Molecular breeding


Molecular breeding is the application of molecular biology tools, often in plant breeding and animal breeding
The areas of molecular breeding include:

Marker assisted breeding

; Genotyping and creating molecular maps - genomics
Development of SNPs has revolutionized the molecular breeding process as it helps to create dense markers. Another area that is developing is .
; Phenotyping - phenomics
; QTL mapping or association mapping
; Marker assisted selection or genetic selection
; Marker-assisted backcrossing
; Marker-assisted recurrent selection
; Genomic selection

Genetic transformation or Genetic engineering

Transfer of genes make it possible for horizontal transfer of genes from one organism to another. Thus plants can receive genes from humans or algae or any other organism. This provides limitless opportunity in breeding crop plants.