List of mammals of Italy
There are 102 mammal species in Italy, of which one is critically endangered, two are endangered, nine are vulnerable, and four are near threatened. One of the species listed for Italy is considered to be extinct.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' IUCN Red List status as published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. | |
Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. | |
Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. | |
Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. | |
Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. | |
Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. | |
Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. | |
Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Order: [Rodent]ia (rodents)
----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing.
- Suborder: Hystricognathi
- *Family: Hystricidae
- **Genus: Hystrix
- *** Crested porcupine, H. cristata
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- *Family: Sciuridae
- **Subfamily: Sciurinae
- ***Tribe: Sciurini
- ****Genus: Sciurus
- ***** Red squirrel, S. vulgaris
- ***** Calabrian black squirrel, Sciurus meridionalis
- **Subfamily: Xerinae
- ***Tribe: Marmotini
- ****Genus: Marmota
- ***** Alpine marmot, Marmota marmota
- *Family: Gliridae
- **Subfamily: Leithiinae
- ***Genus: Dryomys
- **** Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula
- ***Genus: Eliomys
- **** Garden dormouse, E. quercinus
- ***Genus: Muscardinus
- **** Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius
- **Subfamily: Glirinae
- ***Genus: Glis
- **** Edible dormouse, Glis glis
- *Family: Cricetidae
- **Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- ***Genus: Arvicola
- **** European water vole, A. amphibius
- ***Genus: Chionomys
- **** Snow vole, Chionomys nivalis
- ***Genus: Clethrionomys
- **** Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus
- ***Genus: Microtus
- **** Field vole, Microtus agrestis
- **** Common vole, Microtus arvalis
- **** Calabria pine vole, Microtus brachycercus
- **** Alpine pine vole, Microtus multiplex
- **** Savi's pine vole, Microtus savii
- **** European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus
- *Family: Muridae
- **Subfamily: Murinae
- ***Genus: Mus
- **** House mouse, Mus musculus
- ***Genus: Apodemus
- **** Alpine field mouse, Apodemus alpicola
- **** Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis
- **** Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus
- ***Genus: Micromys
- **** Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus
- ***Genus: Rattus
- **** Black rat, R. rattus Introduced
- **** Brown rat, R. norvegicus Introduced
Order: [Lagomorpha] (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae, and Ochotonidae. Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Leporidae
- *Genus: Oryctolagus
- **European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced, in Iberian Peninsula
- *Genus: Lepus
- **European hare, L. europaeus
- ** Mountain hare, L. timidus
Order: [Eulipotyphla] (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Erinaceidae
- *Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- **Genus: Erinaceus
- *** West European hedgehog, E. europaeus
- Family: Soricidae
- *Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- **Genus: Crocidura
- *** Pantellerian shrew, Crocidura cossyrensis
- *** Bicolored shrew, Crocidura leucodon
- *** Sicilian shrew, Crocidura sicula
- *** Lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura suaveolens
- **Genus: Suncus
- *** Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus
- *Subfamily: Soricinae
- **Tribe: Nectogalini
- ***Genus: Neomys
- **** Southern water shrew, Neomys anomalus
- **** Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens
- **Tribe: Soricini
- ***Genus: Sorex
- **** Alpine shrew, Sorex alpinus
- **** Common shrew, Sorex araneus
- **** Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus
- **** Apennine shrew, Sorex samniticus
- Family: Talpidae
- *Subfamily: Talpinae
- **Tribe: Talpini
- ***Genus: Talpa
- **** European mole, Talpa europaea
- **** Mediterranean mole, Talpa caeca
- **** Roman mole, Talpa romana
Order: [Chiroptera] (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- *Subfamily: Myotinae
- **Genus: Myotis
- *** Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii
- *** Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini
- *** Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis
- *** Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
- *** Brandt's bat, M. brandti
- *** Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii
- *** Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
- *** Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus
- *** Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
- *** Cryptic myotis, M. crypticus
- *Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- **Genus: Barbastella
- *** Barbastelle, B. barbastellus
- **Genus: Eptesicus
- *** Northern bat, E. nilssoni
- *** Serotine bat, E. serotinus
- **Genus: Hypsugo
- *** Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii
- **Genus: Nyctalus
- *** Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus
- *** Lesser noctule, N. leisleri
- *** Common noctule, N. noctula
- **Genus: Pipistrellus
- *** Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii
- *** Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii
- *** Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus
- **Genus: Plecotus
- *** Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus
- *** Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus
- **Genus: Vespertilio
- *** Parti-coloured bat, V. murinus
- *Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- **Genus: Miniopterus
- *** Schreibers' long-fingered bat, Miniopterus schreibersii
- Family: Molossidae
- *Genus: Tadarida
- ** European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- *Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- **Genus: Rhinolophus
- *** Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale
- *** Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi
- *** Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii
- *** Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
- *** Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
Order: [Cetacea] (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
- Suborder: Mysticeti
- *Family: Balaenidae
- **Genus: Eubalaena
- *** North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis or Functionally Extinct in European waters
- *Family: Balaenopteridae
- **Subfamily: Megapterinae
- ***Genus: Megaptera
- **** Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae
- **Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- ***Genus: Balaenoptera
- **** Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus
- **** Northern minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata
- Suborder: Odontoceti
- *Family: Physeteridae
- **Genus: Physeter
- *** Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus
- *Superfamily: Platanistoidea
- **Family: Ziphidae
- ***Genus: Ziphius
- **** Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris
- ***Genus: Mesoplodon
- **** Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens
- **** Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus
- **Family: Delphinidae
- ***Genus: Steno
- **** Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis
- ***Genus: Tursiops
- **** Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus
- ***Genus: Stenella
- **** Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba
- ***Genus: Delphinus
- **** Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
- ***Genus: Grampus
- **** Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus
- ***Genus: Feresa
- **** Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata
- ***Genus: Pseudorca
- **** False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens
- ***Genus: Orcinus
- **** Orca, O. orca
- ***Genus: Globicephala
- **** Long-finned pilot whale, G. melas
Order: [Carnivora] (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- *Family: Felidae
- **Subfamily: Felinae
- ***Genus: Felis
- **** European wildcat, F. silvestris
- ***Genus: Lynx
- **** Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
- *Family: Viverridae
- **Subfamily: Viverrinae
- ***Genus: Genetta
- **** Common genet, G. genetta
- Suborder: Caniformia
- *Family: Canidae
- **Genus: Vulpes
- *** Red fox, V. vulpes
- **Genus: Canis
- *** Gray wolf, C. lupus
- **** Italian wolf, C. l. italicus
- *** Golden jackal, C. aureus
- **** European jackal, C. a. moreoticus
- *Family: Ursidae
- **Genus: Ursus
- *** Brown bear, U. arctos
- **** Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos
- *Family: Mustelidae
- **Genus: Martes
- *** Beech marten, M. foina
- *** European pine marten, M. martes
- **Genus: Mustela
- *** Stoat, M. erminea
- *** Least weasel, M. nivalis
- *** European polecat, M. putorius
- **Genus: Meles
- *** Eurasian badger, M. meles
- **Genus: Lutra
- *** European otter, L. lutra
- *Family: Phocidae
- **Genus: Monachus
- *** Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus
Order: [Artiodactyla] (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
- Family: Suidae
- *Subfamily: Suinae
- **Genus: Sus
- *** Wild boar, S. scrofa
- Family: Cervidae
- *Subfamily: Cervinae
- **Genus: Cervus
- *** Red deer, Cervus elaphus
- *** Sardinian deer, Cervus elaphus corsicanus
- *Subfamily: Capreolinae
- **Genus: Capreolus
- *** Roe deer, C. capreolus
- Family: Bovidae
- *Subfamily: Caprinae
- **Genus: Capra
- *** Wild goat, Capra aegagrus
- *** Alpine ibex, Capra ibex
- **Genus: Ovis
- *** Mouflon, Ovis orientalis
- **Genus: Rupicapra
- *** Pyrenean chamois, Rupicapra pyrenaica
- *** Chamois, Rupicapra rupicapra