National Institutional Ranking Framework
The National Institutional Ranking Framework is a methodology adopted by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The Framework was approved by the MHRD and launched by Minister of Human Resource Development on 29 September 2015. There are separate rankings for different types of institutions depending on their areas of operation like universities and colleges, engineering institutions, management institutions, pharmacy institutions and architecture institutions. The Framework uses several parameters for ranking purposes like resources, research, and stakeholder perception. These parameters have been grouped into five clusters and these clusters were assigned certain weightages. The weightages depend on the type of institution. About 3500 institutions voluntarily participated in the first round of rankings.
The 2017 ranked lists were released by MHRD on 3 April 2017. While in its first rankings released in 2016, NIRF had four categories, in 2017, two more categories namely, Overall and College, were added. Around 3,000 institutions participated in the rankings.
On April 3, 2018, the 2018 NIRF rankings were released which witnessed an increase in the number of participating institutions.
The NIRF ranking for 2019 was released on April 8, 2019 in 9 categories which included Overall, Universities, Engineering, Colleges, Management, Pharmacy, Medical, Architecture, and Law.
For the 2020 rankings, around 3,800 institutions participated in the process, which was 20 percent more than that in 2019. The 2020 ranked lists were released by MHRD on June 11, 2020. For the first time, the Dental institutes were placed under a different ranking list.
Formation
MHRD organized a one-day workshop on 21 August 2014 on evolving methodologies for the ranking of institutions of higher education in India. The meeting resolved to constitute a Committee for evolving a National Ranking Framework. Later it was also decided to co-opt representatives of central universities and IIMs also into the proposed committee. Based on these decisions, a core committee consisting of 16 members was constituted on 29 October 2014 with secretary, MHRD, as member-secretary. The other members were the directors of the IIT's at Kharagpur and Madras, the vice-chancellors of Delhi University, EFL University, Central University of Gujarat and JNU, directors of the IIM's at Ahmedabad and Bangalore, directors of school of planning and architecture, NIT Trichy, NIT Warangal, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology & Management , IISER, NAAC and chairperson of NBA.The terms of reference of the committee were:
- Suggest a National Framework for performance measurement and ranking of
- Institutions;
- Programmes;
- Suggest the organizational structure, institutional mechanism and processes for implementation along with time-lines of the National Ranking Framework.
- Suggest a mechanism for financing of the Scheme on National Ranking Framework.
- Suggest linkages with National Assessment and Accreditation Council and National Board of Accreditation, if any.
Member of the core committee.
The University Grants Commission constituted an expert committee on 9 October 2015 to develop a framework for the ranking of universities and colleges in India and the framework developed by this expert committee has been incorporated into NIRF. The core committee also suggested a framework for ranking institutions offering management education also. The All India Council for Technical Education developed parameters and metrics for ranking institutions offering pharmacy education and also architecture education.
Recommendations of the core committee
The following are some of the recommendations of the core committee:- The metrics for ranking of engineering institutions should be based on the parameters agreed upon by the core committee.
- The parameters have been organized into five broad heads or groups and each group has been divided into suitable sub-groups. Each broad head has an overall weight assigned to it. Within each head, the sub-heads should also have appropriate weight distributions.
- A suitable metric has been proposed which computes a score under each sub-head. The sub-head scores are then added to obtain scores for each individual head. The overall score is computed-based on the weights allotted to each head. The overall score can take a maximum value of 100.
- The committee recommended the classification of institutions into two categories:
Parameters and their weightages
Engineering, management, pharmacy and architecture institutions
The approved set of parameter groups and the weightages assigned to them in respect of institutions offering progrtammes in engineering, management, pharmacy and architecture are given in the following table.| Parameters | Category A institutions | Category B institutions |
| Teaching, learning and resources | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Research, professional practice and collaborative performance | 0.30 | 0.20 |
| Graduation outcome | 0.15 | 0.25 |
| Outreach and inclusivity | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Perception | 0.10 | 0.10 |
Overall and colleges
The approved set of parameter groups and the weightages assigned to them in respect of overall rating and for colleges are given in the following table, for 2018.| Parameters | Overall | Colleges |
| Teaching, learning and resources | 0.30 | 0.40 |
| Research, productivity, impact and IPR | 0.30 | 0.15 |
| Graduation outcome | 0.20 | 0.25 |
| Outreach and inclusivity | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Perception | 0.10 | 0.10 |
Criticism
The list was criticised for being incomplete, incoherent and bordering on the random.Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi raised objection on NIRF ranking, accusing it of being based on incomplete data.