Stone made his debut in county cricket for his native Norfolk County Cricket Club against Bedfordshire in the 2011 Minor Counties Championship. Having been a part of the Northamptonshire Cricket Academy since 2009, and played Second XI cricket for the county since 2010, Stone made his first team debut for Northamptonshire in a Twenty20 match against Durham in the Friends Provident t20. He was dismissed in the match for a first-ball duck by Paul Collingwood, the third victim of Collingwood's hat-trick. In 2012, Stone made his List A debut for the county against Warwickshire in the Clydesdale Bank 40, and his first-class debut against Yorkshire in the County Championship. Stone would regularly play for Northants through the 2012 season and consequently signed a new 2-year deal with the county in July 2012. Earlier in the season he appeared for Norfolk in two MCCA Knockout Trophy matches against Shropshire and Wiltshire. Early in the 2016 season he suffered a serious knee injury, while celebrating the wicket of Moeen Ali, which caused him to miss the rest of the season. Nonetheless, in July he signed a three-year contract to play for Warwickshire.
International career
Stone, alongside fellow Northants youngster Ben Duckett, was called up to the England Under-19 squad for their tour to South Africa in 2013 on the back of his performances for Northants in the second half of the 2012 season. In September 2018, he was named in England's Test and One Day International squads for the series against Sri Lanka. He made his ODI debut for England against Sri Lanka on 10 October 2018, though the game was washed out after 15 overs before he had a chance to bat or bowl. In December 2018, Stone was named in England's Test squad for the series against the West Indies. However, ahead of the first Test, he was ruled out of the tour with a back injury. His county side, Warwickshire, later confirmed he had a stress fracture in his lower back, which would take six to twelve weeks to heal. In July 2019, Stone was named in England's Test squad, for their one-off match against Ireland at Lord's. He made his Test debut for England, against Ireland, at Lord's on 24 July 2019. On 29 May 2020, Stone was named in a 55-man group of players to begin training ahead of international fixtures starting in England following the COVID-19 pandemic. On 17 June 2020, Stone was included in England's 30-man squad to start training behind closed doors for the Test series against the West Indies. On 4 July 2020, Stone was named as one of the nine reserve players for the first Test match of the series.