N-localizer


The N-localizer or N-bar is a device that enables guidance of stereotactic surgery or radiosurgery using tomographic images that are obtained via computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or positron emission tomography. The N-localizer comprises a diagonal rod that spans two vertical rods to form an N-shape and permits calculation of the point where a tomographic image plane intersects the diagonal rod. Attaching three N-localizers to a stereotactic instrument allows calculation of three points where a tomographic image plane intersects three diagonal rods. These points determine the spatial orientation of the tomographic image plane relative to the stereotactic frame.
The N-localizer is integrated with the Brown-Roberts-Wells, Kelly-Goerss, Leksell, Cosman-Roberts-Wells, Micromar-ETM03B, FiMe-BlueFrame, Macom, and Adeor-Zeppelin stereotactic frames and with the Gamma Knife radiosurgery system.
An alternative to the N-localizer is the Sturm-Pastyr localizer or V-bar that comprises three rods wherein two diagonal rods form a V-shape and a third, vertical rod is positioned midway between the two diagonal rods. The Sturm-Pastyr localizer is integrated with the Riechert-Mundinger and Zamorano-Dujovny stereotactic frames.
Compared to the N-localizer, the Sturm-Pastyr localizer is less accurate and necessitates more elaborate calculations to determine the spatial orientation of the tomographic image plane relative to the stereotactic frame. In contrast to the N-localizer that does not require specification of the pixel size in a tomographic image, the Sturm-Pastyr localizer requires precise specification of the pixel size.

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