Mother Nature


Mother Nature is a Greco-Roman personification of nature that focuses on the life-giving and nurturing aspects of nature by embodying it, in the form of the mother.

European tradition history

The word "nature" comes from the Latin word, "natura", meaning birth or character. In English, its first recorded use was in 1266. "Natura" and the personification of Mother Nature were widely popular in the Middle Ages. As a concept, seated between the properly divine and the human, it can be traced to Ancient Greece, though Earth may have been personified as a goddess. The Norse also had a goddess called Jord.
The earliest written usage is in Mycenaean Greek: Ma-ka, "Mother Gaia", written in Linear B syllabic script. In Greece, the pre-Socratic philosophers had "invented" nature when they abstracted the entirety of phenomena of the world as singular: physis, and this was inherited by Aristotle. Later medieval Christian thinkers did not see nature as inclusive of everything, but thought that she had been created by God; her place lay on earth, below the unchanging heavens and moon. Nature lay somewhere in the center, with agents above her, and below her. For the medieval mind she was only a personification, not a goddess.

Greek myth

In Greek mythology, Persephone, daughter of Demeter, was abducted by Hades, and taken to the underworld as his queen. Demeter was so distraught that no crops would grow and the "entire human race have perished of cruel, biting hunger if Zeus had not been concerned". Zeus forced Hades to return Persephone to her mother, but while in the underworld, Persephone had eaten pomegranate seeds, the food of the dead and thus, she must spend part of each year with Hades in the underworld. Demeter's grief for her daughter in the realm of the dead, is reflected in the barren winter months and her joy when Persephone returns is reflected in the bountiful summer months.

Ancient Rome

Roman Epicurean poet Lucretius opens his didactic poem De rerum natura by addressing Venus as a veritable mother of nature. Lucretius uses Venus as "a personified symbol for the generative aspect of nature". This largely has to do with the nature of Lucretius' work, which presents a nontheistic understanding of the world that eschews superstition.

Indigenous peoples of America

legend says that "beneath the clouds lives the Earth-Mother from whom is derived the Water of Life, who at her bosom feeds plants, animals and human". She is otherwise known as Nokomis, the Grandmother.
In Inca mythology, Mama Pacha or Pachamama is a fertility goddess who presides over planting and harvesting. Pachamama is usually translated as "Mother Earth" but a more literal translation would be "Mother Universe". Pachamama and her husband, Inti, are the most benevolent deities and are worshiped in parts of the Andean mountain ranges.
In her book Coateteleco, pueblo indígena de pescadores, Teódula Alemán Cleto states, En nuestra cultura prehipánica el respeto y la fe a nuestra madre naturaleza fueron primordiales para vivir en plena armonía como seres humanos.

Southeast Asia

In the Mainland Southeast Asian countries of Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, earth is personified as Phra Mae Thorani, but her role in Buddhist mythology differs considerably from that of Mother Nature. In the Malay Archipelago, that role is filled by Dewi Sri, .

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