Orconectes


Orconectes is a genus of freshwater crayfish, native to the eastern United States and Canada. It includes the rusty crayfish, an invasive species in North America, and Orconectes limosus, an invasive species in Europe.

Taxonomy

The genus Orconectes was erected in 1872 by Edward Drinker Cope to house Astacus pellucidus and his new species, Orconectes inermis.
Approximately 85 species are known, divided into 11 subgenera.
Scientific nameCommon nameRed List statusDistributionAuthorityYearSubgenus
O. acaresredspotted stream crayfishArkansasFitzpatrick1965Procericambarus
O. alabamensisAlabama crayfishAlabama, Mississippi, Tennessee1884Trisellescens
O. australiscave crayfishAlabama, Tennessee1941Orconectes
O. barrenensisBarren River crayfishKentucky, TennesseeRhoades1944Procericambarus
O. barriCumberland Plateau crayfishKentucky, TennesseeBuhay & Crandall2008Orconectes
O. bellatorScreaming Eagle crayfishTennesseeBloom, McCall, Schuster & Blanton2019Faxonius
O. bisectusCrittenden crayfishKentuckyRhoades1944Crockerinus
O. burriBlood River crayfishKentucky, TennesseeTaylor & Sabaj1998Crockerinus
O. carolinensisNorth Carolina spiny crayfishNorth CarolinaCooper & Cooper1995Procericambarus
O. causeyiwestern plains crayfishArkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, TexasJester1967Gremicambarus
O. chickasawaeChickasaw crayfishMississippiCooper & Hobbs1980Trisellescens
O. compressusslender crayfishAlabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee1884Gremicambarus
O. cooperiFlint River crayfishAlabama, TennesseeCooper & Hobbs1980Trisellescens
O. cristavariusspiny stream crayfishKentucky, North Carolina, VirginiaTaylor2000Procericambarus
O. deanaeconchas crayfishNew Mexico, OklahomaReimer & Jester1975Hespericambarus
O. difficilispainted crayfishArkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas1898Hespericambarus
O. durellisaddle crayfishKentucky, TennesseeBouchard & Bouchard1995Procericambarus
O. erichsonianusreticulate crayfishAlabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia1898Crockerinus
O. etnieriEts crayfishMississippi, TennesseeBouchard & Bouchard1976Trisellescens
O. eupunctuscoldwater crayfishArkansas, MissouriWilliams1952Crockerinus
O. forcepssurgeon crayfishAlabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia1884Procericambarus
O. harrisoniibelted crayfishMissouri1884Billecambarus
O. hartfieldiYazoo crayfishMississippiFitzpatrick & Suttkus1992Hespericambarus
O. hathawayiTeche pointed crayfishLouisianaPenn1952Hespericambarus
O. hobbsiPontchartrain painted crayfishLouisiana, MississippiPenn1950Buannulifictus
O. holtibimaculate crayfishAlabamaCooper & Hobbs1980Trisellescens
O. hylaswoodland crayfishMissouri1890Procericambarus
O. illinoiensisShawnee crayfishIllinoisBrown1956Crockerinus
O. immuniscalico crayfishCanada, United States, introduced to Germany1870Trisellescens
O. incomptusTennessee cave crayfishTennesseeHobbs & Barr1972Orconectes
O. indianensisIndiana crayfishIllinois, Indiana1896Faxonius
O. inermisghost crayfish / unarmed crayfishIndiana, KentuckyCope1872Orconectes
O. jeffersoniLouisville crayfishKentuckyRhoades1944Crockerinus
O. jonesiSucarnoochee crayfishAlabama, MississippiFitzpatrick1992Gremicambarus
O. juvenilisKentucky River crayfishIndiana, Kentucky1870Procericambarus
O. kentuckiensisKentucky crayfishIllinois, KentuckyRhoades1944Rhoadesius
O. lancifershrimp crayfishArkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas1870Tragulicambarus
O. leptogonopodusLittle River Creek crayfishArkansas, OklahomaHobbs1948Procericambarus
O. limosusspinycheek crayfishEastern United States, introduced to Western Europe1817Faxonius
O. longidigituslongpincered crayfishArkansas, Missouri1898Procericambarus
O. luteusgolden crayfishArkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Wisconsin1933Procericambarus
O. macrusNeosho midget crayfishArkansas, Missouri, KansasWilliams1952Procericambarus
O. maletaeKisatchie painted crayfishLouisiana, TexasWalls1972Hespericambarus
O. marchandiMammoth Spring crayfishArkansas, MissouriHobbs1948Crockerinus
O. margorectusLivingston crayfishKentuckyTaylor2002Crockerinus
O. mediussaddlebacked crayfishMissouri1884Procericambarus
O. meekiMeek's crayfishArkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma1898Buannulifictus
O. menaeMena crayfishArkansas, Oklahoma1933Procericambarus
O. miruswonderful crayfishAlabama, Tennessee1931Procericambarus
Mississippi crayfishMississippi1884Trisellescens
O. naiswater nymph crayfishKansas, Oklahoma, Texas1885Gremicambarus
O. nanamidget crayfishArkansas, OklahomaWilliams1952Procericambarus
O. neglectusringed crayfishArkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma1885Procericambarus
O. obscurusAllegheny crayfishOntario, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia1870Crockerinus
O. ozarkaeOzark crayfishArkansas, MissouriWilliams1952Procericambarus
O. packardicave crayfishKentuckyRhoades1944Orconectes
O. pageimottled crayfishTennesseeTaylor & Sabaj1997Orconectes
O. palmerigray-speckled crayfishArkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas1884Buannulifictus
O. pardalotusleopard crayfishIllinoisWetzel, Poly & Fetzner2005Procericambarus
O. pellucidusMammoth Cave crayfishKentucky, Tennessee1844Orconectes
O. perfectuscomplete crayfishAlabama, MississippiWalls1972Hespericambarus
O. peruncusBig Creek crayfishMissouri1931Procericambarus
O. placidusbigclaw crayfishAlabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee1870Procericambarus
O. propinquusnorthern clearwater crayfishCanada, Eastern United States1852Crockerinus
O. punctimanusspothanded crayfishArkansas, Missouri1933Procericambarus
O. putnamiphallic crayfishIndiana, Kentucky, Tennessee1884Procericambarus
O. quadruncusSt. Francis River crayfishMissouri1933Procericambarus
O. quinebaugensisQuinebaug River crayfishMassachusettsMatthews & Warren2008Gremicambarus
O. rafinesqueiRough River crayfishKentuckyRhoades1944Crockerinus
O. raymondiNorwood River crayfishOhioThoma & Stocker2009Procericambarus
O. rhoadesifishhook crayfishTennesseeHobbs1949Trisellescens
O. ronaldiMud River crayfishKentuckyTaylor2000Procericambarus
O. rusticusrusty crayfishCanada, United States1852Procericambarus
O. sanborniiSanborn's crayfishKentucky, Ohio, West Virginia1884Crockerinus
O. saxatilisKiamichi crayfishOklahomaBouchard & Bouchard1976Procericambarus
O. sheltaeShelta cave crayfishAlabamaCooper & Cooper1997Orconectes
O. shoupiNashville crayfishTennesseeHobbs1948Crockerinus
O. sloaniiSloan crayfishIndiana, Ohio1876Rhoadesius
O. spinosusCoona River spiny crayfishAlabama, Georgia, Tennessee1877Procericambarus
O. stannardiLittle Wabash crayfishIllinoisPage1985Crockerinus
O. stygocaneyiCaney Mountain cave crayfishMissouriHobbs III2001Orconectes
O. tayloricrescent crayfishTennesseeSchuster2008Trisellescens
O. theaphionensissinkhole crayfishIndianaSimon, Timm & Morris2005Procericambarus
O. tricuspiswestern highland crayfishKentuckyRhoades1944Crockerinus
O. validuspowerful crayfishAlabama, Tennessee1914Trisellescens
O. virginiensisChowanoke crayfishNorth Carolina, VirginiaHobbs1951Crockerinus
O. virilisvirile crayfishCanada, United States, introduced to Mexico and Europe1870Gremicambarus
O. williamsiWilliams crayfishArkansas, MissouriFitzpatrick1966Procericambarus
O. wrightiHardin crayfishTennesseeHobbs1948Faxonius