List of threatened fauna of Michigan


The list of threatened fauna of Michigan includes almost 400 endangered, threatened and special concern species that are located in Michigan as a part of the fauna of the United States. Endangered and threatened species in Michigan are protected through the Endangered Species Act of the State of Michigan, part of the 1994 Michigan Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act. The list was last updated in 2009 to its sixth iteration. At this time, 69 new species were added, including many species of freshwater mussels and snails, and 13 species were removed. The state also recognizes species of special concern, which are not protected under the act. These species have low or declining numbers in the state or a need for additional information on their populations in Michigan. If the species' numbers decline, they are moved to threatened or endangered status and afforded protection under the act; if they increase, they are removed from the list without further action.
Threatened and endangered species can also be listed under the federal Endangered Species Act, passed in 1973; the act covers over 1,250 plant and animal species. Species can be on either list or both lists – representation on one does not automatically determine representation on the other.
A large portion of the field surveys and research conducted with regards to threatened and endangered species in Michigan is undertaken by the Michigan Natural Features Inventory program. The MNFI program was originally developed in 1980 as part of the state natural heritage programs conceptualized by The Nature Conservancy, through which it received its first funding. The MNFI program severed relations with TNC in 2000, and became a program of the Michigan State University Extension Services.

Mammals

There are twelve species of threatened mammals in Michigan. Five of these are listed as species of threatened concern, three as threatened and four as endangered. Two also have federal listed status as endangered or threatened.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Alces alcesMooseSpecial concern
Canis lupusGray wolfSpecial concern
Cryptotis parvaLeast shrewThreatened
Felis concolorCougarEndangered
Glaucomys sabrinusNorthern flying squirrelSpecial concern
Lynx canadensisLynxEndangeredThreatened
Microtus ochrogasterPrairie voleEndangered
Microtus pinetorumWoodland voleSpecial concern
Myotis sodalisIndiana batEndangeredEndangered
Nycticeius humeralisEvening batThreatened
Pipistrellus subflavusEastern pipistrelleSpecial concern
Sorex fumeusSmoky shrewThreatened

Amphibians

There are five species and subspecies of threatened amphibians in Michigan. Two of these are listed as species of special concern, one as a threatened species and two as endangered. No amphibians with federally listed threatened status have populations in Michigan.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Acris crepitans blanchardiBlanchard's cricket frogThreatened
Ambystoma opacumMarbled salamanderEndangered
Ambystoma texanumSmallmouth salamanderEndangered
Pseudacris maculataBoreal chorus frogSpecial concern
Siren intermedia nettingiWestern lesser sirenSpecial concern

Reptiles

There are eleven species and subspecies of threatened reptiles in Michigan. Of these, six are listed as species of special concern, three as threatened and two as endangered. One species has federal listed status as threatened, while another is a candidate for federal listing.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Clemmys guttataSpotted turtleThreatened
Clemmys insculptaWood turtleSpecial concern
Clonophis kirtlandiiKirtland's snakeEndangered
Cnemidophorus sexlineatusSix-lined racerunnerThreatened
Emys blandingiiBlanding's turtleSpecial concern
Nerodia erythrogaster neglectaCopperbelly water snakeEndangeredThreatened
Pantherophis gloydiEastern fox snakeThreatened
Pantherophis spiloidesGray rat snakeSpecial concern
Regina septemvittataQueen snakeSpecial concern
Sistrurus catenatus catenatusEastern massasaugaSpecial concernCandidate
Terrapene carolina carolinaEastern box turtleSpecial concern

Birds

There are 42 threatened species and subspecies of birds in Michigan. Of these, 18 are listed as species of threatened concern, 14 as threatened and 9 as endangered. One additional species is listed as extinct in Michigan, although it previously had a population in the state. Two species have federal listed status as endangered.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Accipiter gentilisNorthern goshawkSpecial concern
Ammodramus henslowiiHenslow's sparrowEndangered
Ammodramus savannarumGrasshopper sparrowSpecial concern
Asio flammeusShort-eared owlEndangered
Asio otusLong-eared owlThreatened
Botaurus lentiginosusAmerican bitternSpecial concern
Buteo lineatusRed-shouldered hawkThreatened
Charadrius melodusPiping ploverEndangeredEndangered and critical habitat
Chlidonias nigerBlack ternSpecial concern
Chondestes grammacusLark sparrowExtinct
Circus cyaneusNorthern harrierSpecial concern
Cistothorus palustrisMarsh wrenSpecial concern
Coturnicops noveboracensisYellow railThreatened
Cygnus buccinatorTrumpeter swanThreatened
Falcipennis canadensisSpruce grouseSpecial concern
Falco columbariusMerlinThreatened
Falco peregrinusPeregrine falconEndangered
Gallinula chloropusCommon moorhenThreatened
Gavia immerCommon loonThreatened
Haliaeetus leucocephalusBald eagleSpecial concern
Hydroprogne caspiaCaspian ternThreatened
Ixobrychus exilisLeast bitternThreatened
Lanius ludovicianus migransMigrant loggerhead shrikeEndangered
Nycticorax nycticoraxBlack-crowned night-heronSpecial concern
Pandion haliaetusOspreySpecial concern
Parkesia motacillaLouisiana waterthrushThreatened
Phalaropus tricolorWilson's phalaropeSpecial concern
Picoides arcticusBlack-backed woodpeckerSpecial concern
Protonotaria citreaProthonotary warblerSpecial concern
Rallus elegansKing railEndangered
Setophaga ceruleaCerulean warblerThreatened
Setophaga citrinaHooded warblerSpecial concern
Setophaga discolorPrairie warblerEndangered
Setophaga dominicaYellow-throated warblerThreatened
Setophaga kirtlandiiKirtland's warblerEndangeredEndangered
Spiza americanaDickcisselSpecial concern
Sterna forsteriForster's ternThreatened
Sterna hirundoCommon ternThreatened
Sturnella neglectaWestern meadowlarkSpecial concern
Tympanuchus phasianellusSharp-tailed grouseSpecial concern
Tyto albaBarn owlEndangered
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalusYellow-headed blackbirdSpecial concern

Fish

There are 35 species and subspecies of threatened fish in Michigan. Of these, eight are species of special concern, nine are threatened and another nine are listed as endangered. An additional nine species that previously had populations in Michigan are now considered extinct in that state. None of the federally listed species of threatened fish have populations in Michigan.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Acipenser fulvescensLake sturgeonThreatened
Ammocrypta pellucidaEastern sand darterThreatened
Clinostomus elongatusRedside daceEndangered
Coregonus artediLake herringThreatened
Coregonus hubbsiIves Lake ciscoThreatened
Coregonus johannaeDeepwater ciscoExtinct
Coregonus kiyiKiyiSpecial concern
Coregonus nigripinnisBlackfin ciscoExtinct
Coregonus reighardiShortnose ciscoExtinct
Coregonus zenithicusShortjaw ciscoThreatened
Coregonus zenithicus bartlettiSiskiwit lake ciscoThreatened
Cottus riceiSpoonhead sculpinSpecial concern
Erimyzon oblongusCreek chubsuckerEndangered
Etheostoma spectabileOrangethroat darterSpecial concern
Fundulus disparStarhead topminnowSpecial concern
Hiodon tergisusMooneyeThreatened
Hybopsis amblopsBigeye chubExtinct
Lepisosteus oculatusSpotted garSpecial concern
Macrhybopsis storerianaSilver chubSpecial concern
Moxostoma carinatumRiver redhorseThreatened
Notropis anogenusPugnose shinerEndangered
Notropis chalybaeusIroncolor shinerExtinct
Notropis dorsalisBigmouth shinerSpecial concern
Noturus miurusBrindled madtomSpecial concern
Notropis photogenisSilver shinerEndangered
Notropis texanusWeed shinerExtinct
Noturus stigmosusNorthern madtomEndangered
Opsopoeodus emiliaePugnose minnowEndangered
Percina copelandiChannel darterEndangered
Percina shumardiRiver darterEndangered
Phoxinus erythrogasterSouthern redbelly daceEndangered
Polyodon spathulaPaddlefishExtinct
Sander canadensisSaugerThreatened
Sander vitreus glaucusBluepikeExtinct
Thymallus arcticusArctic graylingExtinct

Insects

Butterflies and moths

There are 53 species and subspecies of threatened butterflies and moths in Michigan. Of these, 40 are listed as species of special concern, 8 as threatened and 5 as endangered. Two species are also listed as federally endangered, while another is a candidate for federal listing.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Acronicta falculaCorylus dagger mothSpecial concern
Atrytonopsis hiannaDusted skipperSpecial concern
Basilodes pepitaGold mothSpecial concern
Battus philenorPipevine swallowtailSpecial concern
Boloria freijaFreija fritillarySpecial concern
Boloria friggaFrigga fritillarySpecial concern
Brachionycha borealisBoreal brachionynchaSpecial concern
Calephelis muticaSwamp metalmarkSpecial concern
Catocala amestrisThree-staff underwingEndangered
Catocala dulciolaQuiet underwingSpecial concern
Catocala illectaMagdalen underwingSpecial concern
Catocala robinsoniRobinson's underwingSpecial concern
Chlosyne gorgone carlotaGorgone checkerspotSpecial concern
Eacles imperialis piniPine imperial mothSpecial concern
Erebia discoidalisRed-disked alpineSpecial concern
Erora laetaEarly hairstreakSpecial concern
Erynnis baptisiaeWild indigo duskywingSpecial concern
Erynnis persius persiusPersius duskywingThreatened
Euchloe ausonidesLarge marbleSpecial concern
Euphyes dukesiDukes' skipperThreatened
Euxoa aurulentaDune cutwormSpecial concern
Fixsenia favonius ontarioNorthern hairstreakSpecial concern
Hemileuca maiaBarrens buckmothSpecial concern
Hesperia ottoeOttoe skipperThreatened
Heterocampa subrotataSmall heterocampaSpecial concern
Heteropacha rileyanaRiley's lappet mothSpecial concern
Incisalia henriciHenry's elfinThreatened
Incisalia irusFrosted elfinThreatened
Merolonche dolliDoll's meroloncheSpecial concern
Meropleon ambifuscaNewman's brocadeSpecial concern
Neonympha mitchellii mitchelliiMitchell's satyrEndangeredEndangered
Oarisma poweshiekPoweshiek skipperlingThreatenedCandidate
Oeneis macouniiMacoun's arcticSpecial concern
Oncocnemis piffardiThree-striped oncocnemisSpecial concern
Pachypolia atricornisThree-horned mothSpecial concern
Papaipema awemeAweme borerSpecial concern
Papaipema beerianaBlazing star borerSpecial concern
Papaipema cerinaGolden borerSpecial concern
Papaipema maritimaMaritime sunflower borerSpecial concern
Papaipema sciataCulvers root borerSpecial concern
Papaipema silphiiSilphium borer mothThreatened
Papaipema speciosissimaRegal fern borerSpecial concern
Phyciodes batesiiTawny crescentSpecial concern
Plebejus idas nabokoviNorthern blueThreatened
Plebejus melissa samuelisKarner blueThreatenedEndangered
Polygonia gracilisHoary commaSpecial concern
Proserpinus flavofasciataYellow-banded day-sphinxSpecial concern
Pygarctia spragueiSprague's pygarctiaSpecial concern
Pyrgus wyandotGrizzled skipperSpecial concern
Schinia indianaPhlox mothEndangered
Schinia lucensLeadplant flower mothEndangered
Spartiniphaga inopsSpartina mothSpecial concern
Speyeria idaliaRegal fritillaryEndangered

Beetles

There are six species of threatened beetles in Michigan. Of these, three are species of special concern, one is threatened and one is endangered. One additional species is extinct in Michigan, although it previously had a viable population in the state. Two species of beetles with populations in Michigan are listed as federally endangered.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Brychius hungerfordiHungerford's crawling water beetleEndangeredEndangered
Dryobius sexnotatusSix-banded longhorn beetleThreatened
Liodessus cantralliCantrall's bog beetleSpecial concern
Lordithon nigerBlack lordithon rove beetleSpecial concern
Nicrophorus americanusAmerican burying beetleExtinctEndangered
Stenelmis douglasensisDouglas Stenelmis riffle beetleSpecial concern

Cicadas and hoppers

There are seven species of threatened cicadas and hoppers with populations in Michigan. Of these, five are listed as species of special concern and two as threatened species. There are no federally listed species with populations in Michigan.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Dorydiella kansanaLeafhopperSpecial concern
Flexamia delongiLeafhopperSpecial concern
Flexamia huroniHuron river leafhopperThreatened
Flexamia reflexusLeafhopperSpecial concern
Lepyronia anguliferaAngular spittlebugSpecial concern
Lepyronia gibbosaGreat plains spittlebugThreatened
Prosapia ignipectusRed-legged spittlebugSpecial concern

Damselflies and dragonflies

There are 15 species of threatened damselflies and dragonflies in Michigan. Of these, twelve are listed as species of special concern, two as threatened and one as endangered. The state-listed endangered species is also listed as federally endangered.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Cordulegaster erroneaTiger spiketailSpecial concern
Gomphus lineatifronsSplendid clubtailSpecial concern
Gomphus quadricolorRapids clubtailSpecial concern
Hetaerina titiaSmokey rubyspotSpecial concern
Ophiogomphus anomalusExtra-striped snaketailSpecial concern
Ophiogomphus howeiPygmy snaketailThreatened
Somatochlora hineanaHine's emeraldEndangeredEndangered
Somatochlora incurvataIncurvate emeraldSpecial concern
Stylurus amnicolaRiverine snaketailSpecial concern
Stylurus lauraeLaura's snaketailSpecial concern
Stylurus notatusElusive snaketailSpecial concern
Stylurus plagiatusRusset-tipped clubtailSpecial concern
Tachopteryx thoreyiGrey petaltailThreatened
Williamsonia fletcheriEbony boghaunterSpecial concern
Williamsonia lintneriRinged boghaunterSpecial concern

Grasshoppers and crickets

There are 14 species of threatened grasshoppers and crickets in Michigan. Thirteen of these are listed as species of special concern, while the remaining species is listed as threatened. There are no federally listed species with populations in Michigan.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Appalachia arcanaSecretive locustSpecial concern
Atlanticus davisiDavis's shield-bearerSpecial concern
Melanoplus flavidusBlue-legged locustSpecial concern
Neoconocephalus lyristesBog coneheadSpecial concern
Neoconocephalus retususConehead grasshopperSpecial concern
Oecanthus laricisTamarack tree cricketSpecial concern
Oecanthus piniPinetree cricketSpecial concern
Orchelimum concinnumRed-faced meadow katydidSpecial concern
Orchelimum delicatumDelicate meadow katydidSpecial concern
Orphulella pelidnaGreen desert grasshopperSpecial concern
Paroxya hoosieriHoosier locustSpecial concern
Psinidia fenestralisAtlantic-coast locustSpecial concern
Scudderia fasciataPine katydidSpecial concern
Trimerotropis huronianaLake Huron locustThreatened

Bees

There are two species of threatened bees in Michigan, both of which are members of the genus Bombus and are listed as species of special concern. There are no federally listed bee species with populations in Michigan.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Bombus affinisRusty-patched bumble beeSpecial concern
Bombus terricolaYellow banded bumble beeSpecial concern

Caddisflies

There is one species of threatened caddisfly in Michigan, which is listed as a species of special concern and is not found on the federal listing of endangered species.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Limnephilus pallensNo common nameSpecial concern

Dobsonflies and fishflies

There is one species of threatened dobsonfly in Michigan and no species of threatened fishflies. The single threatened member of this group is listed as a species of special concern, and is not found on the federal listing.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Neohermes concolorNo common nameSpecial concern

Mayflies

There are three species of threatened mayflies with populations in Michigan, all of which are listed as species of special concern. None are found on the federal listing.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Anthopotamus verticisWalker's tusked sprawlerSpecial concern
Epeorus suffususNo common nameSpecial concern
Habrophlebiodes americanaNo common nameSpecial concern

Freshwater mussels

There are 28 species and subspecies of threatened freshwater mussels in Michigan. Of these, 9 are species of special concern, 6 are listed as threatened and 13 are endangered. Six are also federally listed as endangered.
SpeciesCommon nameState statusFederal status
Alasmidonta marginataElktoeSpecial concern
Alasmidonta viridisSlippershell musselThreatened
Cyclonaias tuberculataPurple wartybackThreatened
Epioblasma obliquata perobliquaWhite catspawEndangeredEndangered
Epioblasma torulosa rangianaNorthern riffleshellEndangeredEndangered
Epioblasma triquetraSnuffboxEndangeredEndangered
Lampsilis fasciolaWavy-rayed lampmusselThreatened
Leptodea leptodonScaleshellSpecial concernEndangered
Ligumia nasutaEastern pondmusselEndangered
Ligumia rectaBlack sandshellEndangered
Obliquaria reflexaThreehorn wartybackEndangered
Obovaria olivariaHickorynutEndangered
Obovaria subrotundaRound hickorynutEndangered
Pleurobema clavaClubshellEndangeredEndangered
Pleurobema sintoxiaRound pigtoeSpecial concern
Potamilus ohiensisPink papershellThreatened
Ptychobranchus fasciolarisKidney shellSpecial concern
Pyganodon lacustrisLake floaterSpecial concern
Pyganodon subgibbosaRound lake floaterThreatened
Simpsonaias ambiguaSalamander musselEndangered
Toxolasma lividusPurple lilliputEndangered
Toxolasma parvuslilliputEndangered
Truncilla donaciformisFawnsfootThreatened
Truncilla truncataDeertoeSpecial concern
Utterbackia imbecillisPaper pondshellSpecial concern
Venustaconcha ellipsiformisEllipseSpecial concern
Villosa fabalisRayed beanEndangeredEndangered
Villosa irisRainbowSpecial concern

Land and freshwater snails

There are 61 species and subspecies of threatened land and freshwater snails in Michigan. Of these, 38 are species of special concern, 10 are listed as threatened and 13 are listed as endangered. No federally listed species of snails have populations in Michigan.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Acella haldemaniSpindle lymnaeaSpecial concern
Anguispira kochiBanded globeSpecial concern
Appalachina sayanusSpike-lip craterSpecial concern
Birgella subglobosusGlobe siltsnailSpecial concern
Carychium nannodesFile thornSpecial concern
Catinella exilePleistocene catinellaThreatened
Catinella gelidaNo common nameThreatened
Catinella protractaNo common nameEndangered
Cincinnatia cincinnatiensisCampeloma spire snailSpecial concern
Discus patulusDomed discSpecial concern
Euchemotrema hubrichtiCarinate pillsnailThreatened
Euconulus alderiNo common nameThreatened
Fontigens nicklinianaWatercress snailSpecial concern
Fossaria cyclostomaBugle fossariaThreatened
Fossaria galbanaBoreal fossariaSpecial concern
Gastrocopta holzingeriLambda snaggletooth snailEndangered
Glyphyalinia solidaNo common nameSpecial concern
Guppya sterkiiSterki's granuleEndangered
Hawaiia alachuanaSoutheastern gemSpecial concern
Helicodiscus singleyanusSmooth coilSpecial concern
Helisoma anceps royalenseLake Superior ramshornSpecial concern
Hendersonia occultaCherrystone dropThreatened
Lyogyrus walkeriCanadian duskysnailSpecial concern
Mesodon claususYellow globeletSpecial concern
Mesodon elevatusProud globeThreatened
Mesodon mitchellianusSealed globeletSpecial concern
Mesodon pennsylvanicusProud globeletSpecial concern
Mesomphix cupreusCopper buttonSpecial concern
Oxyloma peorienseDepressed ambersnailSpecial concern
Pallifera fosteriFoster mantleslugThreatened
Philomycus carolinianusCarolina MantleslugSpecial concern
Physella magnalacustrisGreat Lakes physaSpecial concern
Physella parkeriBroadshoulder physaThreatened
Planogyra asteriscusEastern flat-whorlSpecial concern
Planorbella multivolvisAcorn ramshornEndangered
Planorbella smithiNo common nameEndangered
Pomatiopsis cincinnatiensisBrown walkerSpecial concern
Pupilla muscorumWidespread columnSpecial concern
Pyrgulopsis letsoniGravel pyrgSpecial concern
Stagnicola contractaDeepwater pondsnailEndangered
Stagnicola petoskeyensisPetoskey pondsnailEndangered
Stagnicola woodruffiColdwater pondsnailSpecial concern
Striatura meridionalisMedian striateSpecial concern
Vallonia gracilicosta albulaNo common nameEndangered
Vallonia parvulaTrumpet valloniaSpecial concern
Valvata perdepressaPurplecap valvataSpecial concern
Valvata winnebagoensisFlanged valvataSpecial concern
Ventridens intertextusPyramid domeSpecial concern
Ventridens suppressusFlat domeSpecial concern
Vertigo bollesianaDelicate vertigoThreatened
Vertigo cristataCrested vertigoSpecial concern
Vertigo elatiorTapered vertigoSpecial concern
Vertigo hubrichtiHubricht's vertigoEndangered
Vertigo modesta modestaNo common nameEndangered
Vertigo modesta parietalisNo common nameEndangered
Vertigo morseiSix-whorl vertigoEndangered
Vertigo nylanderiDeep-throat vertigoEndangered
Vertigo paradoxaMystery vertigoSpecial concern
Vertigo pygmaeaCrested vertigoSpecial concern
Vertigo tridentataHoney vertigoSpecial concern
Xolotrema denotataVelvet wedgeSpecial concern

Fingernail and pea clams

There are seven threatened species of fingernail and pea clams in Michigan, all listed as species of special concern. None of the species with populations in Michigan are federally listed as threatened.
SpeciesCommon nameState status
Pisidium amnicumGreater European pea clamSpecial concern
Pisidium cruciatumOrnamanted pea clamSpecial concern
Pisidium equilateraleRound pea clamSpecial concern
Pisidium idahoenseGiant northern pea clamSpecial concern
Pisidium simplexNo common nameSpecial concern
Sphaerium corneumEuropean pea clamSpecial concern
Sphaerium fabaleRiver fingernail clamSpecial concern