Niangziguan is a town located in north-east of Pingding County, Shanxi, near the location of the Niangzi Pass and the border with Hebei and situated northeast of the county seat. The pass itself is a famous pass in the Great Wall known as the ninth pass under the heaven. The Village of Niangziguan is also known as "Village of Weize" because it is located next to Mianshui River and the bank of the river is covered with reeds.
Layout
Niangziguan is made up of Big Mouth Village, Small Mouth Village and Village of Niangziguan. These three villages are located end-to-end in either bank of the 2000-meter-long Mianshui River. Most of the villagers are the generations of the soldiers who migrated to guard the pass in Qing Dynasty. There is an old street in the village that begins with the eastern Wenchang Ge and ends with the western Wuying Ge and all the street is covered with slabstones. Most of the houses are old here and one of them is conspicuous with stone lions and flagpoles etc. Local people call it Flagpole and the ancestor is the Xianfeng Emperor's imperial guards and all the things are given by the emperor.
Legend
There are two legends about the background of Niangziguan. The first is that Envy girls Temple is built here to commemorate Jiezitui's sister. The other is that Li Shimin's sister-the Princess Pingyang once led niangzijun to guard the pass, so later generations called it Niangziguan. The latter is accepted by most people and now it has become a conclusion. The vicinity of niangziguan now also remains some legends and cites about Princess Ping Yang.
Customs
Because the village is located alongside the bank of Mianshui River, the levigation is flourished there. The function of the levigation is to make fragrant but it does great harm to the environment so the levigation is banned by the government. It will disappear in the history. Niangziguan is the key point to Shanxi so there is a special custom called Horse Race. On 16 January every year, local people take their horses, asses and mules to gather in Dongzhai Village to circle in a 400-meter-long alley. There is no saddle on the horse and the man who rides the horse raises his hands over his head with his legs clamp the horse. People put a lot of ashes on the street to avoid slipping as well as make the atmosphere active. The aim of the activity is to avoid disease and disaster as well as best wishes for the future.
