Rej was born into a noble family at Żurawno, near Halicz. His father Stanisław, "a pious, honourable, and quiet man", had, moved to Ruthenia from Nagłowice, near Kraków at the invitation of archbishop Jan Wątróbka. His mother, Barbara Herburt, married Rej's father there as his second wife. Although young Rej received little formal education in Lwów, and, at the age of 13 attended but one year at the Kraków Academy, he managed to educate himself by studying Latin literature. In approximately 1524, Rej began his service at the court of voivode Andrzej Tęczyński in Sandomierz. There, he acquired most of his vast knowledge inthe field of humanities. He returned to his family's town of Topola and married Zofia Kosnówna. In 1531 Rej moved to Kobyle, in the Chełm area, which had been bequeathed to his wife, and thereafter, he frequented the court of HetmanMikołaj Sieniawski. In either 1541 or 1548, Rej converted to Calvinism. He took part in synods and founded Protestant schools and communities on his lands. Rej took part in sejms and thought his writing an important social mission. He was the first Polish writer to receive a substantial reward for his output. By the end of his life, he owned several villages and oversaw many. He received :uk:Темирівці|Temerowce from King Zygmunt I the Old, and Dziewięciele from King Zygmunt II August as a lifelong possession and two towns, one of them Rejowiec, founded by Rej in 1547. Living during the Golden Liberty embraced by the Polish nobility, tolerance characterized his oversight and this philosophy was carried on by his sons. Rej died at Rejowiec in 1569. On the five-hundredth anniversary of his birth, Mikolaj Rej was described as a "father of Polish literature", and it also was noted that his grandson, Andrzej Rej, royal secretary and Calvinist, is Mikolaj's most prominent offspring. That grandson may be the subject of the 1637 painting by Rembrandt, A Polish Nobleman.
Works
In 1543 Rej debuted as a writer, under the pen name "Ambroży Korczbok Rożek," with his most famous book, A Brief Discussion among Three Persons: a Lord, a Commune Chief, and a Priest. Rej's works touch on a large array of matters. He authored prose works that described the ideal of the Polish nobleman, criticized the Catholic Church, and showed a genuine solicitude for his country. His prose syntax is strongly influenced by Latin style. His poetic meter discloses a deliberate effort to impart to the medieval metrical model with which he was so familiar, a regularity that it lacked. Rej's works include:
Krótka rozprawa między trzema osobami: Panem, Wójtem i Plebanem, written under the pen name, Ambroży Korczbok Rożek
Żywot Józefa.
Żywot Człowieka Poczciwego
Kupiec
Zwierzyniec
Zwierciadło, incorporating the three-book prose Wizerunek własny żywota człowieka poczciwego
In commemoration of the five-hundredth anniversary of the birth of Mikołaj Rej, Poland's Sejm declared 2005 to be the Year of Mikołaj Rej. In 1994–97, Rej's descendant and namesake, Nicholas Andrew Rey, served as American Ambassador to Poland.
