Native Community Lands


Native Community Lands, according to Bolivian law, are territories held by indigenous people through collective title. The creation of these territories has been a major goal of Bolivian indigenous movements and a political initiative pursued by both neoliberal and indigenous-identified national governments. TCOs are being included under the Indigenous Originary Campesino Autonomy regime., 60 TCOs had been proposed in the lowlands, of which 12 had completed titling, and 143 had been proposed in the highlands, of which 72 had final titles. More than 16.8 million hectares have been incorporated within Native Community Lands as of 2009, more than 15% of Bolivia's land area.
Titling of indigenous territories was propelled by the March for Territory and Dignity in July and August 1990, organized by the Confederation of Indigenous Peoples of the Bolivian East. This march demanded the recognition of four indigenous territories, which was granted through Supreme Decrees issued on 24 September 1990. State recognition was formalized through the 1993 Agrarian Reform Law, which authorized community land ownership and formalized Native Community Lands as the vehicle for this ownership. Responsibility for verifying and awarding title fell to the National Institute of Agrarian Reform. In the 1994 revision of the Constitution, indigenous rights to exercise "social, economic, and cultural rights" through Native Community Lands were recognized in Article 171. In the 2009 Constitution, Native Community Lands reappear as Indigenous Originary Campesino Territories in Article 403. A study by the Fundación Tierra found that while the Morales government has significantly advanced titling of Native Community Lands, it has resisted ensuring the constitution rights of TCO residents over the management of their territories and resources.
TCOLocationSize
'		Date EstablishedEstablished byIndigenous PeoplesPrevious Status'''
Sirionó Indigenous Territory52,408.71 haSupreme Decree 22609Sirionó
Isiboro Sécure National Park and Indigenous TerritoryCochabamba/Beni Department border1,372,180 haSupreme Decree 22610Trinitario Mojeño, Yuracaré, ChimánNational Park
Multiethnic Indigenous Territory IBeni365,483.26 haSupreme Decree 22611Trinitario Mojeño, Ignaciano Mojeño, Movima, Yuracaré, Tsimané
Chimán Indigenous Territory IBeni337,360.44 haSupreme Decree 22611Tsimané
Pilón Lajas Biosphere Reserve and Communal LandsYungas region, northern La Paz Department and Beni400,000 haSupreme Decree 23110Mosetén, Tsimané, TacanaBiosphere Reserve
Chayantaka Native Community Landsnorth Potosí36,366.79INRA titling completedChayantaka ayllu
Lomerío Chiquitano Indigenous Territory259,188
Supreme Decree 23112
INRA Titling Complete		Chiquitano
Monte Verde Chiquitano Indigenous TerritoryÑuflo de Chávez Province, Santa Cruz947,440.8Titling completed and awardedChiquitano
Araona Indigenous TerritorySupreme Decree 23108
Yuki-Ichilo River Native Community LandsCochabamba
Supreme Decree 23111
INRA Title RTIT00-000006		Yuki, Yuracaré, Trinitario, Movima
Yuracaré Native Community LandsCochabamba241,170.5Yuracaré
Avatiri Ingre Native Community LandsChuquisacaGuaraní
Avatiri Huacareta Native Community LandsChuquisacaGuaraní
Avatiri Ingre Native Community LandsChuquisacaGuaraní
Machareti-Ñancaroinza-Carandayti Native Community LandsChuquisacaGuaraní
Itikaraparirenda Native Community LandsChuquisacaGuaraní
Alto Parapetí Native Community LandsSanta CruzGuaraníRanches with Guaraní in conditions of servitude
Nor Lípez Native Community LandsNor Lípez Province, Potosí2,000,291INRA titling completedCentral Única Provincial de Comunidades Originarias de Nor Lípez
Jatun Ayllu-Juchuy Ayllu-Chaupi Ayllu Native Community LandsSur Lípez Province, Potosí1,557,532INRA titling completedJatun Ayllu, Juchuy Ayllu, Chaupi Ayllu indigenous communities
Enrique Baldivieso Native Community LandsEnrique Baldivieso Province, Potosí227,003INRA titling completedCentral Única de la Provincia de Comunidades Originarias Enrique Baldivieso