Nutuk
Nutuk was a speech delivered by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk from 15 to 20 October 1927, at the second congress of Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi. The speech covered the events between the start of the Turkish War of Independence on 19 May 1919, and the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, in 1923. It is an important source for the study of Kemalism. It took thirty-six hours to be read by Atatürk.
About two-thirds of this speech consists of a series of heavy criticism against the following individuals: Kazım Kara Bekir Pasha, Rauf Bey, Refet Pasha, Mersinli Cemal Pasha, Nureddin Pasha, Kara Vasıf Bey, Zeki Bey, Celaleddin Arif Bey, Cafer Tayyar Pasha, Ali Ihsan Pasha, Bekir Sami Bey, Rıza Nur Bey, Edhem Bey and his brothers, Selahaddin Bey, Hussein Avni Bey, Ali Rıza Pasha, Şerif Pasha, Ahmet Izzet Pasha, and Çürüksulu Mahmud Pasha.
