List of domesticated animals

This page gives a list of domestic animals, also including a list of animals which are or may be currently undergoing the process of domestication and animals that have an extensive relationship with humans beyond simple predation. This includes species which are semi-domesticated, undomesticated but captive-bred on a commercial scale, or commonly wild-caught, at least occasionally captive-bred, and tameable. In order to be considered fully domesticated, most species have undergone significant genetic, behavioural and morphological changes from their wild ancestors, while others have changed very little from their wild ancestors despite hundreds or thousands of years of potential selective breeding. A number of factors determine how quickly any changes may occur in a species, but there is not always a desire to improve a species from its wild form. Domestication is a gradual process, so there is no precise moment in the history of a given species when it can be considered to have become fully domesticated.
Archaeozoology has identified three classes of animal domesticates:

Pets
Livestock
Beasts of burden

To sort the tables chronologically by date of domestication, refresh your browser window, as clicking the Date column heading will mix CE and BCE dates.

Domesticated animals

Species and subspecies	Wild ancestor	Date	Location of origin	Purposes	Image	Degree and type of domestication	Extent in wild vs captivity	Taxon group
Dog	Extinct Pleistocene population of Gray wolf	13000 BCE	China, Europe	Pets, hunting, herding, guarding, pest control, transportation, draft, working, show, racing, sport, meat, rescuing, guiding, fighting, service, research, policing, narcotics detection, patrol, fibre, truffle harvesting, education, therapy, leather		Tame, significant physical changes, probably significant behavioral changes	Domestic and feral dogs both very common, ancestor or nearest wild relative less common but not rare	1c Carnivora
Goat	Bezoar ibex	10000 BCE	Iran	milk, meat, fibre, skin, vellum, show, racing, fighting, clearing land, pets, horns, guarding, weed control, manure, lawn mowing		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity, threatened in wild, feral goats common	1b Bovidae
Domestic pig	Anatolian boar, Northern Chinese boar	9000 BCE	China, Western Asia	meat, leather, research, show, racing, fighting, truffle harvesting, pets, tusks, guarding, manure, weed control		Some physical changes	Common in the wild. Much more common in captivity. Feral animals common in some areas.	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Sheep	Unknown ancestor, possibly Armenian mouflon	9000 BCE to 8500 BCE	Anatolia, Zagros mountains	fibre, meat, milk, leather, pelt, vellum, pets, show, racing, research, guarding, fighting, ornamental, horns, lawn mowing, weed control, hides, manure		Some physical changes	Common in captivity, threatened in the wild	1b Bovidae
Cattle	Eurasian aurochs †	8000 BCE	China, Western Asia	meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing, pets, horns, guarding, dung, mount, fibre, weed control, lawn mowing		Some physical changes	Very common in captivity, wild relatives extinct, feral cattle fairly common	1b Bovidae
Zebu	Indian aurochs †	8000 BCE	India	meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing, pets, horns, dung, mount, lawn mowing		Considerable physical changes	Wild relatives extinct, common in captivity	1b Bovidae
Cat	African wildcat	8000–7500 BCE	Near East	pets, meat, pest control, show, pelt, research		Tame, some physical changes	Very abundant in captivity, true wildcats less abundant though not rare. Feral populations very common.	1c Carnivora
Chicken	Red junglefowl with some contribution from the Grey junglefowl	6000 BCE	India and Southeast Asia	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, show, racing, ornamental, fighting, pest control, pets, guarding, manure, weed control		Some physical changes, considerable reproductive changes	Very common in captivity and the wild	2b Galliformes
Guinea pig	Montane guinea pig	5000 BCE	Peru	pets, meat, show, racing, research, lawn mowing, weed control, manure		Tame, slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and the wild	1d Rodentia
Donkey	Nubian wild ass, Somali wild ass	5000 BCE	Egypt	transportation, working, plowing, draft, mount, meat, milk, pets, racing, guarding, lawn mowing, patrol, manure, weed control		Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and as feral animals, wild animals critically endangered,	1e Other mammals
Domestic duck	Mallard	4000 BCE	China	meat, feathers, eggs, pets, show, ornamental, guarding, pest control, weed control, manure		Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity, but more abundant in the wild	2a Anseriformes
Water buffalo	Wild water buffalo	4000 BCE	India, China, Philippines	working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, show, racing, milk, horns, patrol, dung, lawn mowing		Mainly unchanged from wild animal	Common in captivity, endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae
Guppy, Cauca molly, Amazon molly, Sailfin molly, Shortfin molly, Liberty molly, Common molly, Yucatan molly and Endler's livebearer	Guppy, Cauca molly, Amazon molly, Sailfin molly, Shortfin molly, Liberty molly, Common molly, Yucatan molly and Endler's livebearer	Date uncertain	Barbados, Brazil, Guyana, Mexico, El Salvador, Venezuela	pets, research, bait		Some physical and behavioral changes. Domestication status is a point of contention.	Common in captivity	5b Other fish
Dromedary camel	Thomas' camel †	4000 BCE	Arabia	transportation, hunting, mount, show, milk, meat, pets, urine		Tame, few physical changes	Moderately common in captivity, small feral population in original range, significant feral population in Australia, true wild dromedaries may be extinct	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Horse	Extinct unknown population of Wild horse possibly Tarpan †	3500 BCE	Kazakhstan	transportation, milk, meat, working, guiding, servicing, herding, hunting, execution, plowing, draft, mount, patrol fighting, show, racing, pets, hair, manure, lawn mowing, weed control		Tame, some physical changes, mainly in coloration	Common in captivity, very rare in wild, feral populations common	1e Other mammals
Domestic silkmoth	Wild silkmoth	3000 BCE	China	silk, animal feed, pets,		Tame/held captive, some physical changes	Fairly common in captivity, wild extent unclear	6b Other insects
Domestic pigeon	Rock dove	3000 BCE	Mediterranean Basin	show, ornamental, messenger, meat, racing, pets, manure		Artificially selected into many varieties, including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds, and fancy plumage breeds	Relatively common in captivity, very common in the wild, feral pigeons extremely abundant	2c Columbiformes
Domestic goose	Greylag goose and Swan goose	3000 BCE for A. anser, date uncertain for A. cygnoides.	Egypt, China	meat, feathers, eggs, show, guarding, pest control, pets, weed control, manure		Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity and the wild	2a Anseriformes
Yak	Wild yak	2500 BCE	Tibet, Nepal	milk, transportation, working, plowing, mount, racing, fighting, show, meat, fibre, guarding, pets, horns, patrol, dung		Tame, slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity; threatened in the wild.	1b Bovidae
Bactrian camel	Wild Bactrian camel	2500 BCE	Central Asia	milk, transportation, hunting, mount, show, meat, milk, hair, pets, dung		Tame, few physical changes	Moderately common in captivity, critically endangered in the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Llama	Guanaco	2400 BCE	Peru, Bolivia	transportation, working, draft, pack, meat, show, racing, pets, guarding, weed control, fibre, manure, lawn mowing		Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Alpaca	Vicuña	2400 BCE	Peru, Bolivia	fibre, meat, show, pets, guarding, milk, lawn mowing, weed control, manure		Considerable physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Domestic guineafowl	West African guineafowl	2400 BCE	Africa	meat, eggs, pest control, show, alarming, pets, guarding, manure		Mainly unaltered from wild population	Somewhat common in captivity and in the wild	2b Galliformes
Fuegian dog †	Culpeo	Date uncertain	Argentina, Chile	hunting, pets, warmth, guarding		Tame, slight physical changes	Extinct in captivity	1c Carnivora
Ferret	European polecat	1500 BCE	Europe	pets, hunting, pest control, show, racing		Tame, slight physical changes	Common in captivity, somewhat common in the wild. Feral ferrets rare	1c Carnivora
Domestic muscovy duck	Muscovy duck	700–600 BCE	South America	meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets, guarding, pest control, manure		Tame, some physical changes	Common in captivity, feral populations are rare	2a Anseriformes
Barbary dove	African collared dove	500 BCE	North Africa	show, pets, meat		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity and feral populations	2c Columbiformes
Bali cattle	Javan banteng	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia, Bali	meat, milk, show, working, plowing, draft, horns, dung		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity, endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae
Gayal	Gaur	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia, Northeast India	meat, milk, horns, dung		Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity, threatened in the wild	1b Bovidae
Domestic turkey	South Mexican wild turkey	180 CE	Mexico	meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets, pest control, guarding, manure		Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity and wild	2b Galliformes
Goldfish	Wild goldfish	300 CE to 400 CE	China	pets, show, racing, ornamental, pest control		Tame/held captive, significant physical changes	Very common and abundant in captivity, wild extent is unclear	5a Cyprinidae
Domestic rabbit	Iberian rabbit	600 CE	Europe	pelt, fibre, pets, show, racing, research, meat, lawn mowing, weed control, manure		Tame, significant physical changes	Common in captivity, rare in native habitat, common in introduced range	1e Other mammals
Koi	Amur carp	11th Century CE	Japan	ornamental, show, pets		Tame/held captive, considerable physical changes	Fairly common in captivity, threatened in the wild	5a Cyprinidae
Domestic canary	Atlantic canary	15th century CE	Canary Islands, Europe	pets, research, show, mining, fighting		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity and wild	2d Passeriformes
Society finch	White-rumped munia	unknown, may have been introduced to Japan sometime around the early 18th century CE	Japan	pets, research, show		Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity; does not exist in the wild	2d Passeriformes
Fancy mouse and laboratory mouse	Western European house mouse	1100 BCE, then 17th century CE	China	pets, research, racing, animal feed		Tame, significant physical changes	Common in captivity and in the wild	1d Rodentia
Fancy rat and laboratory rat	Brown rat	19th century CE	United Kingdom	pets, research, show, animal feed		Tame, some physical and psychological changes	Common in captivity and in the wild	1d Rodentia
Domestic mink	American mink	19th century CE	North America	fur, hunting, pest control, pets		Some physical and psychological changes	Somewhat common in captivity and in the wild	1c Carnivora
Domesticated red fox	Red fox	1950s CE	Soviet Union, Russia	pelt, research, pets, fur		Tame, some physical changes	Very small domestic population, wild relatives fairly common	1c Carnivora
Domestic hedgehog	Four-toed hedgehog	1980s CE	Central and Eastern Africa	pets		Slight physical changes	Common in the wild. Somewhat rare in captivity	1e Other mammals
Domestic skunk	Striped skunk	19th century	North America	pets, pest control, pelt		Tame when captive-bred, significant physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and in the wild	1c Carnivora

Tame and partially domesticated animals

Due to the somewhat unclear outlines of what precisely constitutes domestication, there are some species that may or may not be fully domesticated. There are also species that are extensively used or kept as pets by humans, but are not significantly altered from wild-type animals. Most animals on this second table are at least somewhat altered from wild animals by their extensive interactions with humans. Many could not be released into the wild, or are in some way dependent on humans.

Species and subspecies	Date	Location of origin	Purpose	Image	Degree and type of domestication	Extent in wild vs captivity	Taxon group
Indian elephant, Sri Lankan elephant, Sumatran elephant, Borneo elephant, Syrian elephant †	2000 BC †	India, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Borneo, China, Indochina, Iran,	mount, working, transportation, hunting, show, racing, fighting, worship, patrol, dung		Semidomesticated	Syrian subspecies extinct in captivity and in the wild	1e Other mammals
Reindeer	3000 BCE	Fennoscandia, Western Russia, China, Mongolia	meat, milk, transportation, mount, hides, leather, antlers, pets		Semidomesticated		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Gemsbok	Date uncertain	Southern Africa	meat, hides, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Arabian ostrich †	Date uncertain	Mesopotamia	meat, feathers, eggs, sacrifice			Extinct in captivity and in the wild	2f Other birds
Arabian oryx	Date uncertain	Middle East, Egypt	meat, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Dorcas gazelle	Date uncertain	Egypt	meat, hides, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Nubian ibex	Date uncertain	Egypt	meat, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Scimitar oryx	2320–2150 BCE	Egypt	meat, hides, horns, sacrifice		Held/tame in captivity	Small captive population, but nearly extinct in wild	1b Bovidae
Serval	Date uncertain	Egypt	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Caracal	Date uncertain	Egypt, India, Southern Africa	hunting, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Northeast African cheetah, Asiatic cheetah and Southeast African cheetah	Date uncertain	Egypt, India, Middle East, South Africa	hunting, tourism, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Bubal hartebeest †	Date uncertain	Egypt	meat, hides, horns, sacrifice			Extinct in captivity and in the wild	1b Bovidae
Syrian wild ass †	Date uncertain	Mesopotamia	draught			Extinct in captivity and in the wild	1e Other mammals
Przewalski's horse	Date uncertain	Kazakhstan	mount, milk, meat		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other animals
Wood duck	Date uncertain	North America	meat, ornamental, pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2a Anseriformes
Mandarin duck	Pre-modern China	China	ornamental, pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2a Anseriformes
Egyptian goose	Date uncertain	Egypt	meat, eggs, ornamental, guarding, pets, feathers		Held/tame in captivity	common in captivity, feral populations very common	2a Anseriformes
Egyptian mongoose	Ancient Egypt	Egypt	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Leopard cat	5000 BCE	China	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Common, Cape, Pardine and Rusty-spotted genet	Date uncertain	Africa	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Chinese honey bee, Indian honey bee and Japanese honey bee	Date uncertain	South Asia, Thailand, Japan, China	honey, pollination, wax		Held/tame in captivity		6a Hymenoptera
Fallow deer including subspecies Persian fallow deer	1000 BCE	Mediterranean Basin, Levant	meat, hides, antlers, pets		Semidomesticated		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
European medicinal leech	800 BC	Europe, Asia	bloodletting, surgery, therapy, pets, research, saliva		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Cochineal	700–500 BC	Chile, Peru, Mexico	dye		Held/tame in captivity	Very common in the wild	6b Other insects
Indian peafowl and Green peafowl	500 BCE	India, Java	show, feathers, meat, ornamental, pets, guarding, pest control		Held/tame in captivity	Fairly common in the wild	2b Galliformes
Common hill myna	kept in Ancient Greece, date of captive breeding uncertain	Greece	pets, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Indian rose-ringed parakeet and African rose-ringed parakeet	Classical antiquity	West Africa, India	pets, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Red deer including subspecies Caspian red deer, Norwegian red deer and Scottish red deer	~0 CE	China, Russia, Europe, United Kingdom, Iran	meat, velvet, hides, leather, antlers, pets, milk		Captive bred		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Roman snail and Turkish snail	100 CE	Europe	meat, pets, shells, slime, eggs		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Stingless bees,,, and	180 CE	Mexico, Amazon basin	honey, wax, pollination, propolis, pets		Semidomesticated		6a Hymenoptera
White cockatoo	Tang Dynasty	China, Indonesia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Sulphur-crested cockatoo including subspecies Triton cockatoo and Eleonora cockatoo	Date uncertain	Australia, Indonesia, New Guinea	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Yellow-crested cockatoo including subspecies Citron-crested cockatoo and Timor cockatoo	Date uncertain	Sulawesi, Masalembu Islands, Tukangbesi Islands, Tanah Jampea, Sumbawa, Komodo, Flores, Timor, Lesser Sundas, Sumba	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Japanese, Neotropic and great cormorant	960 CE	Japan, China, Peru	fishing		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Whooper swan, Trumpeter swan, Black-necked swan and Black swan	Date uncertain	Eurasia, North America, South America, Australia	meat, ornamental, feathers, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2a Anseriformes
Bewick's swan and Whistling swan	Date uncertain	Russia, North America	ornamental, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2a Anseriformes
Mute swan	1000-1500 CE	Europe	meat, ornamental, feathers, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2a Anseriformes
House cricket	12th century CE	Southwestern Asia, China, Japan	animal feed, meat, fighting, pets		Held in captivity	Somewhat common in captivity, very common in wild	6b Other insects
Common quail and Japanese quail	1100–1900 CE	Eurasia, Japan	meat, eggs, pets		Domesticated in captivity		2b Galliformes
Common carp	1200–1500 CE	Europe, Asia	meat, pets, eggs		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Siamese fighting fish, Akbar betta, Giant betta, Slim betta, Toba betta, Spotted betta, Krabi mouth-brooding betta, Penang betta, Peaceful betta, Emerald green betta, Spotfin betta, Howong betta	19th century CE	Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo	fighting, show, pets		Tame/held captive, very significant physical and slight behavioral changes		5b Other fish
Java sparrow	Ming Dynasty	China	pets		Non-wild coloration pied and fancy colored Javas from long Asian captivity lines are hand tamable	Threatened in wild	2d Passeriformes
Northern bobwhite including subspecies Masked bobwhite	Date uncertain	United States, Sonora	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Captive bred	Plumage changes	2b Galliformes
Crested bobwhite	Date uncertain	South America	meat, eggs, pets		Captive bred		2b Galliformes
European goldfinch	Date uncertain	Europe	pets, singing		Captive bred		2d Passeriformes
Red-billed leiothrix and Silver-eared mesia	Date uncertain	China, Japan	pets, singing		Captive bred		2d Passeriformes
Indian gray mongoose	Date uncertain	India	fighting, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Gambian pouched rat, Emin's pouched rat and Southern giant pouched rat	At least 1997 but possibly early 1990s	Sub-Saharan Africa	meat, pets, landmine detection, TB detection, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Indian palm squirrel	Date uncertain	India	pets		Easy to tame		1d Rodentia
Black and Grey francolin	Date uncertain	India, Pakistan	meat, pets, fighting		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Golden pheasant and Lady Amherst's pheasant	Date uncertain	China	ornamental, pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Common and Green pheasant	Date uncertain	Asia, Japan	meat, eggs, pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Sika deer	Date uncertain	Japan, China, Taiwan	meat, antlers, hides, tourism, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Common eland including subspecies East African eland and Livingstone's eland	Date uncertain	Zimbabwe, South Africa, Kenya	meat, milk, leather, hides, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
American and Chinese alligator	Date uncertain	United States, China	pets, meat, hides, teeth, blood		Captive bred	once uncommon in the wild, captive breeding has led to the species recovering across much of its range	3c Other reptiles
Moose including subspecies Alaska moose	Date uncertain	Russia, Finland, Sweden, Alaska	research, milk, antlers, mount, draft, transportation, working, meat, hides, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
North African and Masai ostrich	Date uncertain	North Africa, West Africa, East Africa	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, mount, racing, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
South African ostrich	19th century	South Africa	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, mount, racing, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Somali ostrich	Date uncertain	Kenya	meat, eggs, feathers, mount, racing, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Budgerigar	1850s	Australia	pets, show, talking bird		Plumage changes, some breeds are physically larger	Fairly common in the wild and in captivity	2e Psittaciformes
Cockatiel	1870s	Australia	pets, show, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity	Common in the wild and in captivity	2e Psittaciformes
Major Mitchell's cockatoo	Date uncertain	Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Rocky Mountain, Roosevelt, Tule and Manitoban elk ; Altai, Manchurian and Tian Shan wapiti	Date uncertain	North America, Russia, China	meat, velvet, hides, leather, antlers, pets		Captive bred		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Stoat	1800s	Eurasia	fur, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
European mink	1800s	Europe, Russia	fur		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Coypu	late 19th to early 20th century	Argentina	fur, meat, aquatic weed control, pets		Captive bred		1d Rodentia
Western honey bee, including subspecies Italian bee, European dark bee, Carniolan honey bee, Caucasian honey bee, Greek bee, Saharan honey bee and Egyptian honey bee	4000 BCE	Europe, Asia and Africa	honey, wax, pollination, pollen, brood, royal jelly, propolis, research, venom		Tame/held in captivity. See Western honey bee for details.	Very common in captivity, feral populations common, wild status unclear	6a Hymenoptera
Common fruit fly	1910s	Australia, South Africa	research, animal feed		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Chinese hamster	1920s	China	research, biotechnology, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Rosy-faced, Yellow-collared, Fischer's, Lilian's, Black-cheeked, Black-winged, Red-headed and Grey-headed lovebird	1920s	Africa, Madagascar	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Rainbowfish	1920s	northern and eastern Australia, New Guinea, islands in Cenderawasih Bay, and the Raja Ampat Islands in Indonesia	pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		5b Other fish
Golden hamster	1930s	Syria, Turkey	pets, research		Domesticated		1d Rodentia
Turkish hamster	20th century	Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, Turkey	pets, research		Domesticated		1d Rodentia
Long-tailed chinchilla	1930s	Andes	pets, fur, research		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Short-tailed chinchilla	1930s	Andes	fur		Raised in captivity	Critically endangered in the wild	1d Rodentia
Water flea	1930s	North America, Eurasia, Africa	research, animal feed		Held/tame in captivity		6c Other arthropods
African clawed frog and Western clawed frog	1950s	South Africa, West Africa	pets, research		Captive bred		4a Anura
Sea-monkey	1950s	United States	pets, research		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
Ball, Indian, Angolan, Borneo, Sumatran short tailed and Brongersma's short-tailed python	1960s	Africa, India, Sumatra, Borneo, Malaysia	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
African rock python including subspecies Natal rock python	Date uncertain	Africa	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Burmese python including subspecies Dwarf Burmese python	Date uncertain	Myanmar, Thailand, Bali, Java, Sulawesi	pets, meat, skins, medicine		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Campbell's dwarf, Djungarian and Roborovski dwarf hamster	1960s	Mongolia, Russia, China	pets, research		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Zebra finch and Double-barred finch	20th century	Australia	pets, show		Plumage changes, some breeds are physically larger		2d Passeriformes
Axolotl ; Tiger salamander, Barred tiger salamander, Anderson's salamander, Long-toed salamander, Spotted salamander, Marbled salamander and Mole salamander	20th century	Mexico, United States	research, pets		Slight physical changes	Critically endangered in the wild	4b Other amphibians
Palm cockatoo	Date uncertain	Australia, Papua New Guinea	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Leopard gecko including subspecies Afghan leopard gecko	20th century	Pakistan, Afghanistan	pets		Slight physical modification	Somewhat common in captivity	3b Lacertilia
Iranian fat-tailed, West Indian, East Indian, Satpura and Turkmenistan eyelid gecko	Date uncertain	Iran, Iraq, India, Turkmenistan	pets		Captive bred		3b Lacertilia
American bison including subspecies Wood bison	20th century	North America	meat, leather, hides, horns, guarding, fibre, pets		Semidomesticated		1b Bovidae
Companion parrot	1980s and 1990s	Australia, Africa, Asia, North America, Central America, South America, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Fiji	pets, talking bird, ornamental, guarding, show, education, therapy		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Turquoise parrot, Blue-winged parrot, Elegant parrot and Scarlet-chested parrot	20th century	Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Dyeing, Green and black, Yellow-banded and Yellow-striped poison frog	Mid-to-late 20th century	Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, French Guiana, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela	pets		Slight physical changes; loss of toxicity		4a Anura
Diamond dove and Zebra dove	Date uncertain	Australia, Southeast Asia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2c Columbiformes
Eastern kingsnake including subspecies California kingsnake, Florida kingsnake, Mexican black kingsnake and Apalachicola Kingsnake	Date uncertain	Arizona, Florida, Mexico, California	pets		Held/tame in captivity		3a Serpentes
Grey-banded, Scarlet, Speckled, Mandrean mountain, Variable, Arizona mountain, Ruthven's, Desert and California mountain and Black kingsnake ; Guatemalan and Mexican milk snake	Date uncertain	Mexico, Guatemala, Florida, Iowa, Alabama, Arizona, Texas, California	pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		3a Serpentes
Mexican kingsnake including subspecies Thayer's kingsnake	Date uncertain	Mexico	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Prairie kingsnake including subspecies Mole kingsnake	Date uncertain	Southeastern United States, Texas	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Andean, Pueblan, Black, Honduran, Nelson's, Sinaloan, red and Eastern milk snake	Date uncertain	Mexico, Honduras, Colombia, Puebla, panama, Sonora, Indiana, Tennessee	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Corn snake, Eastern rat snake, Baird's rat snake, Great Plains rat snake, Eastern fox snake, Western rat snake, Slowinski's corn snake, Gray ratsnake and Fox snake	1960s	United States	pets		Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity, common in the wild	3a Serpentes
Muskox	1960s	United States	wool, meat, milk, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Siberian chipmunk	1960s	Russia	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Madagascar hissing cockroach and Wide-horned hisser	1960s	Madagascar	pets		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Eastern bearded dragon and Western bearded dragon	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		Slight physical changes		3b Lacertilia
Central bearded dragon	1970s	Australia	pets		Slight physical changes		3b Lacertilia
Silver carp	1970s	China	meat, algae control		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Eclectus parrot	1980s	Australia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Salmon-crested, Blue-eyed, Red-vented and Solomons cockatoo ; Long-billed, Western, Little and Tanimbar corella	1980s	Maluku Islands, Papua New Guinea, Australia, Tanimbar Islands, Philippines, Solomon Islands	pets, show, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Yellow-bellied glider	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Sugar glider	1980s	Australia	pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Rankin's dragon	1980s	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		3b Lacertilia
Buff-tailed bumblebee and Common eastern bumblebee	1980s	Europe, North America, United Kingdom	wax, pollination		Held/tame in captivity		6a Hymenoptera
Greater rhea and Darwin's rhea	1990s	South America	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, pets		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Emu	1990s	Australia	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, guarding, pets		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Giant eland	Date uncertain	West Africa	meat, leather, hides, horns, milk		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Fringe-eared oryx and Common beisa oryx	Date uncertain	Kenya	meat, leather, hides, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Degu	1990s	Chilean Andes	pets, research		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Mongolian gerbil, Persian jird, Libyan jird, Shaw's jird, Tristram's jird and Sundevall's jird	1990s	Mongolia, Algeria, Iran, Libya, Turkey, Egypt	pets, research		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Green iguana and Lesser Antillean iguana	1990s	South America, Lesser Antilles	pets, meat, leather		Captive bred		3b Lacertilia
Coastal carpet python, Southwest carpet python Inland carpet python, Diamond python, Darwin carpet python and Jungle carpet python	Date uncertain	New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Green tree python, Rough-scaled python and Bredl's python	mid-1990s	New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Red-tailed black cockatoo, Yellow-tailed black cockatoo and Glossy black cockatoo	late 1990s	Australia	pets, education		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Pin-tailed, Tricolored, Tawny-breasted, Blue-faced, Red-eared, Red-throated and Fiji parrotfinch	Date uncertain	Malaysia, Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Burma, Timor, Australia, Philippines, New Caledonia, Fiji and Thailand	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Gouldian finch	late 1990s	Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Australian green tree, Orange-eyed tree, Leaf green tree, Mountain stream tree, Magnificent tree, Growling grass, Blue Mountains tree and Dainty green tree frog	late 20th century	Australia	pets, research		Captive bred		4a Anura
Argentine, Brazilian, Venezuelan, Surinam, Caatinga, Pacific and Cranwell's horned frog	late 20th century	Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Suriname, Ecuador	pets		Captive bred		4a Anura
Crucian carp, Prussian carp, Ginbuna and Japanese white crucian carp	2000s	England, Russia, Japan	meat, pets, research		Domesticated		5a Cyprinidae
King quail	Date uncertain	Asia, Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Small-billed tinamou	Date uncertain	South America	meat, eggs		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Red-winged tinamou	Date uncertain	South America	meat, eggs		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
White-necked, Common and Australian raven ; Pied, Carrion, American, Hooded and House crow ; Rook	Date uncertain	Europe, Africa, Australia, North America, India	pest control, pets, research, show		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Southern and Abyssinian ground hornbill	Date uncertain	South Africa, Ethiopia	show, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Oriental darter	Date uncertain	India	fishing		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Southern and Northern screamer	Date uncertain	South America	guarding		Held/tame in captivity		2a Anseriformes
Horned screamer	Date uncertain	South America	guarding		Held/tame in captivity		2a Anseriformes
Red-legged seriema	Date uncertain	South America	guarding		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Black-legged seriema	Date uncertain	South America	guarding		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Golden, Eastern Imperial, Spanish Imperial, Wedge-tailed, Steppe, Tawny, African hawk-, Bonelli's, Verreaux's eagle	Date uncertain	Europe, North America, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Africa, Australia	falconry, show, intercepting, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Bald eagle, White-tailed eagle, African fish eagle, White-bellied sea eagle, Steller's sea eagle	Date uncertain	North America, Africa, Australia, Europe, Russia	falconry, show, intercepting, pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Harris's hawk	Date uncertain	United States	falconry, show, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Northern, Crested, African goshawk ; Shikra, Besra, Sharp-shinned hawk, Cooper's hawk ; Eurasian, Ovambo, Collared, Japanese, Black sparrowhawk	Date uncertain	Europe, Asia, North America, Africa	falconry, show, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Eurasian eagle-owl including subspecies Western Siberian eagle-owl, Eastern Siberian eagle-owl and Turkmenian eagle-owl	Date uncertain	Europe, Russia, Turkmenistan	show, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Great horned owl including subspecies Northern great horned owl	Date uncertain	Canada	pest control, show, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Tawny owl	Date uncertain	Europe, United Kingdom	pest control, show, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Glossy ibis	Date uncertain	Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Atlantic and Caribbean regions of the Americas	meat, eggs, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Puna ibis	Date uncertain	Peru	meat, eggs, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Wild boar including subspecies Indian wild boar	Date uncertain	Europe, United Kingdom, Thailand	meat, tusks, hides, leather, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Celebes warty pig	Date uncertain	Sulawesi	meat, tusks, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Red-necked wallaby, Tammar wallaby and Parma wallaby ; Red kangaroo	2000s	Tasmania, South Australia, Western Australia, New South Wales	lawn mowing, pets, tourism, research, meat, leather		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Tiger quoll, Eastern quoll, Western quoll and Northern quoll	Date uncertain	Australia	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Smooth-coated otter	Date uncertain	Bangladesh	fishing, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Beech marten, Sable and Yellow-throated marten	Date uncertain	Europe, Russia, India	fur, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Fisher	Date uncertain	North America	fur, research, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Siberian weasel, Least weasel and Yellow-bellied weasel ; European polecat	Date uncertain	Russia, Europe, India	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Greater and Lesser grison	Date uncertain	South America	pest control, hunting, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Patagonian weasel	Date uncertain	Argentina, Chile	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Raccoon	Date uncertain	North America	pest control, show, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
South American and White-nosed coati	Date uncertain	South America, Costa Rica	pest control, show, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Ring-tailed cat and Cacomistle	Date uncertain	North America, Central America	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Southern and Northern tamandua	Date uncertain	South America, Central America	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Lowland and Mountain paca	Date uncertain	Mexico, Argentina, Ecuador	meat, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Malayan, S unda, Indian crested, Crested, Cape and Philippine porcupine	Date uncertain	Vietnam, China, Indonesia, Philippines, India, Africa	meat, quills, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Chinese and Large bamboo rat	Date uncertain	China	meat, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Lesser bamboo rat	Date uncertain	China, Laos	meat, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Desmarest's hutia	Date uncertain	Cuba	meat, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Steppe lemming	Date uncertain	Eurasian Steppe	pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Norway lemming	20th century	Northern Fennoscandia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Pale, Lesser Egyptian, Pleasant and Greater Egyptian gerbil	Date uncertain	Egypt, Libya	pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Eurasian harvest mouse	Date uncertain	Europe	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Northeastern, Black, and Mexican spiny-tailed iguana	Date uncertain	Mexico, Central America	pets, meat		Captive bred		3b Lacertilia
Chinese cobra	Date uncertain	China, India, Philippines, Africa, Thailand, Cambodia, Arabia, Indonesia	venom, skins, show, pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Crimson rosella including subspecies Adelaide rosella and Yellow rosella	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Western, Green, Pale-headed and Northern rosella	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Eastern rosella including subspecies Golden-mantled rosella	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Hispaniolan, Colombian, Cuban, D'Orbigny's, Nicaraguan, Ornate, Jamaican and Meso-American slider	Date uncertain	Haiti, Colombia, Cuba, Brazil, Uruguay, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Mexico, Jamaica	pets		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Red-eared, Yellow-bellied and Cumberland slider	Date uncertain	United States, especially the southeastern United States	pets, meat		Easy to domesticate	Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild	3c Other reptiles
Chinese softshell turtle	Date uncertain	China	pets, meat		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Chinese pond turtle, Yellow pond turtle	Date uncertain	China	pets, meat		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Common snapping turtle	Date uncertain	Florida	pets, meat		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Golden coin turtle	Date uncertain	China	pets, meat		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Wattle-necked softshell turtle	Date uncertain	China	pets, meat		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Keeled box turtle	Date uncertain	China	meat, medicine, pets		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Arrau turtle	Date uncertain	Brazil	meat, pets		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Nile, West African, Siamese,, Cuban, Morelet's, Orinoco, American, Freshwater, Philippine, Saltwater, New Guinea and Mugger crocodile	Date uncertain	Africa, Mexico, Cuba, Colombia, Florida, India, Australia, Philippines, Thailand, Papua New Guinea, Sumatra, Borneo, Myanmar, Peru, Venezuela, Iran	meat, hides, teeth, pets, guarding, tourism, show, blood		Captive bred		3c Other reptiles
Crimson finch, Star finch, Plum-headed finch and Red-browed finch	Date uncertain	New Guinea and Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Grey partridge	Date uncertain	Hungary, United Kingdom	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Red-legged, Chukar, Philby's, Arabian and Barbary partridge	Date uncertain	France, Afghanistan, North Africa, Yemen, Oman	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Chinese and Mountain bamboo partridge	Date uncertain	China, India	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Himalayan monal	Date uncertain	Nepal	meat, eggs, feathers, ornamental, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Kalij, Swinhoe's, Salvadori's, Silver and Edwards's pheasant ; Siamese fireback	Date uncertain	Nepal, Taiwan, Vietnam, Sumatra, China, Thailand	meat, eggs, feathers, ornamental, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Red junglefowl, Grey junglefowl, Sri Lankan junglefowl and Green junglefowl	Date uncertain	India, Sri Lanka, Java, Thailand	meat, eggs, feathers, ornamental, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Scaled, Elegant, Gambel's and California quail	Date uncertain	Mexico, Utah, California	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Mountain quail	Date uncertain	California	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Montezuma quail	Date uncertain	Mexico	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Vulturine guineafowl	Date uncertain	Ethiopia	meat, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Harlequin, Rain and Stubble quail	Date uncertain	Africa, India, Australia	meat, feathers, eggs, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Edible-nest swiftlet	Date uncertain	Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore	nests		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Tarantulas	Date uncertain	North America, Central America, South America, Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia	pets, research, venom		Captive bred	Common in captivity, getting rare in the wild.	6c Other arthropods
Crested gecko and Suras gecko	Date uncertain	New Caledonia	pets		Captive bred	Somewhat common in captivity, nearly extinct in wild	3b Lacertilia
Florida manatee	Date uncertain	Florida	meat		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Sable a nd Roan antelope	Date uncertain	South Africa	meat, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Greater kudu, Nyala, Cape bushbuck	Date uncertain	South Africa	meat, hides, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Blue and Black wildebeest	Date uncertain	South Africa, Kenya	meat, hides, horns, leather, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Bontebok including subspecies Blesbok	Date uncertain	South Africa	meat, hides, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Nilgai	Date uncertain	India, Pakistan	meat, hides, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Scaly-breasted munia	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia	pets, research		Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	2d Passeriformes
Blackbuck	Date uncertain	India, Pakistan	meat, hides, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Chinkara	Date uncertain	India, Pakistan	meat, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Springbok	Date uncertain	South Africa	meat, hides, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Barbary sheep	Date uncertain	North Africa	meat, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
European mouflon and Armenian mouflon	Date uncertain	Corsica, Sardinia, Iran, Armenia	meat, wool, hides, horns, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
African buffalo	Date uncertain	South Africa	meat, leather, horns		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Collared peccary	Date uncertain	Brazil	meat, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
South African giraffe	Date uncertain	South Africa	tourism, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Thorold's deer	Date uncertain	China	meat, antlers		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
White-tailed and Mule deer	Date uncertain	Virginia, West Virginia, Colombia, Florida, Montana, Canada	meat, antlers, hides, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Chital	Date uncertain	India	meat, hides, antlers, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Water deer	Date uncertain	China	meat, tusks, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Dwarf, Alpine, White-bellied and Siberian musk deer	Date uncertain	China, India, Russia	meat, tusks, musk, hides		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Guanaco	Date uncertain	Peru	fibre, pets, guarding		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Vicuña	Date uncertain	Peru	fibre, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Southern white rhinoceros	Date uncertain	South Africa	horns		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Black rhinoceros	Date uncertain	South Africa	horns		Held/tame in captivity		1e Other mammals
Fishing and Rusty-spotted cat	Date uncertain	India	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Spotted hyena	Date uncertain	South Africa, Ethiopia, Nigeria	hunting, guarding, waste management, show, tourism, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Raccoon dog including subspecies Japanese raccoon dog	Date uncertain	China, Japan	pest control, pets, fur		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnvora
Arctic, Red Fennec, Corsac, Pale, Swift and Kit fox	Date uncertain	Europe, North America, North Africa, Central Asia, Sudan	fur, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Island and Gray fox	Date uncertain	Channel Islands, Eastern United States	pest control, pelt, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Bat-eared fox	Date uncertain	Africa	pest control, show, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Crab-eating fox	Date uncertain	South America	pest control, pets		Easy to domesticate		1c Carnivora
Dingo, New Guinea singing dog, Eurasian wolf, Iberian wolf, Steppe wolf, Mongolian wolf, Arabian wolf, Indian wolf, Arctic wolf, Greenland wolf, Northwestern wolf	Date uncertain	Australia, Papua New Guinea, Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Middle East, Canada, Greenland	guarding, pest control, warmth, hunting, tourism, education, research, show, pets, therapy, draft		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Coyote, Side-striped jackal	Date uncertain	North America, South Africa	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Meerkat	Date uncertain	South Africa	pest control, show, pets, research, education, therapy, tourism		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Common kusimanse	Date uncertain	West Africa	pets, pest control		Captive bred		1c Carnivora
Ruddy mongoose, Javan mongoose	Date uncertain	India, Southeast Asia	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Kissing gourami	Date uncertain	Thailand, Indonesia	meat, pets		Domesticated		5b Other fish
Giant gourami, Giant red tail gourami and Elephant ear gourami	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia	meat, weed control, pets		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Red-bellied piranha, San Francisco piranha and Black spot piranha	Date uncertain	South America	meat, pets, research, teeth		Semidomesticated	Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild	5b Other fish
Southern bluefin, Pacific bluefin,, Bigeye, Atlantic bluefin and Yellowfin tuna	Date uncertain	North America, Europe, East Asia, Australia, Hawaii	meat, eggs		Captive bred		5b Other fish
White, Shortnose, Persian, Siberian, Adriatic, Starry and European sea sturgeon	Date uncertain	Alaska, California, Canada, Iran, Russia, Albania, Aegean Sea, Europe	meat, eggs, pets		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Malabar, Giant, Greasy, Areolate, Dusky, Wavy-lined, Six-bar and Orange-spotted grouper	Date uncertain	Asia, Australia, Fiji, South Africa, Italy, Indo-Pacific	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Rainbow trout and Chinook salmon	Date uncertain	Europe, North America, Asia	meat, eggs		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Masu salmon including subspecies Amago	Date uncertain	Russia, Japan, Korea	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Atlantic Salmon and Brown trout	Date uncertain	Europe, United Kingdom, Canada, Chile, Russia, Australia, Tasmania, Alaska	meat, eggs		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Barramundi, Japanese lates and Nile perch	Date uncertain	United Kingdom, Poland, United States, India, Southeast Asia, Middle East, Australia, Japan, Africa	meat, pets		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Cobia	Date uncertain	United States, Asia, Panama, Mexico	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
European bass	Date uncertain	Europe	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Milkfish	Date uncertain	Philippines, Taiwan, Indonesia	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Northern pike	Date uncertain	Europe	meat, pets, research, eggs		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Alligator gar, Cuban gar and Tropical gar	Date uncertain	North America, Cuba, Costa Rica	meat, pets		Captive bred		5 Other fish
Grass carp	Date uncertain	China	meat, weed control		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Black carp	Date uncertain	China	meat, pest control, medicine		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Bighead carp	Date uncertain	China	meat		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Giant barb	Date uncertain	Vietnam	meat, pets		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Arapaima	Date uncertain	Amazon basin	meat, pets		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Wels catfish	Date uncertain	Europe	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Iridescent shark and Mekong giant catfish	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia	meat, pets		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Flathead grey mullet	Date uncertain	California, Colorado	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Green chromide, Orange chromide and Canara pearlspot	Date uncertain	India	meat, pets		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Yellowtail snapper	Date uncertain	Caribbean Sea	meat, tourism		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Northern red snapper	Date uncertain	Gulf of Mexico	meat, research		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Japanese, Greater, Yellowtail amberjack and Longfin yellowtail	Date uncertain	Japan, Mediterranean Sea, Chile, Hawaii	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Southern flounder and Olive flounder	1980s	United States, Japan, China, Korea	meat		Captive bred		5b Other fish
European, American, Short-finned, New Zealand longfin and Japanese eel	Date uncertain	Europe, North America, Asia, New Zealand, Australia	meat, pets, research, medicine		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Sugarbag bee and Indian stingless bee	Date uncertain	Australia, India	honey, pollination, propolis, wax		Held/tame in captivity		6a Hymenoptera
Dubia roach	Date uncertain	Central and South America	animal feed, pets		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Mealworm and Superworm	Date uncertain	Europe	animal feed, meat, research		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Red flour beetle	Date uncertain	United States	research		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Black soldier fly	Date uncertain	United States	meat, animal feed, pollination, decomposing		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Waxworms	Date uncertain	Europe ?	animal feed, bait, research, meat		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Mopane moth	Date uncertain	Southern Africa	meat, silk		Captive bred		6b Other insects
American cockroach	Date uncertain	North America	meat, pets, medicine		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Pacific beetle cockroach	Date uncertain	Hawaii	research		Captive bred		6b Other insects
Flame jellyfish	Date uncertain	China	meat, medicine, pets		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Giant Pacific octopus	Date uncertain	Japan, Korea	meat, pets, research		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Common, Common Sydney, Big blue, Mexican four-eyed, California two-spot, Gould, Long arm, Caribbean dwarf, East Pacific red and Caribbean reef octopus	Date uncertain	Europe, Asia, North America, Western Australia, Hawaii, Caribbean Sea	meat, ink, pets, research		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Webfoot octopus and Coconut octopus	Date uncertain	South Korea, Sulawesi	meat, pets, research		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Common periwinkle	Date uncertain	Europe	meat, shells		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Garden snail	Date uncertain	Europe	meat, shells, pets, slime, eggs		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Giant African snail, African land snail	Date uncertain	Ghana, Kenya	meat, shells, eggs, pets, slime		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Giant East African snail	Date uncertain	East Africa	meat, shells, pets, slime, education		Captive bred		7 Other animals
Pacific hagfish and Inshore hagfish	Date uncertain	United States, South Korea, Japan	meat, slime, skins		Captive bred		5b Other fish
Mangrove horseshoe crab	Date uncertain	Asia	meat, blood, eggs, pets		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
Atlantic horseshoe crab	Date uncertain	North America	meat, blood, research, pets		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
Japanese horseshoe crab and Indo-Pacific horseshoe crab	Date uncertain	Japan, China, India	meat, blood, pets		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
Mud crab	Date uncertain	Asia	meat, pets		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
Blue swimmer crab	Date uncertain	Australia	meat		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
Spanner crab	Date uncertain	Australia	meat		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
European and American lobster	Date uncertain	Europe, United States	meat		Captive bred		6c Other arthropods
American bullfrog, Northern leopard frog	Date uncertain	North America	meat, pets, education		Captive bred		4a Anura
Northern green frog	Date uncertain	North America	pets		Captive bred		4a Anura
Pool and Marsh frog	Date uncertain	Europe	meat, pets		Captive bred		4a Anura
Pig frog	Date uncertain	China	meat		Captive bred		4a Anura
Crab-eating frog	Date uncertain	Java	meat		Captive bred		4a Anura
Chinese edible frog, Indus Valley bullfrog	Date uncertain	China, Thailand	meat, pets		Captive bred		4a Anura
Chinese spiny frog	Date uncertain	China	meat		Captive bred		4a Anura

Taxonomical groupings

The categories used in Taxon group column are:

1a: Artiodactyla except Bovidae, 1b: Bovidae, 1c: Carnivora, 1d: Rodentia, 1e: Other mammals
2a: Anseriformes, 2b: Galliformes, 2c: Columbiformes, 2d: Passeriformes, 2e: Psittaciformes, 2f: Other birds
3a: Serpentes, 3b: Lacertilia, 3c: Other reptiles
4a: Anura, 4b: Other amphibians
5a: Cyprinidae, 5b: Other fish
6a: Hymenoptera, 6b: Other insects, 6c: Other arthropods

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