Khwaja Khurshid Anwar


Khwaja Khurshid Anwar was a filmmaker, writer, director and music composer who gained tremendous popularity both in India and Pakistan. He is widely credited as being one of the most original and inventive music directors of his generation. He was the Programme Producer at, All India Radio or Akashvani, Delhi in 1939.

Early life

Khwaja Khurshid Anwar was born on 21 March 1912 in Mianwali, Punjab where his maternal grandfather Khan Bahadur Dr.Sheikh Atta Mohammad was serving as civil surgeon. His father Khwaja Ferozuddin Ahmad was a well-known Barrister settled in Lahore, Pakistan. The ace jurist had a love for music so much so that he had a huge collection of gramophone records of Indian classical and neo-classical music and his precocious son had an unhindered access to them all. Moreover, in the weekly music performances held in the lawyer's home, renowned music masters used to perform, and it was here that the young Khurshid Anwar developed a taste for classical music. Considering Khrshid Anwar's keen interest, Khansahib Tawakkal Hussain agreed to take him as his disciple and train him in 1934.
Khurshid Anwar was also a brilliant student at Government College, Lahore, the renowned seat of learning at that time. Having topped in the master's degree in Philosophy in, he appeared in the examination for Indian Civil Service but due to his political and anti-British Raj activities, the British colonial masters did not like his activities. He was also absent from the prize-distribution ceremony of the Punjab University held to honour the students with distinctions. When his name was called to receive the Gold Medal in Philosophy, nobody turned up. The British Chancellor of the University who was awarding medals remarked that the student having forgotten to receive the medal, is a true philosopher.

Career in India

In 1939, Khurshid Anwar joined AIR All India Radio or, Delhi as Programme Producer. It was from here that he acceded to the requests of Abdur Rashid Kardar, the renowned film producer, to join Bombay film world as a music director. He made his debut as a music director in Kardar's Punjabi venture "Kurmai". His first Hindi film was "Ishara", Yateem, Aaj Aur Kal, Pagdandi, and Parwaana which was the last movie in which K. L. Saigal acted and sang in.
For "Singaar" he got the Clare Award for Best Music Director. His later films "Nishaana" and "Neelam Pari" added new feathers to his cap. He remained an inspiration to many later day music directors in both India and Pakistan. For many years, renowned Indian film music director Roshan was a disciple of his, as was Shankar of Shankar Jaikishan fame. He was regularly praised by his contemporary Indian film music director Naushad Ali, who considered him to be one of the finest film composers in the subcontinent.

Career in Pakistan

Khurshid Anwar migrated to Pakistan in 1952. It was, in fact, his arrival in a newly independent country where the nation was waiting to express itself in arts, especially in music. And it was here in 1956 that Khurshid Anwar enhanced Pakistani film music's identity through his first film Intezar. The film also gave a new lease of life to Noor Jehan, his lead singer for many years to come. After "Intezar", Khurshid Anwar continued with his stylistic creations in films such as, Mirza Sahiban, Zehre Ishq, Jhoomer, Koel, Ayaz, Ghunghat, Haveli Chingari, Sarhad, Hamraz, Guddo, Heer Ranjha , Salam E Mohabat, Parai Aag, Shireen Farhad, Haider Ali and finally Mirza Jat.

Filmography

Writer

Music director in Pakistani films

Some of his musical gems

Khurshid Anwar died on 30 October 1984 in Lahore after a protracted illness. In recognition of his contribution in enrichment of film music, the Bollywood film industry awarded him the coveted Mortal-Men-Immortal-Melodies Award. Great Urdu poet of 20th century, Faiz Ahmad Faiz was a lifelong friend of Khurshid Anwar. During an interview, in reply to a query of Anwar Maqsood, Faiz acknowledged that he was inspired by Khurshid Anwar.
He has also been praised for his efforts to keep alive classical music not only through his compositions but also through his unique collection of classical music performances recorded by EMI Pakistan, known as Aahang-e-Khusravi in two parts in 1978. Raag Mala has ten audio cassettes that include 90 Raags in ten Thaths. Each Raag has a short introduction in the voice of Khurshid Anwar explaining the characteristics of the Raag followed by its audio performance by renowned classical singers of Pakistan. The second part of Aahang-e-Khusravi is Gharanon Ki Gaiyki on 20 audio cassettes which consists of audio recordings of representatives of the main Gharanas of classical singers in Pakistan. In recognition of his services for the cause of music, he was awarded the coveted Sitara-e-Imtiaz award by the Government of Pakistan in 1980. His activity in 1976 was to pay tributes to a historical music legend Amir Khusro on the occasion of this music innovator's 700th Birth Anniversary Celebrations in Pakistan. The above-mentioned music recordings by EMI Pakistan and the accompanying book on the history of music by Khurshid Anwar were all part of those celebrations.

Awards and recognition