The People's Commissariat of the Tank Industry was created 11 September 1941 on the basis of People's Commissariat of Middle Engineering Industry in conjunction with those of large losses of tanks in World War II. Similar commissariats existed at that time in other areas of the defense industry, such as aviation and NKTP was organized similarly. NKTP became one of the largest industrial ministries of the USSR. It consisted of a series of industrial giants, employing over 10,000 people each. In total, during the war in his factories employed thousands 200,000 – 250,000 people. At the end of 1941, NKTP forming process has been completed. In the first stage the main task was the sharp rise NKTP production of tanks. During 1942 a significant reduction in the complexity of the production T-34. In this way, Works No. 183, it declined by 22%, while Works No. 112 – 40%. Great importance for the development of the production of tanks were also changes in their structure. However, to simplify design and production process led to a decrease in reliability, so in the summer of 1942, major efforts were directed NKTP designers to simplify the production technology to improve the reliability of the tanks. Activities NKTP in the initial period of war can be described as a success story of Soviet production of tanks, which in quantitative terms, grew much faster than the production of tanks in Germany and occupied countries. Thus, in the Soviet Union in 1942 produced 24,504 tanks and self-propelled guns in Germany — only 6,189 in 1943 – 24,006 In 1944 – 28,983, in the first half of 1945 – 15,422. October 14, 1945 the People's Commissariat of the Tank Industry of the USSR was renamed the People's Commissariat of Transport Machine-Building Industry of the USSR. From 1946 – Ministry of Transport Machine-Building Industry of the USSR.
Factories under the ministry
The company incorporated NKTP with experience in the production of tanks since 1930:
Kharkov – Works No. 183 → V.A. Malyshev Kharkov Institute of Transport Machine-Building Industry, producing medium tanks T-34. This facility was also sometimes called the Kharkov Transport Engineering Plant, and was one of two plants building the Kharkovchanka Antarctic Cruisers after the mid-1950s.
Stalingrad – Works No. 75 → Barrikady Works, which produces diesel engines for tanks
Moscow – the plant is 37, a light flying T-40 tanks
Mariupol – Ilyich Mariupol Works, housings for the T-34
Podolsk – Ordzhonikidze Podolsk Works, armored hulls for tanks T-40
Since the beginning of September 1941 the majority of plants being taken over by the Germans, while the composition of NKTP includes businesses located in the eastern regions of the USSR. They evacuated facilities, such as
Kirov Works took Cheliabinsk Tractor Works,
Works No. 183 – Ural Car Building Works in Nizhny Tagil,
Department of the Kirov Engine Works – Ural Turbine Works in Sverdlovsk,
Izhorsk Works – Ural Works of Heavy Engineering Industry in Sverdlovsk,
