List of majority-minority United States congressional districts


A majority-minority district is an electoral district, such as a United States congressional district, in which the majority of the constituents in the district are nonwhite or racial or ethnic minorities. Whether a district is majority-minority is usually ascertained using United States Census data.
Majority-minority districts may be created to avoid or remedy violations of the Voting Rights Act of 1965's prohibitions on drawing redistricting plans that diminish the ability of a racial or language minority to elect its candidates of choice. In some instances, majority-minority districts may result from affirmative racial gerrymandering. The value of drawing district lines to create majority-minority districts is a matter of dispute both within and outside of minority communities. Some view majority-minority districts as a way to dilute the voting power of minorities and analogous to racial segregation; others favor majority-minority districts as ways to effectively ensure the election of minorities to legislative bodies, including the House of Representatives. Majority-minority districts have been the subject of legal cases examining the constitutionality of such districts, including Shaw v. Reno, Miller v. Johnson, and Bush v. Vera.

Districts with an African-American majority

Population data are from 2015 Census American Community Survey One-Year Estimates. Districts in the table below reflect the 114th Congress.
There is only one African American majority congressional district that is represented by a Congressman who is not African American, Rep. Steve Cohen. While Cohen has made his desire to join the Congressional Black Caucus publicly known, he has not pursued membership over objections of the one of the founding members of the group. All members of the Congressional Black Caucus except one are Democratic. Although the bylaws do not specify that membership is open only to black members of Congress, prominent members of the CBC have publicly stated that they will not welcome non-black members. The only Republican African-American United States Senator, Tim Scott has elected not to join the CBC. Stacey Plaskett, the non-voting delegate representing the Virgin Islands, is also a member of the Congressional Black Caucus.
Rank Perc. State District 116th Congressional Black Caucus Total 2015 Afric. Amer.
1 66.3% Mississippi 2 Bennie G. Thompson 724,075 480,259
2 65.2% Tennessee 9 Steve Cohen 705,879 460,533
3 63.6% Alabama 7 Terri A. Sewell 667,721 424,814
4 60.5% Louisiana 2 Cedric Richmond 791,393 478,785
5 59.4% Georgia 4 Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. - Secretary 746,519 443,473
6 58.4% Georgia 13 David Scott 755,256 441,129
7 57.8% Georgia 5 John Lewis 736,978 425,941
8 57.6% South Carolina 6 James E. Clyburn 661,521 381,321
9 57.6% Pennsylvania 3Dwight Evans 725,418 418,109
10 57.1% Virginia 3 Robert C. "Bobby" Scott 738,228 421,775
11 56.5% Illinois 2 Robin Kelly 702,674 396,854
12 56.1% Michigan 14 Brenda Lawrence -Second vice-chair 695,410 390,402
13 55.5% Michigan 13 Rashida Tlaib 679,235 376,665
14 55.2% Florida 24 Frederica Wilson 745,862 411,387
15 54.0% Maryland 7 Elijah Cummings 729,001 393,457
16 53.7% Florida 20 Alcee L. Hastings 767,766 412,471
17 52.9% Maryland 4 Anthony G. Brown 745,629 394,713
18 52.7% New York 8 Hakeem Jeffries 769,795 405,603
19 52.7% Ohio 11 Marcia L. Fudge 704,489 370,986
20 52.6% Georgia 2 Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. 683,888 359,884
21 52.4% North Carolina 1 G.K. Butterfield 728,488 381,897
22 51.0% Illinois 1 Bobby L. Rush 717,447 366,000
23 50.3% New Jersey 10 Donald Payne, Jr. 764,684 384,341
24 49.7% New York 9 Yvette D. Clark – Member-At-Large 759,225 377,346
25 49.6% Florida 5 Al Lawson 743,735 368,715
26 49.4% North Carolina 12 Alma Adams 793,964 392,085
27 49.3% New York 5 Gregory W. Meeks 779,896 384,325
28 49.2% Missouri 1 William "Lacy" Clay, Jr. 736,055 361,855
29 48.9% Illinois 7 Danny K. Davis 721,321 352,801
30 47.4% District of Columbia At large Eleanor Holmes Norton 672,228 318,813
31 43.6% Texas 30 Eddie Bernice Johnson 754,382 329,176
32 38.0% Texas 9 Al Green 782,554 297,672
34 36.4% Texas 18 Sheila Jackson Lee 764,622 278,538
41 33.4% Wisconsin 4 Gwen Moore 716,998 239,546
43 32.7% Ohio 3 Joyce Beatty - First vice-chair 767,295 250,694
50 29.1% Indiana 7 André Carson 749,776 218,178
51 28.8% New York 13 Adriano Espaillat 790,434 227,395
66 23.7% California 37 Karen Bass - Chair 722,781 171,348
68 22.6% California 43 Maxine Waters 744,444 168,304
72 21.9% Missouri 5 Emanuel Cleaver 757,920 165,779
91 18.2% New Jersey 12 Bonnie Watson Coleman 751,650 137,082
97 17.4% California 13 Barbara Lee 755,776 131,230
106 16.4% Texas 33 Marc Veasey 740,323 121,258

Districts with an Asian Pacific Islander majority, plurality, or significant minority

There are currently 45 members in the United States . Unlike its sister groups, the Congressional Black Caucus and Congressional Hispanic Caucus, CAPAC includes members who are of API descent or represent large API populations.
The following table was lists the top 20 districts of API population.
Rank Perc. State District MemberTotal 2015Asian Amer.
1 52.9% California 17Ro Khanna 760,444402,466
2 49.5% Hawaii 1Ed Case 709,286351,660
3 40.4% New York 6Grace Meng 744,562300,927
4 38.2% California 27Judy Chu 733,239279,772
5 33.9% California 14Jackie Speier 757,062256,559
6 33.8% California 15Eric Swalwell 771,800260,823
7 32.5% California 12Nancy Pelosi 749,688243,713
8 31.0% California 39Gil Cisneros 731,324226,345
9 27.1% California 19Zoe Lofgren 765,143207,126
10 25.2% Hawaii 2Tulsi Gabbard 725,830183,186
11 24.5% California 45Katie Porter 771,550189,250
12 22.8% California 18Anna G. Eshoo 738,774168,606
13 22.2% Washington 9Adam Smith 728,262161,938
14 22.0% California 47Alan Lowenthal 718,339158,377
15 20.3% California 13Barbara Lee 755,776153,406
16 19.6% California 34Jimmy Gomez 735,150144,019
17 19.6% New York 10Jerrold Nadler 728,323142,560
18 19.2% California 52Scott Peters 755,498145,039
19 19.0% New Jersey 6Frank Pallone, Jr. 753,711143,071
20 18.6% New York 7Nydia M. Velázquez 753,292140,170

Districts with a Hispanic/Latino majority

Congress has two groups for Hispanic congressmen. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus for Democrats, and Congressional Hispanic Conference for Republicans. Both groups permit delegates from territories and Senators as well as Congressmen. The Republican Conference also permits Associate members, for Representatives who are not Hispanic themselves, but have significant numbers of Hispanics in their districts. The Democratic Caucus does not permit similar associate members.
Congresswoman Loretta Sánchez has withdrawn from the Democratic caucus. Her sister Linda T. Sánchez, also a representative, withdrew temporarily, but has since rejoined.
The population data is for the 2010 census, but the congress will redistrict prior to the 2012 election. The percentages will no longer be accurate and new Hispanic Majority districts may be created.
When a non-Hispanic congressmen represents a Hispanic majority district, their name and when they began their term of service in congress is indicated. In some cases like Judy May Chu and Maxine Waters they are members of a significant non-Hispanic minority group inside the district. In other cases like Jaime Herrera Beutler or Gene Green the representative is simply a different ethnicity than many of their constituents.
Rank Perc. State District Congressional Hispanic C… Total 2010 Hispanic
1 82.5% Texas 15 Vicente González 787,124 649,297
2 81.5% Texas 16 Veronica Escobar 757,427 617,465
3 78.9% Texas 28 Henry Cuellar 851,824 672,129
4 78.7% California 34 Jimmy Gomez 654,303 515,167
5 76.0% Texas 29 Sylvia Garcia 677,032 514,861
6 75.6% Florida 21 Lois Frankel 693,501 524,005
7 75.4% California 38 Linda Sánchez 641,410 483,490
8 73.5% Illinois 4 Jesús "Chuy" García 601,156 442,018
9 73.2% Texas 27 Michael Cloud 741,993 543,306
10 71.6% Florida 25 Mario Díaz-Balart 807,176 577,998
11 71.5% Texas 20 Joaquin Castro 711,705 509,208
12 70.4% California 20 Jimmy Panetta 744,350 523,705
13 69.4% California 43 Maxine Waters 735,581 510,693
14 68.5% California 51 Juan Vargas 757,891 473,224
15 68.2% California 31 Pete Aguilar 611,336 417,183
16 67.6% California 47 Alan Lowenthal 631,422 426,869
17 66.9% Florida 18 Brian Mast 712,790 476,672
18 66.5% California 39Gil Cisneros 643,115 427,353
19 66.4% Texas 23Will Hurd 847,651 562,913
20 66.1% New York 15 José E. Serrano 731,101 483,258
21 62.6% California 32 Grace Napolitano 642,236 412,275
22 61.6% Arizona 3 Raúl Grijalva 698,314 446,159
23 57.5% California 28 Howard Berman 660,194 379,697
24 56.0% Arizona 7 Caucus 855,769 479,014
25 54.5% California 35 Maxine Waters 662,413 360,796
26 52.7% California 18 Caucus 723,607 381,039
27 51.8% New Mexico 2 Conference Associate 663,956 343,856
28 51.2% California 21 Conference 784,176 401,194
29 50.6% New Jersey 13 Caucus 684,965 346,294
30 50.4% California 17 Sam Farr 664,240 334,955
35 45.2% California 45 Conference Associate 914,209 413,441
36 44.6% New York 12 Caucus 672,358 299,572
40 42.4% Texas 32 Conference Associate 640,419 271,442
46 39.0% New Mexico 3 Caucus 693,284 270,117
57 33.8% Texas 19 Conference Associate 698,137 235,973
107 20.8% Arizona 2 Conference Associate 972,839 202,001
213 9.9% Idaho 1 Conference 841,930 83,326
255 7.4% Washington 3 Conference 779,348 57,604

Districts with an African-American plurality