M10 highway (Russia)


The M10 is a federal highway in Russia connecting the country's two largest cities, Moscow and Saint Petersburg. Other than in the vicinity of Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the M10 is basically a two-lane highway, with an occasional third centre lane to allow overtaking or for left-turning traffic at intersections.

History

The highway Moscow - Tver - Novgorod existed even before the founding of Saint Petersburg. Along the way there were special checkpoints in particular Yedrovo, Valday, Yazhelbitsy, Krestsy, and Bronnitsa. The first road, long, in this area was built by order of Peter the Great from 1712 to 1746. The construction of this road was run by an office that formed for this purpose. After the completion of the road in 1755, it was transformed into the Office of the structure of public roads and later was known as the Commission on the Roads in the State.

Route

Moscow to Saint Petersburg

The distance from Moscow to St. Petersburg by M10 is approximately 700 km.
The route runs through or near the cities and settlements of Khimki, Zelenograd, Solnechnogorsk, Klin, Tver, Torzhok, Vyshny Volochyok, Valdai, Kresttsy, Veliky Novgorod, Chudovo, Tosno and reaches the city border of Saint Petersburg in Pushkinsky District. It is known as "Russia" highway and is part of European route E105.
In Moscow, the Leningrad Highway, begins from a junction of Leningradsky Prospekt avenue with the Volokolamsk Highway To the Moscow centre, the avenue continues into 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street and then Tverskaya Street to Manege Square in the heart of the city.
The 'unofficial' end of the highway is since the Tsars' era commonly considered to be the Central Post Office of Saint Petersburg. Actually the Moscow Highway begins from the Victory Square in Moskovsky raion in the southern part of the city and Moskovsky Prospekt avenue which begins in the city centre on Sennaya Square, connects the highway with the centre of Saint Petersburg.
The 4 lane toll road parallel to M10 was finished on 27 November 2019. Most parts were opened on 27 November 2019.

Saint Petersburg to the border with Finland

From Saint Petersburg city centre to the Finnish border the distance is approximately 210 km. The route section between Saint Petersburg, and the border with Finland is known as the "Scandinavia" highway and has officially been renamed to route A181, though the designation M10 stayed valid until 31 December 2017 as well. This section is a part of the European route E18. News about the plans to expand this route section to a motorway with three lanes in each direction came out in August 2011.

Characteristics

Temperature range is almost unchanged: the annual average temperature throughout the section of the path may vary between 2 and 4 °C, the average temperature in January is -11 °C, in July +19 °C.
The road crosses the river Sister, Volga , Msta, Volkhov, etc. bridges longer than 50 m have a capacity of 60-80 tons. In Tver region, there are bridges with carrying capacity of 40 tons.
The road has from 2 to 10 lanes. Width of the carriageway on the main stretch of road 8–11 meters.
High-speed mode : 30 km / h to 90 km / h. However, on a segment on the territory of Moscow and Moscow region regular flow rate exceeds the allowable limit by 30–50 km / h. In general, the M -10 is considered as full of accidents and stressful. Large flow of freight transport.