List of mammals of Tajikistan
This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Tajikistan. There are fifty-one mammal species in Tajikistan, of which four are endangered, six are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
LR/cd | Lower risk/conservation dependent | Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. |
LR/nt | Lower risk/near threatened | Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. |
LR/lc | Lower risk/least concern | Species for which there are no identifiable risks. |
Subclass: [Theria]
Infraclass: [Eutheria]
Order: [Rodent]ia (rodents)
----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to.
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- *Family: Sciuridae
- **Subfamily: Xerinae
- ***Tribe: Xerini
- ****Genus: Spermophilopsis
- ***** Long-clawed ground squirrel, Spermophilopsis leptodactylus LR/lc
- ***Tribe: Marmotini
- ****Genus: Marmota
- ***** Long-tailed marmot, Marmota caudata LR/nt
- ***** Menzbier's marmot, Marmota menzbieri VU
- *Family: Gliridae
- **Subfamily: Leithiinae
- ***Genus: Dryomys
- **** Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
- *Family: Dipodidae
- **Subfamily: Allactaginae
- ***Genus: Allactaga
- **** Severtzov's jerboa, Allactaga severtzovi LR/lc
- **** Vinogradov's jerboa, Allactaga vinogradovi LR/lc
- *Family: Cricetidae
- **Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- ***Genus: Blanfordimys
- **** Afghan vole, Blanfordimys afghanus LR/lc
- **** Bucharian vole, Blanfordimys bucharicus LR/nt
- ***Genus: Microtus
- **** Juniper vole, Microtus juldaschi LR/lc
- **** Tien Shan vole, Microtus kirgisorum LR/lc
- *Family: Muridae
- **Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- ***Genus: Meriones
- **** Midday jird, Meriones meridianus LR/lc
- **Subfamily: Murinae
- ***Genus: Nesokia
- **** Short-tailed bandicoot rat, Nesokia indica LC
Order: [Lagomorpha] (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae, and Ochotonidae. Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Ochotonidae
- *Genus: Ochotona
- ** Large-eared pika, Ochotona macrotis LR/lc
- ** Turkestan red pika, Ochotona rutila LR/lc
Order: [Erinaceomorpha] (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
- Family: Erinaceidae
- *Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- **Genus: Hemiechinus
- *** Long-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus auritus LR/lc
- *** Brandt's hedgehog, Hemiechinus hypomelas LR/lc
Order: [Soricomorpha] (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Soricidae
- *Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- **Genus: Crocidura
- *** Lesser rock shrew, Crocidura serezkyensis LR/lc
- *Subfamily: Soricinae
- **Tribe: Soricini
- ***Genus: Sorex
- **** Buchara shrew, Sorex buchariensis LR/lc
- **** Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus LR/lc
Order: [Chiroptera] (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- *Subfamily: Myotinae
- **Genus: Myotis
- *** Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus VU
- *** Fraternal myotis, Myotis frater LR/nt
- *Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- **Genus: Eptesicus
- *** Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
- **Genus: Otonycteris
- *** Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii LR/lc
- *Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- **Genus: Miniopterus
- *** Schreibers' long-fingered bat, Miniopterus schreibersii LC
- Family: Molossidae
- *Genus: Tadarida
- ** European free-tailed bat, Tadarida teniotis LR/lc
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- *Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- **Genus: Rhinolophus
- *** Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
- *** Lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
Order: [Carnivora] (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- *Family: Felidae
- **Subfamily: Felinae
- ***Genus: Acinonyx
- **** Asiatic cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus venaticus CR
- ***Genus: Caracal
- **** Caracal, C. caracal
- ***Genus: Felis
- **** Jungle cat, F. chaus
- **** Asiatic wildcat, F. lybica ornata
- ***Genus: Otocolobus
- **** Pallas's cat, O. manul
- ***Genus: Lynx
- **** Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx
- **Subfamily: Pantherinae
- ***Genus: Panthera
- **** Persian leopard, P. pardus tulliana
- **** Snow leopard, Panthera uncia
- *Family: Hyaenidae
- **Genus: Hyaena
- *** Striped hyena, H. hyaena
- Suborder: Caniformia
- *Family: Canidae
- **Genus: Vulpes
- *** Red fox, V. vulpes
- **Genus: Canis
- *** Golden jackal, C. aureus
- *** Steppe wolf, Canis lupus campestris
- **Genus: Cuon
- *** Dhole, C. alpinus
- *Family: Ursidae
- **Genus: Ursus
- *** Brown bear, U. arctos
- *Family: Mustelidae
- **Genus: Mustela
- *** Least weasel, M. nivalis
- *** Stoat, M. erminea
- *** Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii LC
- **Genus: Lutra
- *** European otter, L. lutra
Order: [Perissodactyla] (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
- Family: Equidae
- *Genus: Equus
- ** Turkmenian kulan, E. hemionus kulan EN
Order: [Artiodactyla] (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
- Family: Cervidae
- *Subfamily: Cervinae
- **Genus: Cervus
- *** Central Asian red deer, Cervus affinis LR/lc
- Family: Bovidae
- *Subfamily: Antilopinae
- **Genus: Gazella
- *** Goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa VU
- *Subfamily: Caprinae
- **Genus: Capra
- *** Markhor, Capra falconeri EN
- **Genus: Ovis
- *** Argali, Ovis ammon VU
- *** Mouflon, Ovis orientalis VU
- **Genus: Pseudois
- *** Bharal, Pseudois nayaur LC