Lithuanian orthography


Lithuanian orthography employs a Latin-script alphabet of 32 letters, two of which denote sounds not native to the Lithuanian language. Additionally, it uses five digraphs.

Alphabet

Today, the Lithuanian alphabet consists of 32 letters. It features an unusual collation order in that "Y" occurs between I nosinė and J.

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Uppercase Latin alphabetAĄBCČDEĘĖFGHIĮYJKLMNOPRSŠTUŲŪVZŽ
Lowercase Latin alphabetaąbcčdeęėfghiįyjklmnoprsštuųūvzž
Name of Lettersaa nosinėbėcėčėdėee nosinėėefgėhai trumpojii nosinėi ilgojijotkaelemenopėereseštėu trumpojiu nosinėu ilgojivėzėžė


Acute, grave, and macron/tilde accents can mark stress and vowel length. However, these are generally not used, except in dictionaries and where needed for clarity. In addition, Lithuanian orthography uses five digraphs ; these function as sequences of two letters for collation purposes. The "Ch" digraph represents a voiceless velar fricative, while the others are straightforward compositions of their component letters. The letters F and H, as well as the digraph CH, denote sounds only appearing in loanwords.

Sound–spelling correspondences

is short only in loanwords. are always short without accent and under accent in endings -a, -e, -es, in comparative, in pronouns and in loanwords, and besides usually long.
Consonants are always palatalized before ; before, palatalization is denoted by inserting an between the consonant and the vowel.

Unicode

The majority of the Lithuanian alphabet is in the Unicode block C0 controls and basic Latin, and the rest of the Lithuanian alphabet is in the Latin Extended-A.