List of birds of New Zealand

In this list of the birds of New Zealand, the common name of the bird in New Zealand English is given first, and its Māori-language name, if different, is also noted.
The list's taxonomic treatment and nomenclature mainly follows the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2019 edition. Some supplemental referencing is that of the Avibase Bird Checklists of the World as of 2019, and the 4th edition of the Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, published in 2010 by Te Papa Press in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand, which is an authoritative list of the birds of New Zealand.
The species and subspecies marked extinct became extinct subsequent to humans' arrival in New Zealand. About two thirds of the extinctions occurred after the arrival of Māori but before the arrival of Pākehā and the rest since Pākehā arrived.
Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below occur regularly in New Zealand as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. The following codes are used to denote other categories of species:

Breeding – confirmed nesting records in New Zealand or a portion thereof.
Introduced – a species introduced to New Zealand by the actions of humans, either directly or indirectly
Extinct – a species that no longer exists
Extirpated – a species no longer found in New Zealand or a portion thereof but existing elsewhere
– a regularly occurring in New Zealand or a portion thereof. The species occurs on an annual or mostly annual basis, but does not nest in New Zealand.
Vagrant – a species rarely occurring in New Zealand or a portion thereof.
following taxonomic name:
Kiwi

Order: Apterygiformes
Family: Apterygidae
Kiwi are flightless birds all native to New Zealand. Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Southern brown kiwi Apteryx australis*			B	B
Okarito brown kiwi Apteryx rowi*			B
North Island brown kiwi Apteryx mantelli*		B
Little spotted kiwi Apteryx owenii*		B	B
Great spotted kiwi Apteryx haastii*			B

Moa

Order: Dinornithiformes
Family: Dinornithidae

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. The Cape Barren goose is also recorded as an escape from captivity in New Zealand which has bred, as well as being a vagrant from Australia as set out in the table below.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Plumed whistling-duck Dendrocygna eytoni		V	V		V
Greylag goose Anser anser		I	I		I
Canada goose Branta canadensis	V	I	I		V		V
Cape Barren goose Cereopsis novahollandiae		V	V
North Island goose Cnemiornis gracilis*		X
South Island goose Cnemiornis calcitrans *			X
Mute swan Cygnus olor		I	I
Black swan Cygnus atratus		I	I		I
Australian shelduck Tadorna tadornoides	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V
Paradise shelduck Tadorna variegata*	V	B	B	B	V
Australian wood duck Chenonetta jubata			V			V
Finsch's duck Chenonetta finschi*		X	X
Whio or blue duck Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos*		B	B
Australasian shoveler Spatula rhynchotis		B	B	V	V	V	V
Northern shoveler Spatula clypeata		V	V
Grey duck Anas superciliosa	ex	B	B	V	V	ex	ex	ex
Chatham duck Anas chathamica					X
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I
Northern pintail Anas acuta			V
Grey teal Anas gracilis		B	B	V	V	V	V	V
Chestnut teal Anas castanea		V	V
Auckland Islands teal Anas aucklandica*							B
Campbell Islands teal Anas nesiotis*								B
Brown teal Anas chlorotis*		B	B	ex	ex
Scarlett's duck Malacorhynchus scarletti*		X	X		X
Pink-eared duck Malacorhynchus membranaceus		V
Hardhead Aythya australis		V	V			V
New Zealand scaup Aythya novaeseelandiae		B	B	ex	ex
New Zealand musk duck Biziura delautouri		X	X
New Zealand merganser Mergus australis		X	X	X			X
Chatham merganser Mergus milleneri					X
New Zealand stiff-tailed duck Oxyura vantetsi		X	X

Guineafowl

Order: Galliformes
Family: Numididae
The guineafowl are a family of birds native to Africa. They typically eat insects and seeds, are ground-nesting, and resemble partridges, except with featherless heads.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Helmeted guineafowl Numida meleagris		I	I	I

New World quail

Order: GalliformesFamily: Odontophoridae
The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
California quail Callipepla californica		I	I		I

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae
Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus		I	I
Brown quail Coturnix ypsilophora		I
Koreke or New Zealand quail Coturnix novaezelandiae		X	X
Chukar Alectoris chukar			I
Red-legged partridge Alectoris rufa		I	I
Red junglefowl Gallus gallus			I
Ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus		I	I
Wild turkey Meleagris gallopavo		I	I

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Rock pigeon Columba livia		I	I	I	V	V	V
African collared-dove Streptopelia roseogrisea		I	I
Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis		I
Rose-crowned fruit-dove Ptilinopus regina
Kereru or New Zealand pigeon Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae		B	B	B
Parea or Chatham Island pigeon Hemiphaga chathamensis					B

Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Long-tailed koel Eudynamys taitensis	P	B	B		P	P	P
Channel-billed cuckoo Scythrops novaehollandiae		V	V
Shining bronze-cuckoo Chrysococcyx lucidus	P	B	B	B	B	P	P
Pallid cuckoo Cacomantis pallidus		V	V
Fan-tailed cuckoo Cacomantis flabelliformis		V	V
Oriental cuckoo Cuculus optatus	V	V	V	V		V

Owlet-nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Aegothelidae
The owlet-nightjars are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from the Maluku Islands and New Guinea to Australia and New Caledonia.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
New Zealand owlet-nightjar Aegotheles novaezealandiae		X	X

Swifts

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Apodidae
Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
White-throated needletail Hirandapus caudacutus	P	P	P	P	P	P
Pacific swift Apus pacificus		V	V		V		V

Adzebills

Order: GruiformesFamily: Aptornithidae
The adzebills, genus Aptornis, were two closely related bird species of the extinct family Aptornithidae.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
North Island adzebill Aptornis otidiformis		X
South Island adzebill Aptornis defossor			X

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Corn crake Crex crex		V
Auckland Islands rail Lewinia muelleri							B
Weka Gallirallus australis		B	B	B	I
Buff-banded rail Gallirallus philippensis		B	B	B
Chatham Islands rail Cabalus modestus					X
Dieffenbach's rail Gallirallus dieffenbachii					X
Snipe-rail Capellirallus karamu		X
Hawkins's rail Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi					X
Black-tailed nativehen Tribonyx ventralis		V	V
Hodgen's waterhen Tribonyx hodgenorum		X	X
Australian crake Porzana fluminea		V
Eurasian moorhen Gallinula chloropus			V
Dusky moorhen Gallinula tenebrosa			V
New Zealand coot Fulica prisca		X	X
Eurasian coot Fulica atra		B	B
Chatham coot Fulica chathamensis					X
North Island takahē Porphyrio mantelli		X
South Island takahē Porphyrio hochstetteri			B
Pukeko Porphyrio melanotus	B	B	B	B	B			V
Marsh crake Zapornia pusilla		B	B	B	B
Spotless crake Zapornia tabuensis	B	B	B		ex

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Brolga Antigone rubicunda		V	V

Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Pied stilt Himantopus leucocephalus		B	B	B
Black stilt Himantopus novaezelandiae		P	B
Red-necked avocet Recurvirostra novaehollandiae		V	V

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prying open molluscs.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
South Island oystercatcher Haematopus finschi	V	P	B	P	V	V	V	V
Chatham oystercatcher Haematopus chathamensis					B
Variable oystercatcher Haematopus unicolor		B	B	B

Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Black-bellied plover Pluvialis squatarola	V	V	V		V
American golden-plover Pluvialis dominucus		V
Pacific golden-plover Pluvialis fulva	P	P	P	P	P		V
Masked lapwing or spur-wing plover Vanellus miles	V	B	B	B	B	V	V	V	V
Red-breasted dotterel Charadrius obscurus		B	B	P
Lesser sand-plover Charadrius mongolus		P	P		V
Greater sand-plover Charadrius leschenaulti		P	P
Double-banded plover Charadrius bicinctus	V	B	B	B	B		B	P
Red-capped plover Charadrius ruficapillus		V	V
Common ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula		V
Semipalmated plover Charadrius semipalmatus		V
Oriental plover Charadrius veredus	V	V	V		V
Red-kneed dotterel Elsyornis cinctus		V
Shore plover Thinornis novaeseelandiae		B	B	B	B
Black-fronted dotterel Elseyornis melanops		B	B
Wrybill Anarhynchus frontalis		P	B

Painted-snipes

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae
Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Greater painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis			V
Australian painted-snipe Rostratula australis			V

Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae
The Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Upland sandpiper Bartramia longicauda		V
Bristle-thighed curlew Numenius tahitiensis	V
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus	V	P	P		V
Little curlew Numenius minutus		P	P
Far Eastern curlew Numenius madagascarensis	V	P	P	V	V			V
Bar-tailed godwit Limosa lapponica		P	P
Black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa		P	P		P		V
Hudsonian godwit Limosa haemastica		P	P		P			V
Ruddy turnstone Arenaria interpres	V	P	P	P	P	V	P	V	V
Great knot Calidris tenuirostris		P	P
Red knot Calidris canutus	V	P	P		P		V	V
Ruff Calidris pugnax		V
Broad-billed sandpiper Calidris falcinellus		V	V
Sharp-tailed sandpiper Calidris acuminata	V	P	P	P	P	V	V
Stilt sandpiper Calidris himantopus			V
Curlew sandpiper Calidris ferruginea		P	P		V		V
Long-toed stint Calidris subminuta			V
Red-necked stint Calidris ruficollis		P	P		V		V
Sanderling Calidris alba		P	P		V
Dunlin Calidris alpina		V
Baird's sandpiper Calidris bairdii		V
Little stint Calidris minuta			V
Least sandpiper Calidris minutilla		V
White-rumped sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis		V
Buff-breasted sandpiper Calidris subruficollis		V
Pectoral sandpiper Calidris melanotos		P	P		V
Western sandpiper Calidris mauri		V	V
Asian dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus		V	V
North Island snipe Coenocorypha barrierensis		X
South Island snipe Coenocorypha iredalei			X	X
Chatham Islands snipe Coenocorypha pusilla					B
Forbes's snipe Coenocorypha chathamica					X
Snares Island snipe Coenocorypha huegeli						B
Subantarctic snipe Coenocorypha aucklandica							B	B	B
Latham's snipe Gallinago hardwickii		V	V	V		V
Terek sandpiper Xenus cinereus		V	V
Wilson's phalarope Phalaropus tricolor		V	V
Red-necked phalarope Phalaropus lobatus		V	V
Red phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius		V	V
Common sandpiper Tringa hypoleucos		V	V	V
Grey-tailed tattler Tringa brevipes	V	P	P		V	V	V
Wandering tattler Tringa incana	V	P	P		V		V
Common greenshank Tringa nebularia		P	P		V	V		V
Lesser yellowlegs Tringa flavipes		V	V		V
Marsh sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis		P	P		P

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae
Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like swallows, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Oriental pratincole Glareola maldivarum	V	V	V	V

Skuas and jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae
They are in general medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
South polar skua Stercorarius maccormicki	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V
Brown skua Stercorarius antarcticus	P	P	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	P
Pomarine jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus		P	P		P
Parasitic jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus	V	P	P		P				V
Long-tailed jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus		P	P		P

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.

Species

Kermadecs

North I

South I

Stewart

Chathams

Snares

Auckland

Campbell

Antipodes

Bounty

Black-billed gull
Chroicocephalus bulleri

Silver gull
Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae

Laughing gull
Leucophaeus atricilla

Franklin's gull
Leucophaeus pipixcan

Pacific gull
Larus pacificus

Kelp gull
(karoro\\

Tropicbirds

Order: PhaethontiformesFamily: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
White-tailed tropicbird Phaethon lepturus		V
Red-tailed tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda	B	P

Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes
Family: Spheniscidae
The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
King penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus			V	V	V	V	V	V	V
Emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri		V	V
Adelie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae			V
Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua			V			V		V	V
Chinstrap penguin Pygoscelis antarcticus			V					V	V
Yellow-eyed penguin Megadyptes antipodes *		V	B	B	V	V	B	B
Waitaha penguin Megadyptes waitaha *			X	X
Little penguin Eudyptula minor		B	B	B	B	V
Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus		V	V
Fiordland penguin Eudyptes pachyrhynchus*		V	B	B		V	V	V
Erect-crested penguin Eudyptes sclateri*		V	V	V	V	V	V	V	B	B
Macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus						V		V
Royal penguin Eudyptes schlegeli		V	V		V	V		V	V
Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome						V
Moseley's rockhopper penguin Eudyptes moseleyi		V			V
Snares penguin Eudyptes robustus*		V	V	V	V	B	V	V	V

Albatrosses (toroa)

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae
The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world.

Southern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae
The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Northern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae
Northern storm-petrels are small birds which spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering or pattering across the water. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Leach's storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa		V			V

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Frigatebirds

Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae
Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white, or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Lesser frigatebird Fregata ariel		V	V		V
Great frigatebird Fregata minor		V	V

Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Masked booby Sula dactylatra	B	V
Brown booby Sula leucogaster	P	P	P	V
Red-footed booby Sula sula	V
Cape gannet Morus capensis		V
Tākapu or Australasian gannet Morus serrator		B	B	P	P	P	P	P

Anhingas

Order: SuliformesFamily: Anhingidae
Anhingas or darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.
The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australasian darter Anhinga novaehollandiae		V	V

Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae
The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Little pied cormorant Microcarbo melanoleucos		B	B	B	V	V	V	V
Great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo		B	B	B	V	V	V
Spotted shag Phalacrocorax punctatus		B	B
Pitt Island shag Phalacrocorax featherstoni					B
Little black cormorant Phalacrocorax sulcirostris		B	B	V		V
Pied cormorant Phalacrocorax varius		B	B
Bounty Islands shag Phalacrocorax ranfurlyi									V	B
New Zealand king shag Phalacrocorax carunculatus			B
Stewart Island shag Phalacrocorax chalconotus			B	B
Chatham Islands shag Phalacrocorax onslowi					B
Auckland Islands shag Phalacrocorax colensoi						V	B
Campbell Islands shag Phalacrocorax campbelli								B
Macquarie shag Phalacrocorax purpurascens									V

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae
Pelicans are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australian pelican Pelecanus conspicillatus		V	V

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australasian bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus		P	P	P	P
Black-backed bittern Ixobrychus dubius			V
New Zealand bittern Ixobrychus novaezelandiae		X	X		X
Grey heron Ardea cinerea		V
Pacific heron Ardea pacifica	V	V	V
Great egret Ardea alba	V	P	B	V	V	V
Intermediate egret Ardea intermedia		V	V
White-faced heron Egretta novaehollandiae	V	B	B	V	B	V	V	V
Little egret Egretta garzetta	V	V	V
Pacific reef-heron Egretta sacra	V	B	B	P	V		V
Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis	V	P	P	P	V	V
Rufous night-heron Nycticorax caledonicus		B	V	V		V

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae
The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Glossy ibis Plegadis falcinellus		P	P		V
Australian ibis Threskiornis molucca		V	V
Straw-necked ibis Threskiornis spinicollis			V
Royal spoonbill Platalea regia	V	B	B		V
Yellow-billed spoonbill Platalea flavipes		V

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and includes the osprey, hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Swamp harrier Circus approximans	P	B	B	B	B	P	P	P
Black kite Milvus migrans		V	V
Eyles's harrier Circus eylesi		X	X
Haast's eagle Harpagornis moorei			X	X
White-bellied sea-eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster		V

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Barn owl Tyto alba		B	V

Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Little owl Athene noctua			I
Morepork Ninox novaeseelandiae		B	B	B		V
Laughing owl Sceloglaux albifacies		X	X	X

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Laughing kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae		I	V
Sacred kingfisher Todiramphus sacra	B	B	B	B	V

Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis		V	V

Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australian kestrel Falco cenchroides		V	V
Karearea or New Zealand falcon Falco novaeseelandiae		B	B	P	ex	P	B
Black falcon Falco subniger		V

New Zealand parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Strigopidae
The New Zealand parrot superfamily, Strigopoidea, consists of at least three genera of parrots – Nestor, Strigops, the fossil Nelepsittacus, and probably the fossil Heracles. The genus Nestor consists of the kea, kaka, Norfolk Island kaka and Chatham Island kaka, while the genus Strigops contains the iconic kakapo. All extant species are endemic to New Zealand. The species of the genus Nelepsittacus were endemics of the main islands, while the two extinct species of the genus Nestor were found at the nearby oceanic islands such as Chatham Island of New Zealand, and Norfolk Island and adjacent Phillip Island.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Kea Nestor notabilis			B
Kaka Nestor meridionalis		B	B	B
Chatham kaka Nestor chathamensis					X
Kakapo Strigops habroptilus		B	B	B

Cockatoos

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Cacatuidae
The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Galah Eolophus roseicapillus		I
Sulphur-crested cockatoo Cacatua galerita		I	I

Old world parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittaculidae
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from to in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri		I	I
Antipodes parakeet Cyanoramphus unicolor									B
Kakariki or red-crowned parakeet Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae	B	B	B	B	B		B
Reischek's parakeet Cyanoramphus hochstetteri									B
Kakariki or yellow-crowned parakeet Cyanoramphus auriceps		B	B	B
Chatham Islands parakeet Cyanoramphus forbesi					B
Orange-fronted parakeet Cyanoramphus malherbi			B
Crimson rosella Platycercus elegans		I	I
Eastern rosella Platycercus eximius		I	I	V
Rainbow lorikeet Trichoglossus moluccanus		I

New Zealand wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acanthisittidae
The New Zealand wrens are a family of tiny passerines endemic to New Zealand. They were represented by six known species in four or five genera, although only two species survive in two genera today. They are understood to form a distinct lineage within the passerines, but authorities differ on their assignment to the oscines or suboscines.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Lyall's wren Traversia lyalli		X	X
Rifleman Acanthisitta chloris		B	B	ex
Bush wren Xenicus longipes		X	X	X
South Island wren Xenicus gilviventris			B
South Island stout-legged wren Pachyplichas yaldwyni			X
North Island stout-legged wren Pachyplichas jagmi		X
Long-billed wren Dendroscansor decurvirostris			X

Honeyeaters

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Meliphagidae
The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family, Meliphagidae, of small to medium-sized birds. The family includes the Australian chats, myzomelas, friarbirds, wattlebirds, miners and melidectes. They are most common in Australia and New Guinea, but also found in New Zealand, the Pacific islands as far east as Samoa and Tonga, and the islands to the north and west of New Guinea known as Wallacea.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Tui Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae	B	B	B	B	B		B
New Zealand bellbird Anthornis melanura		B	B	B		B	V
Chatham bellbird Anthornis melanocephala					X
Red wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata		V

Thornbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acanthizidae
The Acanthizidae are small- to medium-sized birds with short rounded wings, slender bills, long legs, and a short tail. The golden-bellied gerygone is the only member of the family found in mainland Asia.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Grey gerygone Gerygone igata		B	B	B		V
Chatham Island gerygone Gerygone albofrontata					B

Cuckooshrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae
The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some minivet species are brightly coloured.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Black-faced cuckooshrike Coracina novaehollandiae		V	V	V
White-winged triller Lalage tricolor			V

Whiteheads

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mohouidae
Mohoua is a small genus of three bird species endemic to New Zealand. The scientific name is taken from mohua – the Māori name for the Yellowhead. Their taxonomic placement has presented problems: They have typically been placed in the whistler family, Pachycephalidae, but in 2013 it was established that they are best placed in their own family, Mohouidae.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Whitehead Mohoua albicilla		B
Yellowhead Mohoua ochrocephala			B	B
Pipipi Mohoua novaeseelandiae			B	B

Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae
The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds which are not closely related to the New World orioles

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
South Island piopio Turnagra capensis			X
North Island piopio Turnagra tanagra		X

Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Artamidae
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Masked woodswallow Artamus personatus			V
White-browed woodswallow Artamus superciliosus		V	V
Dusky woodswallow Artamus cyanopterus				V
Australian magpie Gymnorhina tibicen		I	I

Fantails

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Rhipiduridae
The fantails are small insectivorous birds with longish, frequently fanned, tails.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Fantail Rhipidura fuliginosa		B	B	B	B	ex
Willie wagtail Rhipidura leucophrys					V

Monarch flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by gleaning, hovering or flycatching.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Black-faced monarch Monarcha melanopsis		V
Magpie-lark Grallina cyanoleuca			V
Satin flycatcher Myiagra cyanoleuca		V	V

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
New Zealand raven Corvus antipodum		X	X	X
Chatham raven Corvus moriorum					X
Rook Corvus frugilegus		I	I	I	I

Wattlebirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Callaeidae
Callaeidae is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the South Island kokako is critically endangered and may be extinct.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
North Island kōkako Callaeas wilsoni		B
South Island kōkako Callaeas cinereus			B?	ex
North Island saddleback Philesturnus rufusater		B
South Island saddleback Philesturnus carunculatus			B	B
Huia Heteralocha acutirostris		X

Stitchbird

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Notiomystidae
The stitchbird or hihi is a honeyeater-like bird endemic to the North Island and adjacent offshore islands of New Zealand. Its evolutionary relationships have long puzzled ornithologists, but it is now classed as the only member of its own family, the Notiomystidae.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Stitchbird Notiomystis cincta		B

Australasian robins

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Petroicidae
The bird family Petroicidae includes 49 species in 19 genera. All are endemic to Australasia: New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and numerous Pacific Islands as far east as Samoa. For want of an accurate common name, the family is often called the Australasian robins. Within the family the species are known not only as robins but as scrub-robins and flyrobins. They are, however, only distantly related to the Old World family Muscicapidae and the monarch flycatchers.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
North Island robin Petroica longipes		B
South Island robin Petroica australis			B	B
Tomtit Petroica macrocephala		B	B	B	B	B	B
Chatham robin Petroica traversi					B

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Eurasian skylark Alauda arvensis		I	I		I

Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australian reed warbler Acrocephalus australis			V

Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Chatham Islands fernbird Megalurus rufescens					X
New Zealand fernbird Megalurus punctatus		B	B	B		B

Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Welcome swallow Hirundo neoxena	B	B	B	B	B	P	P	V
Fairy martin Petrochelidon ariel		V	V			V
Tree martin Petrochelidon nigricans		V	V		V	V

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red, or orange vents, cheeks, throats, or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Red-vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer		I

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae
The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Silvereye Zosterops lateralis	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
European starling Sturnus vulgaris	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	V
Common myna Acridotheres tristis		I

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Song thrush Turdus philomelos	I	I	I	I	I	I	V	V	V
Eurasian blackbird Turdus merula	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	V

Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae
The accentors are a genus of birds in the family Prunellidae, which is the only bird family endemic to the Palearctic. This small group of closely related passerines are all in the genus Prunella.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Dunnock Prunella modularis		I	I	I	I	V	B	B	B

Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
House sparrow Passer domesticus		I	I	I	I	V	V	V	V

Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australasian pipit Anthus novaeseelandiae	V	B	B	B	B	V	B		B

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Common chaffinch Fringilla coelebs	V	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	V
European greenfinch Chloris chloris	V	I	I	I	I	V		V
Common redpoll Acanthis flammea	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I
Lesser redpoll Acanthis cabaret	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I
European goldfinch Carduelis carduelis	V	I	I	I	I	V	V	V	V

Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus		I	I
Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella	I	I	I	I	I	V	V	V	V

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