Order of the Sun of Peru The Order of the Sun of Peru , formerly known as the Order of the Sun , is the highest award bestowed by the nation of Peru to commend notable civil and military merit. The award is the oldest civilian award in the Americas , first being established in 1821.History The Order was originally instituted on 8 October 1821 by General José de San Martín upon reaching Lima , to recognize those who had distinguished themselves in the campaign against the Spanish Royalists . The three classes of appointment to the Order were, in descending order of precedence: Founder, Meritorious and Associate. It was discontinued four years later, after many grantees started to use the award as a nobility title, similar to the earlier Castile titles awarded by the colonial government. The Congress issued a law abolishing the Order of the Sun on May 9th, 1825. In 1921, the Order was re-established to commemorate the Centennial of Peruvian Independence.Classes The award consists of the following classes:Grand Cross with diamonds Grand Cross Grand Officer Commander Officer KnightNotable recipients Royalty King Philip VI of Spain , invested as a Grand Cross and later ascended to Grand Collar Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani of Qatar, Grand Collar King Abdullah II of Jordan , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Mohammed VI of Morocco , Grand Cross with Diamonds Queen Letizia of Spain , Grand Cross Prince Albert II of Monaco , Grand Cross King Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan of Malaysia, Grand Cross with Diamonds King Rama IX of Thailand , Grand Cross with Diamonds Prince Michael of Kent , Grand Cross Emperor Akihito , invested as a Grand Cross and later ascended to Grand Cross with Diamonds Empress Michiko , Grand Cross Queen Sofía of Spain , Grand Cross King Juan Carlos I of Spain , Grand Cross with Diamonds Emperor Haile Selassie , Grand Cross King Albert II of Belgium , Grand Cross Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh , Grand Cross with Diamonds Empress Nagako , Grand Cross Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden King Edward VII of Great Britain , Grand Cross King Alfonso XIII of Spain , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Gustaf V of Sweden , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Christian X of Denmark , Grand Cross with Diamonds Queen Wilhelmine of the Netherlands , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Albert I of Belgium , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Haakon VII of Norway , Grand Cross with Diamonds Emperor Yoshihito of Japan , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Ferdinand I of Romania , Grand Cross with Diamonds Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg , Grand Cross with Diamonds King Leopold III of Belgium , Grand Cross with DiamondsOther people Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa Ramón Miranda Ampuero Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold François Mitterrand , Grand Cross with Diamonds Javier Pérez de Cuéllar , Grand Cross with Diamonds Leonid Brezhnev , Grand Cross with Diamonds Carlos Andrés Pérez , Grand Cross with Diamonds Nicolae Ceaușescu , Grand Cross with Diamonds Patricia Nixon , Grand Cross with Diamonds Charles de Gaulle , Grand Cross with Diamonds G. E. Berrios Leonid Brezhnev Fernando Belaúnde Terry , Grand Cross with Diamonds Ernesto Burzagli Rosa Campuzano Arturo "Zambo" Cavero Eduardo Frei , Grand Cross with Diamonds Cardinal Pietro Gasparri , Grand Cross with Diamonds Hipólito Yrigoyen, Grand Cross with Diamonds Alexandre Millerand, Grand Cross with Diamonds Warren G. Harding, Grand Cross with Diamonds, Grand Cross with Diamonds Friedrich Ebert , Grand Cross with Diamonds Gerardo Chavez Rafael Correa Roberto Dañino Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco Plácido Domingo Jose Antonio Meier Espinosa Juan Diego Flórez Francisco Estévanez Rodríguez Frank Freyer Charles de Gaulle Herbert Hervey, 5th Marquess of Bristol Thor Heyerdahl Guillermo Hillcoat Daisaku Ikeda Cristina Fernández de Kirchner Alexei Kosygin Sergey Lavrov Lee Hsien Loong Martín Vizcarra Paul McCartney George Marshall Dmitry Medvedev José Mujica Pat Nixon , 1970 Valentín Paniagua George Papandreou Maria Reiche Ford O. Rogers Maria Rostworowski Manuela Sáenz Haile Selassie John F. Shafroth Jr. Andrew B. Shea Jagatjit Singh of Kapurthala Yma Sumac Fernando de Szyszlo Julio C. Tello Valentina Tereshkova Danilo Türk Donald Tusk Pablo Grimberg Umansky Somchai Wongsawat Gian Marco Zignago
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