The family descends from the medieval independent rulers of the Meshchera tribe. Their title of prince was confirmed by the Emperor Paul I of Russia on 30 June 1798. According to the Velvet Book of the 17th century, Bakhmet Husein, the Prince of Shirin, after some disagreement in the Great Horde, moved to Volga region and later conquered the land of Meschera in 1298. He had a son by the name of Beklemish who in Andreev Gorodok was baptized as Mikhail. Mikhail later build the temple of Transfiguration and along with oneself baptised a number of people. His descendants until 1398 kept as their own the Meschera domain. A grandson of Beklemish, Yuriy Fedorovich, joined with his regiment the Great Prince of MoscowDmitriy Donskoy at the Kulikovo Battle. In the 16–17th centuries many princes of Meschera were polk or grad voivodes. The family was somewhat arbitrarily grouped in documentation together with Tatar princely families of the Russian Empire. The neighboring Tatar kingdom subjugated lords of the Meshchera tribe under its suzerainty, and some of them converted to Islam and bore Muslim-like first names; but soon, under Russian subjugation, subsequent generations converted to the Eastern Orthodox faith and used Slavic Christian names. The family was listed in the first part of the Registers of the Nobility of Russia, which became formalized in the 19th century or earlier. The book Notice sur les principales familles de la Russie does not mention the Meshchersky family at all, which may be attributable to the well-established animosity towards the Meshcherskys of its author, Prince Pyotr Vladimirovich Dolgorukov.
Prince Ivan Sergeyevich Meshchersky m. to Sophia Sergeyevna Vsevolojskaya
Prince Vassili Ivanovich Meshchersky
* Prince Boris Vassilovich
** Prince Boris
** Prince Alexis
** Prince Serge
*Prince Alexandre Vassilovich
*Prince Ivan Vassilovich
* Prince Serge Vassilovich
* Prince Vassili Vassilovich
*Princess Elena Vassilievna Meshcherskaya m. Calixt Gustav Hermann Biron von Curland
* Prince Nicolas Vassilovich
** Prince Serge Nicolaevich
** Prince Ivan Nicolaevich
** Prince Nicolas Nicolaevich
** Prince Peter Nicolaevich
*** Prince Kirill Petrovich
*** Princess Tatjana Petrovna
Prince Peter Ivanovich Meshchersky m. Princess Ekaterina Mikhailovna Karamzine
*Prince Nicolas Petrovich Meshchersky, m. countess Maria Alexandrovna Panina
**Princess Ekaterina Nicolaievna
**Prince Alexander Nicolaevich Meshchersky
**Princess Alexandra Nikolaievna Meshcherskaya. B. in Moscow 28 September 1864, d. in Budapest 7 July 1941. M. in Dugino 29 June 1887 to Prince Pavel Pavlovich Galitzine.
**Princess Maria Nicolaievna Meshcherskaya, b. 10 April 1866 at St. Petersburg, m. count Nicolas Mikhailovitch Tolstoy and died in Asnières, France 30 October 1948.
**Princess Sonja Nicolaievna Meshcherskaya m. Boris Wassiltchilkoff.
**Prince Peter Nicolaevich Meshchersky, m. Vera von Struve, daughter of Karl von Struve
***Prince Nicolas Petrovich Meshchersky, m. Berlin 12 January 1948 to Yvonne Claire Marie Amélie Leroux
****Prince Piotr Nicolaevich Meshchersky m. Saint-Michel-en-Brenne 8 June 1973 to Caroline Marie Paule Sophie Lebaudy
*****Prince Nikolai Alexander Maria Petrovich Meshchersky m. to Laurie Callier
*****Prince Kirill Petrovich Meshchersky
*****Princess Sophie Petrovna Meshscherskaya
***Prince Kyrill Petrovich Meshchersky, m. in Paris 1944 to Maria Januaria Baffa
***Prince Nikita Petrovich Meshchersky m. Antoinette de Guéhéneuc de Boishüe
***Princess Marina Petrovna Meshcherskaya m. count Michael Vorontsov-Dashkoff count Ivan Schuvaloff