List of historically black colleges and universities
This list of Historically black colleges and universities lists institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the black community.
Alabama leads the nation with the number of HBCUS, followed by North Carolina then Georgia.
Current institutions
Defunct institutions
School | City | State | Founded | Closed | Type | Religious Affiliation | Comment |
Avery College | Pittsburgh | Pennsylvania | 1849 | 1873 | Private | A.M.E. Zion Church | Though the records are scant, it appears that Avery College suspended operations in 1873, the year of a great nationwide financial panic. Trustees considered selling the school property to the marker University of Western Pennsylvania, which had reluctantly accepted Avery's donation to assist in educating a handful of African-American students. Nothing came of the negotiations, however, and Avery College never reopened. As late as 1908, the trustees were debating whether to establish a manual training school or a hospital and nursing school facility on the property. Years later the original three-story building was demolished to make way for a new highway project. |
Bishop College | Dallas | Texas | 1881 | 1988 | Private | Home Mission Society | Founded in Marshall, Texas; later moved to Dallas. |
Booker T. Washington Junior College | Pensacola | Florida | 1949 | 1965 | Public | The first of twelve black junior colleges created in Florida, it closed after passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Nominally merged with Pensacola Junior College. | |
J. P. Campbell College | Started in Vicksburg, moved to Jackson in 1898 | Mississippi | 1890 | 1964 | Private | African Methodist Episcopal Church | Located across the street from Jackson College, now Jackson State University, J. P. Campbell College famously admitted students expelled from high school for participating in the Civil Rights Movement. Then, amidst a failed plan to relocate to Mound Bayou, Mississippi, a black town, it collapsed financially. |
Carver Junior College | Cocoa | Florida | 1960 | 1963 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Collier-Blocker Junior College | Palatka | Florida | 1960 | 1964 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Concordia College, Alabama | Selma | Alabama | 1922 | 2018 | Private | Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod | Known as "Alabama Lutheran Academy and Junior College" until 1981; It was the only historically black college among the ten colleges and universities in the Concordia University System. The college ceased operations at the completion of the Spring 2018 semester, citing years of financial distress and declining enrollment. |
Daniel Payne College | Birmingham | Alabama | 1889 | 1979 | Private | African Methodist Episcopal Church | |
Friendship College | Rock Hill | South Carolina | 1891 | 1981 | Private | Baptist | |
George R. Smith College | Sedalia | Missouri | 1894 | 1925 | It burned down April 26, 1925, after which its assets were merged with the Philander Smith College | ||
Gibbs Junior College | St. Petersburg | Florida | 1957 | 1966 | Public | Regionally accredited. Founded to show that separate but equal educational institutions for African Americans were viable, and that racial integration, mandated by Brown v. Board of Education, was unnecessary. Closed shortly after passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; nominally merged with St. Petersburg Junior College. | |
Guadalupe College | Seguin | Texas | 1884 | 1936 | Private | Texas Missionary Baptist General Convention | Ceased operations after a fire destroyed the main building in 1936. |
Hampton Junior College | Ocala | Florida | 1958 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Jackson Junior College | Marianna | Florida | 1961 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Johnson Junior College | Leesburg | Florida | 1960 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Kittrell College | Kittrell | North Carolina | 1886 | 1975 | Private | African Methodist Episcopal Church | |
Leland University | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1870 | 1960 | Private | Home Mission Society | Founded as a grade school in New Orleans, Leland was a Baker, Louisiana-based Baptist University when it closed. |
Lewis College of Business | Detroit | Michigan | 1928 | 2013 | Private | Founded as "Lewis Business College" | |
Lincoln Junior College | Fort Pierce | Florida | 1960 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Mary Holmes College | West Point | Mississippi | 1892 | 2005 | Private | Presbyterian | |
Mississippi Industrial College | Holly Springs | Mississippi | 1905 | 1982 | Private | Colored Methodist Episcopal Church; later called the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church. | |
Morristown College | Morristown | Tennessee | 1881 | 1994 | Private | Methodist Episcopal | Founded as a seminary and normal school in the late 1870s, became Knoxville College's satellite campus in 1989, and closed for good in 1994. |
Mount Hermon Female Seminary | Clinton | Mississippi | 1875 | 1924 | Private | American Missionary Association | |
Natchez College | Natchez | Mississippi | 1885 | 1993 | Private | Baptist | |
Payne College | Cuthbert | Georgia | 1879 | 1912 | On June 5, 1912, it became part of Morris Brown University | ||
Roger Williams University | Nashville | Tennessee | 1864 | 1929 | Private | American Baptist Home Mission Society | Two suspicious fires destroyed its main building in 1905. Financial problems ledto its closure in 1929; combined with other institutions to form LeMoyne–Owen College. |
Roosevelt Junior College | West Palm Beach | Florida | 1958 | 1965 | Public | Regionally accredited. One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Rosenwald Junior College | Panama City | Florida | 1958 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Saint Paul's College | Lawrenceville | Virginia | 1888 | 2013 | Private | Protestant Episcopal Church | Founded as "Saint Paul Normal and Industrial School". Closed June 2013. |
Saints College | Lexington | Mississippi | 2006 | Private | Church of God in Christ | Originated as Saints Junior College and Academy | |
Southern Christian Institute | Edwards | Mississippi | 1908? | 1954 | Private | Protestant | Merged into Tougaloo College. For a time thereafter its campus, renamed Mt. Beulah, was used by the Delta Ministry, CDGM, and other civil rights organizations. |
Storer College | Harpers Ferry | West Virginia | 1865 | 1955 | Private | Founded by Freewill Baptist Missionary Society | Its endowment was transferred to Virginia Union, where its alumni have been recognized, and its physical assets were given to Alderson-Broaddus College to create scholarships for black students. Its former campus is now part of the Harpers Ferry National Historical Park. |
Suwannee River Junior College | Madison | Florida | 1959 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Volusia County Junior College | Daytona Beach | Florida | 1958 | 1965 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. | |
Western University | Quindaro | Kansas | 1865 | 1943 | Private | African Methodist Episcopal Church |