, DEA and PhD.
His doctoral dissertation under the supervision of Heriberto Cairo Carou dealt with civil disobedience of the anti-globalization movement in early 21st-century Spain and Italy and it was titled Multitud y acción colectiva postnacional: un estudio comparativo de los desobedientes: de Italia a Madrid . Iglesias has also obtained a Master of Humanities from Charles III University with a thesis regarding a political analysis of cinema, and a Master of Arts in Communication from the European Graduate School in Switzerland, where he studied political theory, cinema and psychoanalysis.
Since the early-2000s, Iglesias was involved with the Center for Political and Social Studies Foundation and spent a time in the executive board of the organisation. During the 2000s, Iglesias was involved in Latin American politics for the CEPS Foundation and monitored elections in Paraguay and Bolivia while acting as a strategic analysis advisor for the government of Venezuela and as a consultant for the government of Bolivia.
He worked as acting senior lecturer of political science at the UCM, where he was named honorary professor in September 2014. He defended in 2008 his dissertation, which was supervised by Heriberto Cairo Carou, and whose subject was collective political action in post-millennial political history. Since 2002, he has published more than 30 articles in academic journals. He has also written articles in media such as Público, Kaosenlared, Diagonal and Rebelion.org.
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In 2012, he was hired by United Left's Yolanda Díaz to work as political advisor vis-à-vis the electoral campaign for the 21 October Galician regional election, in which Díaz ran as candidate of the Galician Left Alternative platform.
In January 2013, the broadcasting of Fort Apache was started; the TV show, produced by 360 Global Media and CMI and funded by the Iranian government's HispanTV, featured from 2013 to 2019 a weekly discussion on hot political subjects moderated by Iglesias.
On 25 April 2013, Iglesias was invited to the political talk show El gato al agua as panelist. This marked a breaking point, as the doors to mainstream media opened for Iglesias, gaining a certain public visibility. He became a regular of TV political shows, featuring in El cascabel al gato, La Sexta Noche, Las Mañanas de Cuatro and La Noche en 24 Horas''.
In October 2013, he was given the "Enfocados" prize by the Department of Journalism and Audiovisual Communication of the Universidad Carlos III of Madrid for his contribution to social change, which he shared with Ignacio Escolar and Jordi Évole in the individual category.
Creation of Podemos
By late 2013, after an informal dinner at Raúl Camargo's residence, to which Iglesias, Miguel Urbán, Jorge Moruno attended, the idea of launching a platform for the 2014 European Parliament election began to take form. According to Iglesias, he had already the name Podemos in mind, inspired by the homonymously named Tuto Quiroga's bolivian right-wing platform PODEMOS; the name allowed to mix the ideas of 'Power' and 'Democracy'.Days after the issuing of the Mover ficha: convertir la indignación en cambio político manifesto on 14 January 2014, Iglesias presented, along with other people and groups, the Podemos movement, intending to run in the European election. He was elected to lead the list of Podemos in open primary elections. His face was used as logo on the ballot paper as he was better known than the party by that time.
He was then elected to the European Parliament, as the party earned 5 seats at the election. On 25 June 2014, GUE/NGL, the European Parliament group Podemos joined, elected him as its proposed candidate for the presidency of the European Parliament. As a MEP, Iglesias served in the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Subcommittee on Human Rights and in the vice-chair of the Delegation for relations with Mercosur. He was also a substitute for the Subcommittee on Security and Defence and the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development. He named Dina Bousselham to be the head of his cabinet of advisors.
Iglesias became the host of Otra vuelta de tuerka, a new TV show featuring an interview by Iglesias of a public figure; it was inaugurated on 6 October 2014, with a talk between Iglesias and Jesús Cintora. Broadcast until 2020, through the years Iglesias interviewed more than 150 individuals, including the likes of Thomas Piketty, Toni Negri, Manuel Castells, Baltasar Garzón, Dilma Rousseff, Owen Jones, Ahed Tamimi, Guilherme Boulos, Nancy Fraser or José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.
,, José Manuel López, Pablo Iglesias and Íñigo Errejón attending the investiture of Manuela Carmena as Mayor of Madrid on 13 June 2015
On 15 November 2014 Iglesias became the first Secretary-General of Podemos, after commanding the support of 88.6% of the registered party members who took part in the voting, ending the two-month long Yes We Can Citizen Assembly that defined the party's organizational structure and elected the party cadres.
In March 2015, Iglesias and Tania Sánchez jointly announced the breakup of their domestic partnership; they had been roughly three years together.
Following the results of the May 2015 local elections, and the ensuing success of the lists tacitly endorsed by Podemos in the big cities, Iglesias deemed the new municipal governments in Madrid and Barcelona, presided by Manuela Carmena and Ada Colau respectively, as models in order to "start the change" in the country.
Failed ''sorpasso''
On 27 October 2015, Iglesias renounced to his seat in the European Parliament in order to focus on the campaign for the 2015 Spanish general election.Iglesias ran first in the Podemos in Madrid for the Congress of Deputies election; Podemos earned 44 seats; forming a parliamentary group with the addition of the legislators elected with En Comú Podem and En Marea; gathering 69 deputies, the new group became the third biggest group in the Lower House. On 15 February 2016, Podemos delivered to PSOE a proposal intending to agree on the government formation with PSOE, but PSOE deemed some of the points as unacceptable; on 30 March, after meeting Pedro Sánchez, Iglesias make public he would renounce to enter government if that were to smooth the negotiations for the investiture of Sánchez as prime minister, while also declaring he was open to the prospect of meeting Albert Rivera, leader of Citizens, that had already reached a tentative agreement with the PSOE.
After the absence of any investiture, on 3 May 2016 a new general election was called for 26 June. Three days after accused Iglesias of allegedly having received illegal funding from the Venezuelan government via a tax haven. The report on which the information was based, led to many headlines in the Spanish press for months although it led to nowhere as evidence in the Courts.
in 2016 after reaching a deal for the coalition of Podemos and IU for the 2016 general election, the "pacto de los botellines".
On 9 May 2016 Pablo Iglesias and Alberto Garzón, announced and agreement vying for an electoral alliance between Podemos and IU vis-à-vis the upcoming general election; this agreement came to be known as the pacto de los botellines. The coalition was named Unidos Podemos and Iglesias ran 1st in the Madrid list. The seats of Unidos Podemos, plus those of En Comú Podem, En Marea and Compromís amounted to 71, and the Unidos Podemos-En Comú Podem-En Marea Confederal Parliamentary Group stood as third political force in the Lower House. The results of the 2016 election brought a breaking point in Podemos as both Iglesias and Íñigo Errejón deemed the results of the election largely as a strategical failure, but because of different interpretations; Iglesias in particular thought the strategy of transversality endorsed by Errejón had shown its limits.
From December 2016 to February 2017 the 2nd Citizen Assembly of Podemos took place. Pablo Iglesias bid to repeat as Secretary-General of the party, winning in the leadership vote in which the only challenger he faced was Juan Moreno Yagüe. In addition, his platform also imposed over that of Errejón in the voting of the composition of the Podemos State Council and some party papers, and thus his grip on the party strengthened.
In April 2017, Iglesias and Podemos tabled a censure motion against the PP government due to a series of corruption scandals of the governing party. The other opposition parties refused to support it, and the motion failed, with only 82 votes in favor against 170 opposed and 97 abstaining. As no-confidence motions in Spain are constructive, Iglesias designated himself as replacement candidate for Prime Minister in the event his motion succeeded in toppling Rajoy.
In May 2018, Iglesias and his domestic partner Irene Montero put their positions in Podemos up for a vote of confidence due to an internal controversy over their purchase of a €600,000 house in Galapagar outside Madrid; some party members saw the purchase as contrary to the party's beliefs. The vote of confidence in their positions passed with 68.4% of members voting in their favour.
In May 2018, just after the Audiencia Nacional delivered the sentence condemning the People's Party as participant of the Gürtel corruption scheme "on a lucrative basis" and the ensuing filing PSOE parliamentary group of a vote of no confidence in the Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy for 1 June 2018, Iglesias announced that shall the latter motion fail Podemos would file another one just for the purpose of immediately calling for a new general election; this move has been attributed to the will to force the 'yes' vote of the MPs of the Basque Nationalist Party ; the 'yes' votes of the Basque MPs ultimately determined the success of the motion.
Following the results of the April 2019 Spanish general election and the subsequent proposal of Pedro Sánchez as Prime Ministerial candidate by the King, tasked with searching supports for his investiture, Iglesias faced the negotiations between the PSOE and Podemos regarding the investiture vowing for some Podemos politicians to enter the Council of Ministers in a number relative to the PSOE proportional to the votes of each party. Even if on 19 July 2019, Iglesias made clear his personal presence at the Council of Ministers was not to be an excuse not to form a government, dropping any pretense of becoming a minister, the negotiations with the PSOE vis-à-vis the portfolios entrusted to Podemos politicians ultimately failed, and Sánchez could not pass his first investiture in July 2019.
Cabinet member
Following the results of the November 2019 Spanish general election, on 12 November 2019 Pedro Sánchez and Iglesias announced a preliminary agreement between PSOE and Unidas Podemos to rule together. The successful investiture of Sánchez as prime minister in a second round vote ensued on 7 January 2020.Appointed as Second Deputy Prime Minister and as Minister of Social Rights and 2030 Agenda in the Sánchez II Government, he took office along the rest of the ministers in the cabinet on 13 January 2020. The protocol, established for the smooth functioning of the coalition government, signed by PSOE and Podemos envisaged Iglesias quitting the role of host in TV shows such as Otra vuelta de tuerka and Fort Apache when he became Deputy Prime Minister. Iglesias chose Podemos local leader in Madrid and former JEMAD Julio Rodríguez to be his Chief of Staff, while he opted for and as Secretaries of State in the Ministry.
Stances
He is an admirer of the Italian Communist Party and Antonio Gramsci, as is interested in the party strategy of Palmiro Togliatti and the theoretical work of Antonio Negri.Vis-à-vis the Vistalegre II party congress in 2017, Iglesias represented one of the two proposals within Podemos—sometimes portrayed as a "traditional left-wing" vs "classic populist strategy" —that clashed during the event: the Iglesias' line stance was to strengthen the Podemos-United Left current alliance in opposition to the Errejón's line, that envisioned the coalition locked the party too much into a radical-left identity.
In August 2015, Iglesias endorsed Jeremy Corbyn's campaign in the Labour Party leadership election He has declared himself a defender of the Venezuelan Bolivarian government several times and has stated his admiration for the policies of Hugo Chávez. He has later changed his public statements regarding Venezuela and disavowed some of his earlier comments, calling the crisis in Venezuela a "disaster".
Iglesias is a prominent republican, saying that a "new republic would be the best guarantee of a united Spain built on a foundation of respect and freedom to decide".
He is not religious, but says he finds himself in agreement with many of Pope Francis's views.
Electoral history
| Election | List | Constituency | List position | Result |
| European parliament election, 2014 | Podemos | Spain | 1st | Elected |
| Spanish general election, 2015 | Podemos | Madrid | 1st | Elected |
| Spanish general election, 2016 | Unidos Podemos | Madrid | 1st | Elected |
| Spanish general election, April 2019 | Unidas Podemos | Madrid | 1st | Elected |
| Spanish general election, November 2019 | Unidas Podemos | Madrid | 1st | Elected |