Locomotives of the London and North Eastern Railway
The London and North Eastern Railway produced several classes of locomotive, mostly to the designs of Nigel Gresley, characterised by a three-cylinder layout with a parallel boiler and round-topped firebox. It produced the most iconic locomotive of its day, 4468 'Mallard', the holder of the world steam locomotive speed record. It also built the world-famous 4472 'Flying Scotsman'. However, its locomotive inheritance was much greater than just the 'A4 Class', it also produced highly successful mixed-traffic and freight designs.
- For an explanation of the classification and numbering systems used by the LNER and its constituent companies, see: LNER locomotive numbering and classification.
Locomotives of constituent companies
[Great Central Railway]
Including the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway[Richard Peacock] (1846–1854)
G. Craig">W. [Metropolitan Railway G Class">G. Craig] (1854–1859)
[Charles Sacré] (1859–1886)
Thomas Parker">Thomas Parker (engineer)">Thomas Parker (1886–1893)
Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt (engineer)">Harry Pollitt (1893–1900)
John G. Robinson (1900–22)
see John G. Robinson| Class | Wheel arrangement | Quantity | Manufacturer | Date | LNER Class | 1946 LNER nos. | Notes |
| 8C | 4-6-0 | 2 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1903–04 | 1479–80 | later LNER Class B18 | |
| 1 | 4-6-0 | 6 | Gorton Works | 1912–13 | 1490–93 | "Sir Sam Fay" class; later LNER Class B19 | |
| 9P | 4-6-0 | 6 | Gorton Works | 1917–20 | 1494–99 | "Lord Faringdon" class | |
| 8F | 4-6-0 | 10 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1906 | 1481–89 | "Immingham" class | |
| 8 | 4-6-0 | 14 | Neilson & Co. Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1902–04 | 1678–90 | "Fish Engines" | |
| 8N | 4-6-0 | 3 | Gorton Works | 1918–21 | 1346–48 | ||
| 9Q | 4-6-0 | 38 | Gorton Works Vulcan Foundry Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1921–23 | 1360–97 | Known as both the "Black Pigs" and the "Colliers' Friends" | |
| 1A | 4-6-0 | 11 | Gorton Works | 1913–15 | 1349–59 | "Glenalmond" class | |
| 8G | 4-6-0 | 10 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1906 | 1469–78 | ||
| 8B/8J | 4-4-2 | 27 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. North British Loco. Co. Gorton Works | 1903–06 | 2900–25 | ||
| 8D/8E | 4-4-2 | 4 | Gorton Works | 1905–06 | 2895–98 | Three-cylinder compounds | |
| 11B/11C/11D | 4-4-0 | 40 | Sharp, Stewart & Co. Vulcan Foundry | 1901–04 | 2300–33 | ||
| 11E | 4-4-0 | 10 | Gorton Works | 1913 | 2650–59 | "Director" class | |
| 11F | 4-4-0 | 35 | Armstrong Whitworth Gorton Works Kitson & Co. | 1919–24 | 2660–94 | "Improved Director" class | |
| 9J | 0-6-0 | 174 | Neilson, Reid & Co. Beyer, Peacock & Co. Gorton Works Vulcan Foundry Yorkshire Engine Co. | 1901–10 | 4280–4453 | ||
| 8K | 2-8-0 | 126 | Gorton Works Kitson & Co. North British Loco. Co. | 1911–14 | 3570–3900 | Another 521 built for the government, of which 276 later came to the LNER. 58 converted to “” between 1944 and 1952 | |
| 8M | 2-8-0 | 19 | Gorton Works | 1918–21 | 3902–3920 | All eventually converted to "O4" | |
| 8A | 0-8-0 | 89 | Gorton Works Kitson & Co. Neilson, Reid & Co. | 1902–11 | 3200–43, 9925–37 | 13 converted to tanks by LNER 1942–45 | |
| 9N | 4-6-2T | 21 | Gorton Works | 1911–17 | 9800–20 | 24 more built by LNER 1923–26 | |
| 9K | 4-4-2T | 40 | Gorton Works Vulcan Foundry | 1903–05 | 7400–39 | ||
| 9L | 4-4-2T | 12 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1907 | 7440–51 | ||
| 4 | 0-6-0ST | 1 | Hudswell Clarke | 1909 | — | Acquired 1911 | |
| 5A | 0-6-0T | 7 | Gorton Works | 1906–14 | 8204–10 | ||
| 1B | 2-6-4T | 20 | Gorton Works | 1914–17 | 9050–69 | LNER class L3 from 1945; first standard gauge locomotive of its wheel arrangement in Britain | |
| 8H | 0-8-4T | 4 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1907–08 | 9900–05 | Two more built by LNER in 1932 |
There were also 3 steam rail cars built in 1904–1905. These were withdrawn in 1914.
Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway
The Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway was absorbed by the Great Central Railway on 1 January 1907. All LD&ECR locomotives were built by Kitson & Co.| Class | Wheel arrangement | Quantity | Date | LNER Class | Notes |
| A | 0-6-2T | 18 | 1895–1900 | N6 | LDEC Nos. 1–8, 19–28. Five more that had been ordered were sold by Kitson's to the Hull and Barnsley Railway |
| B | 0-6-0T | 4 | 1897 | J60 | LDEC Nos. 9–12 |
| C | 0-4-4T | 6 | 1897–1898 | G3 | LDEC Nos. 13–18 |
| D | 0-6-4T | 9 | 1904–06 | M1 | LDEC Nos. 29–34, A1–13; GCR 1148–1153, 1145–47 |
[Great Eastern Railway]
[Great [North of Scotland Railway]]
In 1923 the Great North of Scotland Railway passed on a total of 122 locomotives, 100 4-4-0 tender locomotives and 22 tank engines, all capable of being used on either passenger or goods trains, to the LNER.| Locomotive superintendent | GNoSR Class | LNER class | Quantity Built | Passed to LNER | Wheel arrangement | Manufacturer | Date introduced | Date withdrawn | Notes | |
| William Cowan | K | D47/2 | 6 | 3 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1866 | 1921–25 | ||
| William Cowan | L | D47/1 | 6 | 6 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1876 | 1924–26 | ||
| William Cowan | M | D45 | 9 | 9 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1878 | 1925–32 | ||
| William Cowan | C | D39 | 3 | 3 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1879 | 1925–27 | ||
| James Manson | A | D44 | 6 | 6 | 4-4-0 | Kitson & Co. | 1884 | 1924–32 | ||
| James Manson | G | D48 | 3 | 3 | 4-4-0 | Kitson & Co. | 1885 | 1928–34 | ||
| James Manson | D | J90 | 6 | 6 | 0-6-0T | Kitson & Co. | 1884 | 1932–36 | ||
| James Manson | E | J91 | 3 | 3 | 0-6-0T | Kitson & Co. | 1885 | 1931–34 | ||
| James Manson | N | D46 | 2 | 2 | 4-4-0 | GNSR Kittybrewster | 1887 | 1932–36 | ||
| James Manson | O | D42 | 9 | 9 | 4-4-0 | Kitson & Co. | 1888 | 1935–46 | ||
| James Manson | P | D43 | 3 | 3 | 4-4-0 | R. Stephenson & Co. | 1890 | 1936–38 | ||
| James Manson | Q | D38 | 3 | 3 | 4-4-0 | R. Stephenson & Co. | 1890 | 1931–38 | ||
| James Johnson | R | G10 | 9 | 9 | 0-4-4T | Neilson & Co. | 1893 | 1937–47 | ||
| James Johnson | S | D41 | 6 | 6 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1893 | 1947– | ||
| William Pickersgill | T | D41 | 26 | 26 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1895–98 | 1946– | ||
| William Pickersgill | V | D40 | 5 | 13 | 4-4-0 | Neilson & Co. | 1899–1900 | 1946– | Ten were ordered, five sold to the SE&CR | |
| William Pickersgill | V | D40 | 8 | 13 | 4-4-0 | GNSR Inverurie | 1910–15 | 1947– | ||
| Thomas E. Heywood | Y | Z5 | 2 | 2 | 0-4-2T | Manning Wardle | 1915 | |||
| Thomas E. Heywood | X | Z5, later Z4 | 2 | 2 | 0-4-2T | Manning Wardle | 1915 | |||
| Thomas E. Heywood | F | D40 | 6 | 8 | 4-4-0 | North British Loco. Co. | 1920 | Named | ||
| Thomas E. Heywood | F | D40 | 2 | 8 | 4-4-0 | GNSR Inverurie | 1921 | Named |
Great Northern Railway">Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)">Great Northern Railway
[Hull and Barnsley Railway]
From its formal establishment in 1885 to the time that it was taken over by the North Eastern Railway in 1922, the CME of the H&BR was Matthew Stirling, who, like his father and uncle, built locomotives with domeless boilers.| Class | Wheel arrangement | Quantity | Manufacturer | Date | LNER Class | Notes |
| A | 0-6-0T | 12 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1884 | — | |
| B | 0-6-0 | 20 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1884 | — | |
| C | 2-4-0 | 10 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1885 | — | |
| K | 0-4-0WT | 6 | Kitson & Co. | 1886–89 | — | |
| B | 0-6-0 | 55 | Kitson & Co. Vulcan Foundry Yorkshire Engine Co. | 1889–1908 | ||
| G2 | 0-6-0T | 3 | R. Stephenson & Co. | 1892 | ||
| F1 | 0-6-2T | 5 | Kitson & Co. | 1900 | Ordered by the Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway | |
| F2 | 0-6-2T | 9 | Kitson & Co. | 1901 | ||
| G3 | 0-6-0T | 16 | Yorkshire Engine Co. Kitson & Co. | 1901–08 | ||
| A | 0-8-0 | 15 | Yorkshire Engine Co. | 1907 | ||
| J | 4-4-0 | 5 | Kitson & Co. | 1910 | ||
| L1 | 0-6-0 | 10 | Kitson & Co. | 1911–12 | ||
| L | 0-6-0 | 5 | Yorkshire Engine Co. | 1914 | ||
| LS | 0-6-0 | 5 | Kitson & Co. | 1915 | ||
| F3 | 0-6-2T | 10 | Hawthorn Leslie | 1913–14 |
[Metropolitan Railway]
Three classes were taken into LNER stock on 1 November 1937. The other former Metropolitan locomotives were retained by London Transport, which had acquired all of them at its formation on 1 July 1933.| Class | Wheel arrangement | Quantity | Manufacturer | Date | LNER Class | Notes |
| A | 4-4-0T | 40 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1864–70 | — | |
| B | 4-4-0T | 20 | Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1879–85 | — | |
| C | 0-4-4T | 4 | Neilson & Co. | 1891 | — | |
| D | 2-4-0T | 6 | Sharp, Stewart & Co. | 1915 | — | |
| E | 0-4-4T | 7 | Hawthorne Leslie, Neasden Works | 1896–1901 | — | |
| F | 0-6-2T | 4 | Yorkshire Engine Co. | 1915 | — | |
| G | 0-6-4T | 4 | Yorkshire Engine Co. | 1915 | ||
| H | 4-4-4T | 8 | Kerr, Stuart & Co. | 1920–21 | ||
| K | 2-6-4T | 6 | Armstrong Whitworth | 1925 | Similar to the SECR K Class; designed by R.E.L. Maunsell |
[Midland and [Great Northern Joint Railway]]
M&GN locomotives were taken into LNER stock on 1 October 1936.| Class | Wheel arrangement | Quantity | Manufacturer | Date | LNER Class | Notes |
| M&GN Class A | 4-4-2T | 3 | Melton Constable Works | 1904–1910 | M&GN Nos. 41, 20, 9 | |
| M&GN Class C | 4-4-0 | 40 | Sharp, Stewart & Co. Beyer, Peacock & Co. | 1894–1899 | LNER class based on firebox variations | |
| M&GN Class D | 0-6-0 | 16 | Neilson & Co. Kitson & Co. | 1896-1899 | J41 was a rebuilt D Class while J40 was not rebuilt | |
| M&GN Shunting Class | 0-6-0T | 9 | Melton Constable Works | 1897–1905 |
[North British Railway]
North Eastern Railway">North Eastern Railway (UK)">North Eastern Railway
Locomotives built by the LNER
Gresley">Sir Nigel Gresley">Gresley designs
Thompson">Edward Thompson (engineer)">Thompson designs
Peppercorn">Arthur H. Peppercorn">Peppercorn designs
Another A1, "Tornado" has been built by subscription among LNER locomotive enthusiasts, and came into service in 2008. In total it cost £3 million. Again under the chairmanship of Mark Allatt, the team is now raising funds most successfully to build another Gresley P2 2-8-2 of the "Cock O'the North" Class, to be called "Prince of Wales". Both new steam locomotives are the product of a restored railway works in Darlington.Other designs
- LNER Class A1 – continuation of a GNR design. Several built under the GNR entered service under the LNER.
- LNER Class A2 – based on an NER design simply designated as 4.6.2
- LNER Class A5 – Continuation of a GCR design
- LNER Class A8 – rebuilt from H1 between 1931 and 1936
- LNER Class B12/3 – based on an existing GER design
- LNER Class B16 – continuation of an NER design
- LNER Class C9 – C7 rebuild
- LNER Class D16 – based on an existing GER design. Built by the GER but delivered after grouping.
- LNER Class J27 – continuation of an NER design
- LNER Class J45/DES1 English Electric diesel electric shunting locomotive
- LNER Class DES2 Brush diesel electric shunting locomotive
- LNER Class J50 – continuation of a GNR design. Thirty were rebuilds of Class J51.
- LNER Class J72 – NER Class E1
- LNER Class J94 – WD Austerity 0-6-0ST
- LNER Class N2 – continuation of a GNR design
- LNER Class N7 – continuation of a GER design
- LNER Class N15 – continuation of an NBR design
- LNER Class O6 – LMS Stanier Class 8F – 60 loaned to the LNER 1943–47; 68 purchased 1945–46, sold to LMS 1947
- LNER Class O7 – WD Austerity 2-8-0 – 350 loaned to the LNER 1943–47; 200 purchased 1946; 270 loaned to the LNER 1947
- USATC S160 Class – 168 loaned to the LNER 1942–1945
- WD Austerity 2-10-0 – 13 loaned to the LNER 1943–44; 20 loaned 1945–46
- LNER Class S1 – Continuation of a GCR design
- LNER Class T1 – NER Class X
- LNER Class Y1 – Sentinel shunter
- LNER Class Y3 – Sentinel shunter
- LNER Class Y7 – NER Class H
- LNER Class Y10 – Sentinel shunter
- LNER Class Y11 – Simplex 0-4-0 petrol locomotive
Post-Nationalisation
BR built 396 locomotives to ex-LNER designs. One of these, the J72 Class was a North Eastern Railway design dating from 1898.
| Class | Wheel arrangement | Quantity | Manufacturer | Date | Numbers | Notes |
| Peppercorn A1 | 4-6-2 | 49 | Doncaster Works Darlington Works | 1948-49 | 60114–162 | |
| Peppercorn A2 | 4-6-2 | 14 | Doncaster Works | 1948 | 60526–539 | |
| Thompson B1 | 4-6-0 | 136 | North British Loco. Co. Gorton Works Darlington Works | 1948–52 | 61273–409 | |
| J72 | 0-6-0T | 28 | Darlington Works | 1949–51 | 69001–28 | NER Class E1 |
| Thompson/Peppercorn K1 | 2-6-0 | 70 | North British Loco. Co. | 1949–50 | 62001–70 | |
| Thompson L1 | 2-6-4T | 99 | Darlington Works North British Loco. Co. R. Stephenson & Hawthorns | 1948–50 | 67702–800 |
Withdrawal
Withdrawal of ex-LNER locomotives took place throughout the 1960s, with some of the once high-profile 'A4 Class' locomotives ending their lives on heavy freight trains in Scotland; a far cry from the glamorous express workings of the late 1930s.Preservation
Several of the many LNER locomotives have been preserved..| Class | Wheel arrangement | Number | Name | Home Base | Status |
| A4 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 4464 | Bittern | Crewe LNWR | Operational; under overhaul |
| A4 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 4468 | Mallard | National Railway Museum | Static exhibit |
| A4 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 60009 | Union of South Africa | Thornton Yard | Operational; to be withdrawn at the end of its boiler ticket and placed in the 'Farming and Railway Visiting Centre' in Fife. |
| A4 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 4489 | Dominion of Canada | Canadian Railway Museum | Static exhibit |
| A4 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 60008 | Dwight D Eisenhower | National Railroad Museum, Green Bay, Wisconsin | Static exhibit |
| A4 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 60007 | Sir Nigel Gresley | North Yorkshire Moors Railway | Operational; under overhaul |
| A3 Pacific | 4-6-2 | 60103 | Flying Scotsman | National Railway Museum | Operational |
| A2 Peppercorn | 4-6-2 | 60532 | Blue Peter | Crewe LNWR | Operational; under overhaul |
| B1 Thompson | 4-6-0 | 61264 | North Yorkshire Moors Railway | Operational | |
| B1 Thompson | 4-6-0 | 1306 | Mayflower† | North Norfolk Railway | Operational |
| D49 Class | 4-4-0 | 249 | Morayshire | Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway | Operational |
| D40 Class | 4-4-0 | 49 | Gordon Highlander | Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway | Static Exhibit |
| D26 Class | 4-4-0 | 256 | Glen Douglas | Riverside Museum, Glasgow | Static Exhibit |
| D17/1 Class | 4-4-0 | 1621 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| O4 Class | 2-8-0 | 63601 | Great Central Railway | Operational; under overhaul | |
| D11 Class | 4-4-0 | 506 | Butler-Henderson | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit |
| C1 Class | 4-4-2 | 251 | National Railway Museum, York | Static Exhibit | |
| C2 "Klondyke" Class | 4-4-2 | 990 | Henry Oakley | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit |
| K4 Class | 2-6-0 | 61994 | The Great Marquess | Thornton Yard | Cracked firebox discovered at visit to NYMR; currently awaiting repair |
| K1 Thompson/Peppercorn | 2-6-0 | 62005 | Lord of the Isles† | North Yorkshire Moors Railway | Operational |
| V2 Class | 2-6-2 | 4771 | Green Arrow | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit |
| B12/3 Class | 4-6-0 | 8572 | North Norfolk Railway | Operational | |
| J27 Class | 0-6-0 | 65894 | North Yorkshire Moors Railway | Operational; awaiting overhaul | |
| J21 Class | 0-6-0 | 65033 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit: awaiting outcome of funding bid for restoration to steam. | |
| Q6 Class | 0-8-0 | 63395 | North Yorkshire Moors Railway | Operational; under overhaul | |
| E6 Class | 2-4-0 | 910 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| E5 Class | 2-4-0 | 1463 | Head of Steam, Darlington | Static Exhibit | |
| E4 Class | 2-4-0 | 490 | Bressingham Steam Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| J36 Class | 0-6-0 | 673 | Maude | Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway | Operational; under overhaul |
| J15 Class | 0-6-0 | 564 | North Norfolk Railway | Operational | |
| J17 Class | 0-6-0 | 1217 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| J72 Class | 0-6-0T | 69023 | Joem† | Wensleydale Railway | Operational |
| Q7 Class | 0-8-0 | 901 | Head of Steam, Darlington | Static Exhibit | |
| J69 Class | 0-6-0T | 87 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| N2 Class | 0-6-2T | 4744 | Great Central Railway | Operational | |
| J52 Class | 0-6-0ST | 1247 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| N7 Class | 0-6-2T | 1899 | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| Y9 Class | 0-4-0ST | 42 | Scottish Railway Preservation Society Museum | Static Exhibit | |
| Y5 Class | 0-4-0ST | 229 | The Flour Mill Locomotive Repair Workshop | Awaiting restoration to working order. Withdrawn in 1921, so it never carried an official LNER number. | |
| X1 Class | 2-2-4T | 66 | Aerolite | National Railway Museum | Static Exhibit |
| Y7 Class | 0-4-0T | 1310 | Middleton Railway | Operational | |
| Y7 Class | 0-4-0T | 985 | North Norfolk Railway | Operational | |
| Y1 "Sentinel" Class | 0-4-0VBT | 68153 | Middleton Railway | Awaiting restoration to working order |
† denotes name given only in preservation.