Nabaneeta Dev Sen was an Indian writer and academic. After studying arts and comparative literature, she moved to US where she studied further. She returned to India and taught at several universities and institutes as well as served on various positions in literary institutes. She published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. She was awarded the Padma Shri in 2000 and the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1999.
Early life and education
Dev Sen was born in Calcutta into a Bengali family on 13 January 1938. She was the only child of the poet-couple Narendra Dev and Radharani Devi, who wrote under pen name Aparajita Devi. She was given her name by Rabindranath Tagore. Her childhood experiences included World War II air raids, seeing people starving in the Bengal famine of 1943, and the impact of large numbers of refugees arriving in Calcutta after the partition of India. She attended Gokhale Memorial Girls' School and Lady Brabourne College. She received her BA in English from Presidency University, Calcutta, and was a student of inaugural batch of the Department of Comparative Literature at Jadavpur University, from where she obtained her MA in 1958. She obtained another MA in comparative literature from Harvard University in 1961 and went on to receive a doctorate from Indiana University in 1964.
Personal life
In 1959, she married Amartya Sen, an economist and academician and then a Lecturer of Economics at the Jadavpur University, who would be awarded the Nobel prize four decades later and who was also christened by Rabindranath Tagore. She moved to Britain with him and they became the parents of two daughters, Antara Dev Sen and Nandana Sen. She then completed her post-doctoral research at the University of California at Berkeley and Newnham College, Cambridge University. After her divorce in 1976, she returned to Calcutta with her daughters. She had one adopted daughter Srabasti Basu. Her hobbies included reading, records, and travelling. In addition to Bengali and English, she could read Hindi, Oriya, Assamese, French, German, Greek, Sanskrit, and Hebrew.
Career
Dev Sen was a writer in residence at several international artists' colonies, including Yaddo and MacDowell Colony in the United States; Bellaggio in Italy; and the Mishkenot Sha'ananim in Jerusalem. She delivered the Radhakrishnan Memorial Lecture series at Oxford University on epic poetry. She was a visiting professor and a visiting creative writer at several universities including Harvard, Cornell, Columbia, Chicago, Humboldt, Universities of Toronto, British Columbia, Melbourne, New South Wales, and El Collegio de Mexico. She held the Maytag Chair of Creative Writing and Comparative Literature at Colorado College, 1988–1989. She represented herself and India in many international conferences, both academic and literary, and at the Festival of India USA in 1986. She held important executive positions in international academic bodies like the International Comparative Literature Association, and the International Association of Semiotic and Structural Studies. She was the chief editor of Bengali in the Macmillan's Modern Indian Novels in English Translation series. Dev Sen was the Vice-President of the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad, an academy for Bengali literature. She was the founder and president of West Bengal Women Writers' Association. She was the founder secretary and later Vice-President of the Indian National Comparative Literature Association. She was a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain. She was a member of the Advisory Board for Bengali, Sahitya Akademi from 1978 to 1982, as well as the Member and Convenor, Bharatiya Jnanpith Award Language Advisory Committee from 1975 to 1990. In 2002, Dev Sen retired as Professor of Comparative Literature at Jadavpur University, Calcutta. She worked with the treatment of women in world epics; she wrote several short stories presenting Sita in a different way from how she appears in the Ramayana). From 2003 to 2005, Dev Sen was the J. P. Naik Distinguished Fellow at the Centre of Women's Development Studies in New Delhi. She was a University Grants Commission Senior Fellow at University of Delhi.
Literary career
Dev Sen published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. Her first collection of poems Pratham Pratyay was published in 1959. Her second poetry collection Swagato Debdoot was published 12 years later. Her first novel Ami Anupam was published in 1976 in the Puja Issue of the Ananda Bazar Patrika. It is about urban middle class intellectuals leading the youth in revolution and later contradict them during the Naxalite movement. Dev Sen dealt with a wide variety of social, political, psychological problems like the role of the intellectuals in the Naxalite movement, the identity crisis of Indian writing in English, that of second generation non-resident Indians, breakdown of the joint family, life in old age homes, homosexuality, facing AIDS, child abuse, obsession, and uprootedness. Her first short story collection was Monsieur Hulor Holiday. Her essays, such as Nati Nabanita are considered the best of her prose writing by critic Sanjukta Gupta. Her best-selling Karuna Tomar Kon Path Diye has an account of a solo woman on pilgrimage to Kumbh Mela. Her travelogue Truck Bahoney Mac Mahoney depicts her ride on a ration truck across northeast India and Tibet in 1977. Her other notable works included Bama-bodhini, Srestha kabita, and Sita theke suru''. She was a well-known children's author in Bengali for her fairy tales and adventure stories, with girls as protagonist, having first written for children in 1979.
Recognition
Dev Sen received many national and international awards and honours, including: Gouridevi Memorial Award, Mahadevi Verma Award, Celli Award from Rockefeller Foundation, Sarat Award from Bhagalpur University of Bihar, Prasad Puraskar, Sahitya Akademi Award. She has also received Rabindra Puraskar, Kabir Samman, Samskriti Award, Kamal Kumari National Award, Mystic Kalinga Literary Award, and the Big Little Book Award for children's literature in 2017, when the award focused on Bengali writing. She was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award by the Government of India.
Death
She died on 7 November 2019 in Kolkata following cancer.
