Martha Gladys Chávez Cossío de Ocampo is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. A historical and prominent figure of Fujimorism, she has served in Congress from 1995 to 2006 and from 2011 to 2016, currently running for fifth term in order to finish the 2016–2021 interrupted by the dissolution of Congress. She was the Fujimorist presidential nomineee who ran unsuccessfully for president in the 2006 presidential elections on the Alliance for the Future ticket.
Chávez was first elected to Congress in 1992. She was suspended from active duty as a congresswoman in June 2001 due to charges of corruption. From 1998 to 2004, she was secretary-general, from 2004 to 2011 chairwoman of the fujimoristNew Majority party.
"La Cantuta" Investigation
One of her most controversial actions as congresswoman happened while the La Cantuta massacre case was making headlines in Peru. During the investigations and legal procedures, it was revealed that at least 10 people were kidnapped and killed by the Peruvian military. Chávez responded by introducing a law that prohibited the judicial powers from calling low-level military officials to testify in court cases. The resolution passed after opposition lawmakers walked out of Congress in protest. The case was dismissed on the pretext that because the location of the bodies of the murdered students and professors was unknown, the courts had no way of knowing if they ever actually existed. Chávez stated that the students must have staged their own kidnapping. Soon afterwards, a journalist was anonymously sent a map of the locations of the bodies. After the unmarked graves were uncovered in the site provided on the map, Chávez responded by suggesting that the journalist be jailed because, by uncovering the graves, he had tampered with a crime scene.
"Ley Colán"
Chávez introduced the controversial "Ley Colán" which mandates that in the event of a tie in the Democratic Constitutional Congress, seniority would be used to determine the winner. The Constitutional Democratic Congress had recently come to a tie as to whether or not the Attorney General, Blanca Nelida Colán, could serve a second term despite a constitutional provision that explicitly mandated that the position be filled by the Prosecutor's Board. Because those who voted for Colán to fill the position had the most seniority, Chávez's bill effectively handed Colán the position.. Colán was later imprisoned for corruption.
Chávez controversially characterized the judges on the Inter-American Court of Human Rights as leftist terrorist-sympathizers.
2000 Presidential elections
During the 2000 elections in Peru, Chávez suggested that Fujimori would dissolve Congress if Peru 2000 did not win a majority of seats. She also said that she could not rule out a fourth election of Fujimori, despite the fact that the Constitution of Peru which was written in part by Chávez herself allows presidents to be elected no more than twice in a row. Indeed, Chávez had earlier promised that Fujimori would not run in the 2000 elections.
Presidential Candidate
In addition to Alliance for the Future, Chávez is also affiliated with Alberto Fujimori's Sí Cumple party. While Chávez backed Fujimori's own bid for the presidency, she decided to run a separate campaign after the National Jury of Elections banned Fujimori's name from the ballot, citing a political and congressional ban on his participation in Peruvian politics until 2011. Her running-mate in the election was Santiago Fujimori, Alberto Fujimori's brother. She was never expected to win in the election, and came in fourth place after receiving 7.4% of the vote.
Post 2006 political career
Chávez remains a visible spokeswoman for the Alliance for the Future ticket and for Fujimorismo in general. After a band of Fujimori sympathizers held a guard at gunpoint and heavily damaged the "Ojo Que Llora", a memorial to the victims of Peru's Internal War that included the names of victims of government death squads that operated under Fujimori such as Grupo Colina, Chávez said that she applauded the attack, and called the memorial "a garbage monument". In the 2011 parliamentary election she was elected to the Congress on the Fuerza 2011 list, representing Lima for the 2011–2016 term.
