In November 1973, the Construction Development Corporation of the Philippines secured a government contract for the Manila–Cavite Coastal Road and Reclamation Project. The project to extend Roxas Boulevard south to Cavite province required reclamation of foreshore lands in Parañaque and Las Piñas. Construction of the 6.6 km-long coastal road started during the term of Philippine presidentFerdinand Marcos and was completed and opened to traffic in September 1985. The island was formed during construction with plans to expand the island and continue reclamation of the coastal area from Bay City to Las Piñas following Philippine Reclamation Authority's masterplan for the Southern Reclamation Project. The islands were proclaimed as a Critical Habitat by the Philippine government through Presidential Proclamation No. 1412 on 22 April 2007. It covered 175 hectares covering the two interconnected islands where important bird habitats such as mangroves, beach forests, lagoons, and mudflats are found. It was listed as a Ramsar wetland of international importance on 15 March 2013. Upon the enactment of the Republic Act No. 11038 on 22 June 2018, the LPPCHEA was legislated as a National Protected Area covering 181 hectares. On February 12, 2019, approximately 22 Manila Bayland reclamation projects were announced by the government, sparking criticism. Among those to be affected by the Chinese-led reclamation projects is the Las Piñas–Parañaque Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area.
Geography
The Las Piñas–Parañaque Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area are composed of two primary islands; Freedom Island and Long Island. The area is covered with mangroves, ponds and lagoons, mudflats, salt marshes, and mixed beach forests. The entire LPPCHEA covers an area of ; about of which are by tidal mudflats, and of which are by its mangrove forest.
Freedom Island
Freedom Island located in the northern portion of the LPPCHEA in Parañaque is an artificial island formed between 1973 and 1985 during the construction of the Manila–Cavite Coastal Road. Freedom Island covers an area of about with an elevation of between 0 and 7 meters above sea level. It is a barrier island located across from the Manila–Cavite Expressway just south of another reclaimed site called Asiaworld City, a residential waterfront community that is part of the bigger Bay City development. The island runs along the coast from barangayLa Huerta at its north end near the mouth of Parañaque River into barangay San Dionisio right at the border with Las Piñas. A narrow landfill connects its southern tip to the mainland and Long Island near the expressway toll barrier. Freedom Island consists primarily of loam and dredged material pulled from the bay and nearby lands.
Long Island
Long Island and another smaller island also formed by land reclamation are situated south of Freedom Island and is under the jurisdiction of the city of Las Piñas.
Fauna
The LPPCHEA contains a mangrove forest and swamps providing a habitat for many migratory bird species which devises the East Asian–Australasian Migratory Flyway. There are at least 41 recorded migratory birds coming from as far as China, Japan, and Siberia in the protected area. The migration season is every August to April and there could be 5,000 individual birds daily. Among these birds are the Little Egret, Black-Crowned Night Heron, and the Common Moorhen. Among the endemic species in the area is the Philippine Duck. The LPPCHEA is the only known breeding ground for the ducks in Metro Manila. During the low tide, small invertebrates and macrobenthic species are exposed to the air which are consumed by birds and other small animals in the area. The area is also a spawning ground, nursery and sanctuary for fishes.
Flora
The LPPCHEA hosts one of the few remaining mangrove forests in Metro Manila. There are 11 mangrove species in the area. These are locally known as the Bungalon, Bakauan Babae, Bakauan Bato, Pototan, Kolasi, Pagatpat, Banalo, Tabigi, Saging-saging, Buta-buta and Nilad. Nilad is a species introduced to the area by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources-National Capital Region. Only a select few salt-tolerant species of herbs, grasses, and shrubs grow in the LPPCHEA's salt marshes due to the high saline content in the area's soil.
