Liga FPD
The Liga de Fútbol de Primera División, commonly known as Liga FPD, and Liga Promérica for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional association football division in Costa Rica. It is administered by the Unión de Clubes de Fútbol de la Primera División. The league consists of 12 teams, with the last-placed team relegated to the Liga de Ascenso.
The International Federation of Football History & Statistics ranks the Liga FPD as the 51st strongest league in the world, and the 2nd strongest within CONCACAF, behind Mexico's Liga MX.
The league was founded in 1921, with Herediano crowned as the first champions. Saprissa is the most successful club having won the championship a record 35 times. Saprissa, Alajuelense and Herediano have dominated the league.
Competition format
The Liga FPD features a format in which two separate tournaments are held over the course of one particular season. The Torneo de Apertura lasts from July to December, while the Torneo de Clausura lasts from January to May. and Torneo de VeranoA separate tournament is played on stages. The first stage follows the usual double round-robin format. During the course of a tournament, each club plays every other club twice, once at home and once away, for a total of 22 matchdays. Teams receive three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, with the top-four clubs at the end of the stage qualifying to the second stage. The second stage consists of a quadrangular in which the best four teams qualified will face each other twice again, adding 6 additional matchdays. If the top team of the first stage also wins the quadrangular, the club will be crowned as champions; otherwise, a double-legged final will be played between the winners of the first stage and the winners of the quadrangular to determine the champion.
Promotion and relegation
A system of promotion and relegation exists between the Primera División and the Segunda División. In spite of having two champions during a regular season, the Liga FPD only relegates one team per season based on the aggregate performance in both Apertura and Clausura tournaments. The last-placed team in the aggregate table is relegated to the Liga de Ascenso.Qualifying for CONCACAF competitions
The top teams in the Liga FPD qualify to the CONCACAF Champions League. Starting in the 2017–18 season, the CONCACAF Champions League will be separated into two stages. The first stage is CONCACAF League, which consists of sixteen teams from Central America and the Caribbean, in which the winner qualifies to the second stage, the Champions League, joining other fifteen teams. Because of this format, the qualification criteria in the Liga FPD are:- If one team wins both the Apertura and Clausura tournaments
- *The double champion will qualify directly to the second stage of the Champions League
- *The two non-champion teams with the best aggregate record at the end of the season will qualify to the CONCACAF League
- If two teams are crowned champions over the season
- *The champion with the best aggregate record will qualify directly to the second stage of the Champions League
- *The champion with the worst aggregate record will qualify to the CONCACAF League
- *The non-champion team with the best aggregate record will qualify to the CONCACAF League
History
The first season of the Costa Rican Primera División was played in 1921 with seven teams: Alajuelense, Cartaginés, Herediano, La Libertad, Sociedad Gimnástica Española, Sociedad Gimnástica Limonense and La Unión de Tres Ríos. La Libertad and Gimnástica Limonense played the first ever match of the Liga FPD, with La Libertad emerging victorious with a lone goal scored by Rafael Madrigal. Herediano were crowned as champions.
In 1999, the Costa Rican Football Federation created the UNAFUT, an entity designed for the organization and administration of the Primera División tournament and its youth leagues.
On 9 January 2014, UNAFUT decided to rename the tournament to Liga FPD, in order to give more identity to the league.
The main rivalry in the league is El Clásico, played by Alajuelense and Saprissa, as both teams are the most successful in the league and both share the vast majority of followers throughout the country. Since their first encounter at the old national stadium on 12 October 1949, the two teams have faced each other in over 300 matches, with the winning balance in favor of Saprissa.
Clubs
The league currently consists of the following 12 clubs.Team | Location | Stadium | Capacity |
Liga Deportiva Alajuelense | Alajuela, Alajuela | Alejandro Morera Soto | 18,000 |
Club Sport Cartaginés | Cartago, Cartago | José Rafael "Fello" Meza | 13,500 |
Municipal Grecia | Grecia, Alajuela | Allen Riggioni | 4,000 |
Guadalupe F.C. | Guadalupe, San José | "Colleya" Fonseca | 4,500 |
Club Sport Herediano | Heredia, Heredia | Eladio Rosabal Cordero | 8,500 |
Limón F.C. | Limón, Limón | Estadio Juan Gobán | 3,000 |
A.D. Municipal Pérez Zeledón | San Isidro de El General, San José | Estadio Municipal | 6,000 |
Santos de Guápiles F.C. | Guápiles, Limón | Ebal Rodríguez | 3,000 |
Deportivo Saprissa | San Juan de Tibás, San José | Ricardo Saprissa | 23,112 |
La U Universitarios | Desamparados, San José | "Cuty" Monge | 5,500 |
A.D. San Carlos | Ciudad Quesada, Alajuela | Carlos Ugalde Álvarez | 5,600 |
A.D.R. Jicaral | Jicaral, Puntarenas | Luis "Chochi" Briceño | 1,500 |
Champions
Performance by club
Player records
Top scorers
Rank | Name | Goals | |
1 | Julian Chavarria | 321 | - |
1 | Víctor Núñez | 244 | |
2 | Errol Daniels | 196 | |
3 | Roy Sáenz | 168 | |
4 | Leonel Hernández | 164 | |
5 | Guillermo Guardia | 149 | |
6 | Evaristo Coronado | 148 | |
7 | Alejandro Alpízar | 147 | |
8 | Erick Scott | 144 | |
9 | Juan Ulloa | 140 | |
10 | Vicente Wanchope | 133 |
Most appearances
Rank | Name | Years | Apps | |
1 | Marvin Obando | 1979–2000 | 685 | |
2 | Julio Fuller | 1975–1994 | 684 | |
3 | Enrique Díaz | 1977–1996 | 676 | |
4 | Danny Fonseca | 1999–2018 | 652 | |
5 | Luis Diego Arnáez | 1987–2005 | 579 | |
6 | Mauricio Montero | 1980–1990 | 556 | |
7 | Wílmer López | 1992–2009 | 550 | |
8 | Óscar Ramírez | 1983–1999 | 546 | |
9 | Evaristo Coronado | 1981–1995 | 536 | |
10 | Luis Quirós | 1986–2000 | 531 |