Liverpool Institute High School for Boys


The Liverpool Institute High School for Boys was an all-boys grammar school in the English port city of Liverpool.
The school had its origins in 1825 but occupied different premises while the money was found to build a dedicated building on Mount Street. The Institute was first known as the Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts. In 1832 the name was shortened to the Liverpool Mechanics' Institution. The facade of the listed building, the entrance hall and modified school hall remain after substantial internal reconstruction was completed in the early 1990s.

School history in brief

Its initial primary purpose as a Mechanics' Institute was to provide educational opportunities, mainly through evening classes, for working men. Lectures for the general public were also provided of wide interest covering topics ranging from Arctic exploration to Shakespeare and philosophy. Luminaries like Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope and Ralph Waldo Emerson delivered talks and readings in the main lecture hall.
By 1840 the Institution offered evening classes, lectures, a library and a boys' lower and upper school. By the 1850s a formal art school was evolving from the evening classes and in 1856 this diversity was recognised by another name change – The Liverpool Institute and School of Arts.
A girls' school was founded and opened in 1844 under the name Liverpool Institute High School for Girls. It was housed in a merchant's mansion across the street from the boys' school in Blackburne House provided by the generosity of George Holt and which was later donated to the school by his family in his memory. The school was one of the first which was open to the public in the country established exclusively for the education of girls.
In 1905 the Liverpool City Council took over the management of the secondary schools when the LI Board of Governors presented the school and assets to the City. From then until its closure in 1985, the school was formally known as The Liverpool Institute High School for Boys or more familiarly as The Institute or The Inny to its pupils.
It was an English grammar school for boys ages 11 to 18 with an excellent academic reputation built up over more than a century. Its list of scholarships and places at Oxford and Cambridge runs to some 300 names – in addition to distinctions gained at the University of Liverpool and many other prominent British universities. The school was a true measure of Liverpool's intellectual capital, and its old boys could and can be found in later life in many fields of professional distinction including the law, the Church, armed forces, politics, academia, government and colonial administration as well as in trade and commerce.
In the 1950s, future Beatles Paul McCartney and George Harrison were educated at the school.

Closure of the school

The school was closed by the city council in 1985. The Labour Party nationally opposed grammar schools – see Anthony Crosland's Circular of September 1965 required that Local Authorities bring forward schemes for comprehensive secondary education. As grammar school pupils were selected by examination at age 11, there was a long-standing push towards 'comprehensive schools' from that party when it took majority control of the City Council in 1983. Demand for secondary school places in the City had also dropped precipitously and there was a huge oversupply of school space as Liverpool's population contracted during the severe economic recession of the early 1980s.
The Deputy Leader of the Labour Group on Council at the time was a former LI schoolboy Derek Hatton who had left without academic distinction in 1964 and with strong feelings of dislike towards the school. However the man who was Chair of the Educational Committee at the time of the decision to close the school was Dominic Brady, whose qualifications for his position amounted to being a former school caretaker.
After closure, the building stood empty and neglected, the roof leaking and the walls crumbling. In 1987 it was announced that the LI Trust would grant use of the building and site to a new educational establishment. Paul McCartney had returned to his old school when with Wings he had played a concert at the Royal Court Theatre, Liverpool in 1979. After the school's closure in 1985, McCartney returned one night to reminisce about his school days, while he was writing his 'Liverpool Oratorio'. This visit is captured in 'Echoes'; a DVD which accompanies the Liverpool Oratoria box set. McCartney was determined to save the building somehow and during a conversation with Sir George Martin, the idea of a 'fame school' emerged since Martin was helping Mark Featherstone-Witty start a London secondary school with an innovative curriculum. McCartney and Featherstone-Witty joined forces to create the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts. The new company took over the Liverpool Institute Trust established in 1905.
The building was rebuilt behind its old facade and re-opened in 1996 under LIPA's name. The new institute is affiliated with Liverpool John Moores University and is no longer a Liverpool secondary school.

Art school

The city's Art College had its origins as part of the Liverpool Institute. In 1883 a new building housing the School of Art was opened around the corner on Hope Street, adjacent to the principal building housing the High School on Mount Street. The Art College by which it was later known, took in talented students often without formal academic credentials and the College eventually became one of the four constituent parts of the Liverpool Polytechnic in 1970 and later in 1992 Liverpool John Moores University with the School of Art and Design being housed in the Art and Design Academy.

Liverpool Institute and music

Music and musical performances were a constant theme throughout the life of the school and the Mount St. building. Annual school Speech Day concerts, choirs, the organ, piano, music classes and the singing of daily devotional hymns have echoed around its walls for 170 years and continue to do so at LIPA:
NameJoined/leftBorn/diedKnown for
Francis Neilson-Butters1867–1961MP for the Hyde Division of Cheshire 1910–1916. Writer and historian.
Charles, Viscount Wakefield12 December 1859 – 15 January 1941English businessman who founded the Castrol lubricants company, was lord mayor of London and was a significant philanthropist.
Sir Walter de Frece1870–1935Theatre impresario and MP
Sir Richard Burn1871–1947Civil servant, historian and numismatist
Alfred James Ewart1872–1937Professor of Botany and Plant Physiology in the University of Melbourne from 1906–21
John Hay1873–1959former President of the Royal Microscopical Society, and former Professor of Medicine at the University of Liverpool
Franklin Dyall1874–1950Actor
Prof Charles Glover Barkla1877–1944Nobel Prize in Physics 1917 "for his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements", Wheatstone Professor of Physics from 1909–13 at King's College London, and discovered most properties of X-ray scattering, fluorescence, polarisation, and transmission through matter.
Sydney Silvermanc. 1911–19151895–1968Labour MP from 1935–68 for Nelson and Colne. He brought in a private Member's Bill in 1965 to suspend the death penalty
James Laver1899–1975Art historian
Arthur Askey1911–19161900–1982Comedian and broadcaster.
Sir Malcolm Knox1900–80Professor of Moral Philosophy from 1936–53 at the University of St Andrews, and Principal of the University from 1953–66
Sir Frank Francis1901–1988Director of the British Museum, 1959–1968
Lindley M. Fraser1904–63Jaffrey Professor of Political Economy from 1935–40 at the University of Aberdeen, Head of German and Austrian Services at the BBC from 1946–63
Frank Redington1906–84Head Boy 1925; Cambridge University ; Chief Actuary of Prudential Insurance 1951–1968; Winner of the Gold Medal of the Institute of Actuaries in honour of "actuarial work of pre-eminent importance".
Prof William Kneale1906–90White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford, 1960–6. Author of Probability and Induction
Donald MacAlister1907–29Scottish physician who was Principal and Vice-Chancellor and, later, Chancellor of the University of Glasgow
Alan Robertson1920–89Chemist. Animal breeding and genetics
Alan Durband1938–19441927–93Pupil who returned as a teacher, one of the founders of the Liverpool Everyman Theatre and the New Shakespeare Theatre, Liverpool
Ronald Oxburgh, Baron Oxburgh1942–19521932–Chair of Royal Dutch Shell PLC, 2003 to 2005.
Peter Sissons1953–19611942–2019News broadcaster
Steve Norris1956–19631945–MP for Oxford East,1983–1987; Epping Forest, 1988–1997. Conservative candidate for London Mayoralty, 2000 and 2004.
Bill Kenwright1957–19641945–Theatre impresario

Headmasters

19th century