List of Ohlone villages


Over 50 villages and tribes of the Ohlone Native American people have been identified as existing in Northern California circa 1769 in the regions of the San Francisco Peninsula, Santa Clara Valley, East Bay, Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey Bay and Salinas Valley. The known tribe names and village locations of people who spoke the Costanoan languages are listed by regions below.

San Francisco Peninsula

Languages spoken: Ramaytush, Tamyen on southern border
Tribes and villages of the San Francisco Peninsula:
  1. Ahwaste - the San Francisco Peninsula
  2. Chiguan - Pacific Coast of San Francisco Peninsula vicinity of Half Moon Bay
  3. Cotegen - Pacific Coast south of Half Moon Bay
  4. Lamchin - present-day San Mateo County, Bay shore from Belmont south to Redwood City and valleys to the west
  5. Oljon - Pacific Coast on lower San Gregorio Creek and Pescadero Creek
  6. Quiroste - Pacific Coast from Bean Hollow Creek to Ano Nuevo Creek
  7. name unknown - At Tunitas Creek
  8. Romonan - the San Francisco Peninsula
  9. Ssalson - along San Mateo Creek, in San Andreas Valley. Had 3 villages:
  10. * Aleitac - along San Mateo Creek in San Andreas Valley
  11. * Altahmo - - along San Mateo Creek in San Andreas Valley
  12. * Uturbe - along San Mateo Creek in San Andreas Valley
  13. Pruristac - One mile from the Pacific Coast in San Pedro Valley, near San Pedro Creek, present day Pacifica
  14. Timigtac - half mile from Pacific Coast, on bank of Calera Creek, present-day Pacifica
  15. Tulomo - the San Francisco Peninsula
  16. Urebure - San Bruno Creek south of San Bruno Mountain
  17. Yelamu - northern San Francisco Peninsula
  18. * Amuctac - near Visitacion Valley in San Francisco
  19. * Abmoctac connected with Dolores Mission
  20. * Acnagis connected with Dolores Mission
  21. * Acynm connected with Dolores Mission
  22. * Aleta connected with Dolores Mission
  23. * Aluenchi connected with Dolores Mission
  24. * Amutaja connected with Dolores Mission
  25. * Anamas connected with Dolores Mission
  26. * Anamon connected with Dolores Mission
  27. * Anchin connected with Dolores Mission
  28. * Aramay connected with Dolores Mission
  29. * Assunta connected with Dolores Mission
  30. * Atarpe connected with Dolores Mission
  31. * Cachanegtac connected with Dolores Mission
  32. * Caprnp connected with Dolores Mission
  33. * Carascan connected with Dolores Mission
  34. * Cazopo connected with Dolores Mission
  35. * Chagunte connected with Dolores Mission
  36. * Chanigtac connected with Dolores Mission
  37. * Chapngtac connected with Dolores Mission
  38. * Chayen connected with Dolores Mission
  39. * Chicntae connected with Dolores Mission
  40. * Chiguau connected with Dolores Mission
  41. * Chipisclin connected with Dolores Mission
  42. * Chipletac connected with Dolores Mission
  43. * Chiputca connected with Dolores Mission
  44. * Chuchictac connected with Dolores Mission
  45. * Churmutce connected with Dolores Mission
  46. * Chuscan connected with Dolores Mission
  47. * Chutchin connected with Dolores Mission
  48. * Chynau connected with Dolores Mission
  49. * Conop connected with Dolores Mission
  50. * Elarroyde connected with Dolores Mission
  51. * Flunmuda connected with Dolores Mission
  52. * Gamchines connected with Dolores Mission
  53. * Genau connected with Dolores Mission
  54. * Guanlen connected with Dolores Mission
  55. * Guloismistae connected with Dolores Mission
  56. * Halchis connected with Dolores Mission
  57. * Horocroc connected with Dolores Mission
  58. * Huimen connected with Dolores Mission
  59. * Hunctu connected with Dolores Mission
  60. * Itaes connected with Dolores Mission
  61. * Joquizara connected with Dolores Mission
  62. * Josquigard connected with Dolores Mission
  63. * Juniamuc connected with Dolores Mission
  64. * Juris connected with Dolores Mission
  65. * Lamsim connected with Dolores Mission
  66. * Libantone connected with Dolores Mission
  67. * Livangebra connected with Dolores Mission
  68. * Livangelva connected with Dolores Mission
  69. * Luianeglua connected with Dolores Mission
  70. * Luidneg connected with Dolores Mission
  71. * Macsinum connected with Dolores Mission
  72. * Malvaitac connected with Dolores Mission
  73. * Mitline connected with Dolores Mission
  74. * Muingpe connected with Dolores Mission
  75. * Naig connected with Dolores mission
  76. * Olemos. A former rancheria connected with Dolores
  77. * Olestura rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  78. * Olpen rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  79. * Ompivromo connected with Dolores mission
  80. * Olmolosoc rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  81. * Otoacte connected with Dolores Mission
  82. * Ousint connected with Dolores mission
  83. * Patnetac connected with Dolores mission
  84. * Pructaca connected with Dolores mission
  85. * Proqueu connected with Dolores mission
  86. * Purutea connected with Dolores mission
  87. * Puycone connected with Dolores mission
  88. * Sadaues rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  89. * Sagunte connected with Dolores mission
  90. * 8araise connected with Dolores mission
  91. * Sarontac connected with Dolores mission
  92. * Satumuo rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  93. * Saucon connected with Dolores mission
  94. * Sicca connected with Dolores mission
  95. * Sipanum connected with Dolores mission
  96. * Siscastac connected to Dolores Mission
  97. * Sitintajea rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  98. * Sitlintaj rancheria connected with Dolores mission
  99. * Ssalayme connected with Dolores Mission
  100. * Ssichitca connected with Dolores Mission
  101. * Ssiti connected with Dolores Mission
  102. * Ssogereate connected with Dolores Mission
  103. * Saupichum connected with Dolores Mission
  104. * Subchiam connected with Dolores mission
  105. * Suchigin connected with Dolores mission
  106. * Suchui connected with Dolores mission
  107. * Sunchaque connected with Dolores mission
  108. * Tatquinte connected with Dolores mission
  109. * Timsim connected with Dolores mission
  110. * Titiyu connected with Dolores mission
  111. * Torose connected with Dolores mission
  112. * Totola connected with Dolores mission
  113. * Tubisuste connected with Dolores mission
  114. * Tuca connected with Dolores mission
  115. * Tupuic connected with Dolores mission
  116. * Tupuinte connected with Dolores mission
  117. * Tuzsint connected with Dolores mission
  118. * Ussete connected with Dolores mission
  119. * Vagerpe connected with Dolores mission
  120. * Yacomui connected with Dolores mission
  121. * Zomiomi connected with Dolores mission
  122. * Zucigin connected with Dolores mission
  123. * Chutchui - near the present day site of Mission Dolores in San Francisco.
  124. * Uchium - A division of the Olamentke, and according to Chamisso one of the most numerous connected with Dolores mission in 1816
  125. * Petlenuc - near the Presidio of San Francisco
  126. * Sitlintac - near Mission Creek in San Francisco
  127. * Tubsinta - near Visitacion Valley in San Francisco
  128. Puichon - near present-day Menlo Park, Palo Alto and Mountain View
  129. Tuchayune - Fishing village on Yerba Buena Island
The following tribes furnished most of the converts at Mission Dolores:
Ahwaste, Bolbone, Chiguau, Cuchillones, Chuscan, Cotejen, Junatca, Karkin,
Khulpuni, Olemos, Olhon, Olmolococ, Olpen, Quemelentus, Quirogles, Saclan,
Salzon, Sanchines, Saucou, Sichican, Uchium & Uquitinac.

Santa Clara Valley

Languages spoken: Tamyen, Chochenyo on eastern fringes
Tamyen language region - tentatively Santa Clara Valley along Guadalupe River and west through Cupertino.
Tribes and villages of Santa Clara Valley:
  1. Alson - low marshlands at southern end of San Francisco Bay, present-Day Newark, Milpitas and Alviso
  2. Asirin - Coast Ranges east of Santa Clara Valley
  3. Aulintac - along Coyote Creek
  4. Churistac - cover term for cluster of villages in the mountains east of Morgan Hill
  5. Matalan - Santa Clara Valley from Coyote to Morgan Hill
  6. Pala - mountains of Hall's Valley between Santa Clara Valley and Mount Hamilton
  7. Ritocsi - Santa Clara Valley at Upper Guadalupe River and central Coyote Creek
  8. San Bernardino Group - Santa Clara Valley unknown location. See Partacsi.
  9. * Lamaytu - Santa Clara Valley
  10. * Muyson - Santa Clara Valley
  11. * Pornen - Santa Clara Valley
  12. * Solchequis - Santa Clara Valley
  13. So-co-is-u-ka - The original site of the Mission Santa Clara on the Guadalupe River, 1777.
  14. "Santa Ysabel" - eastern Santa Clara Valley and Upper Calaveras Creek
  15. Somontac - tentatively Los Gatos region of Santa Clara Valley, and/or a village of the Matalan
  16. Thamien - The original site of the Mission Santa Clara on the Guadalupe River, 1777.
  17. Tayssen - large area of eastern Coast Ranges east and southeast of Santa Clara Valley
  18. Junas - probably in Hospital Creek drainage or San Antonio Valley of Diablo Range
  19. Werwersen - vicinity of Mount Hamilton, Diablo Range

    East Bay area

Languages spoken: Chochenyo, Karkin in the north
Tribes and villages of the East Bay area:
  1. Causen - - Sunol Valley
  2. Huchian - large area of East Bay shore, from Temescal Creek to present-day Richmond
  3. Huchiun-Aguasto - East Bay on Southeast shores of San Pablo Bay
  4. Karkin - - on both sides of Carquinez Strait, present-day Crockett, Port Costa, Martinez and Benicia
  5. Luecha - Southeast of Livermore
  6. Jalquin/Yrgen - Present day Hayward, Castro Valley
  7. Pelnen - western part of Livermore Valley, from Pleasanton to Dublin
  8. Seunen - Northwest side of Livermore Valley
  9. Souyen - Marshland of Livermore Valley and up Tassajara Creek into southern foothills of Mount Diablo
  10. Ssaoam - around Brushy Peak and Altamont Pass, between Livermore Valley and San Joaquin Valley
  11. * Yulian
  12. Taunan - mountainous parts of Alameda Creek and Arroyo del Valle south to Alameda-Contra Costa County line
  13. Tuibun - mouth of Alameda Creek and Coyote Hills area, eastern shore of San Francisco Bay
  14. Saclan - A former group or division of the Costanoan family inhabiting the shore at or south of Oakland

    Santa Cruz Mountains

Languages spoken: Awaswas, Tamyen on eastern border
Tribes and villages of the Santa Cruz Mountains:
  1. Achista - Santa Cruz Mountains, present-day Boulder Creek, and Riverside Grove
  2. Chalumu, current location of city of Santa Cruz
  3. Chaloctac - around Loma Prieta Creek on crest of Santa Cruz Mountains
  4. Chitactac - Santa Cruz Mountains and/or Santa Clara Valley
  5. Cotoni - Pacific Coast at present-day Davenport
  6. Olpen - interior hills and valleys in Santa Cruz Mountains, La Honda Creek, Corte de Madera Creek
  7. Partacsi - Saratoga Gap mountainous area, upper Pescadero Creek, Stevens Creek, and Saratoga Creek watersheds. Tentatively the village and center of San Bernardino tribal groups.
  8. Sayanta - Scotts Valley, Glenwood, and Laurel areas
  9. Sokel - present-day Aptos

    Monterey Bay area

Languages spoken: Awaswas north coast, Rumsen south coast, Mutsun inland
Tribes and villages of the Monterey Bay area:
  1. Aptos - Shores of Monterey Bay from Aptos east, halfway up Pajaro River
  2. Cajastaca - north or northeast of Watsonville, near the Pajaro River
  3. Ichxenta - At San Jose Creek, near Point Lobos State Reserve.
  4. Kalindaruk - Monterey County
  5. Rumsien - Carmel River, roughly 5 miles inland from San Carlos Mission and Pacific Coast
  6. Uypi - present-day City of Santa Cruz
  7. Wacharon - near present-day Moss Landing

    Salinas Valley

Languages spoken: Rumsen, Mutsun, Chalon
Tribes and villages of Salinas Valley:
  1. Ansaime - east side of San Felipe sink on Pacheco Creek
  2. Chipuctac- Cañada de los Osos area northeast of Gilroy
  3. Mutsun - at the Mission San Juan Bautista, on San Benito River, west of present-day city of Hollister.
  4. Pitac - possibly San Martin area or else part of Unijama in the Gilroy area
  5. Tomoi - in the general area of Pacheco Pass
  6. Unijaima - Gilroy and Carnadero areas
  7. Wachero-n - at site of Mission Soledad on Salinas River