Khvalynsk


Khvalynsk is a river port town in Saratov Oblast, Russia, located by the Volga River. Population: 16,000.

Etymology

Its name is derived from the name "Khwalis" for the inhabitants of Khwarezm.

History

It was founded in 1556 as a Russian outpost on the Sosnovy Island on the Volga. In 1606, the whole settlement was relocated to the spot of today's Khvalynsk and came to be known as Sosnovy Ostrov. In 1780, the settlement was granted uyezd town status and renamed Khvalynsk.
In the 18th–19th centuries, Khvalynsk was known as a local center for trading bread and agricultural produce. It was also one of the centers of the Old Believers. Some scholars believe that Khvalynsk was used by Nikolai Gogol as a setting for his play The Government Inspector.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Khvalynsk serves as the administrative center of Khvalynsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated separately as Khvalynsk Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, Khvalynsk Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction, together with two rural localities in Khvalynsky District, is incorporated within Khvalynsky Municipal District as Khvalynsk Urban Settlement.

Notable people and culture

Khvalynsk is the birthplace of the artist Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, whose museum was established in the town in 1995.

Archaeology

The Khvalynsk culture is named after Khvalynsk.

Archaeogenetics

A November 2015 study published in Nature included an analysis of three Eneolithic males buried at Khvalynsk between 5200 BC and 4000 BC. They were found to be carrying R1b1a and H2a1, R1a1 and U5a1i, and Q1a and a subclade of U4, respectively.