Kosmos 1


Kosmos 1, also known as DS-2 No.1 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 11 was a technology demonstration and ionospheric research satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1962. It was the first satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system, and the first spacecraft launched as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme to successfully reach orbit.

Spacecraft

Its primary missions were to measure the performance of its carrier rocket, and to conduct research into the ionosphere. It had a mass of 315 kg.

Mission

It was launched on Kosmos-2I 63S1 s/n 6LK. It was the third flight of the Kosmos-2I, and the first to successfully reach orbit. It was also the first Kosmos rocket of any type to successfully place a satellite into orbit. The launch was conducted from Mayak-2 at Kapustin Yar, and occurred at 11:59:00 GMT on 16 March 1962. Kosmos 1 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of, an apogee of, an inclination of 49.0°, and an orbital period of 93.1 minutes. It decayed on 25 May 1962.
Kosmos 1 was a DS-2 satellite, the first of two to be launched. The second, DS-2 No.2, will be launched on 1 December 1964, but did not reach orbit after the payload fairing of the rocket carrying it failed to separate. The DS-2 was a scaled-down version of the earlier DS-1 satellite, without the cylindrical section for avionics, which was built after the first two DS-1 spacecraft failed, DS-1 No.1 on 27 October 1961, and DS-1 No.2 on 21 December 1961, to reach orbit.