Kalanga language


Kalanga, or TjiKalanga, is a Bantu language spoken by the Kalanga people in Botswana and Zimbabwe. It has an extensive phoneme inventory, which includes palatalised, velarised, aspirated and breathy-voiced consonants, as well as whistled sibilants.
Kalanga is recognised as an official language by the Zimbabwean Constitution of 2013 and is taught in schools in areas where its speakers predominate.

Classification and varieties

Linguists place Kalanga and Nambya as the western branch of the Shona group group of languages, collectively coded as S.10. But the term Shona is used in popular parlance only to refer to the Central Shona varieties, so speakers of Kalanga prefer not to identify with the term Shona.
Kalanga has a dialectal variation between its Botswana and Zimbabwean varieties and they use slightly different orthographies. Historically, Wentzel mentioned Kalanga proper in the east and Lilima on the west, as well as varieties that are now rare or extinct: Nyai, Lemba, Lembethu, Twamamba, Pfumbi, Jaunda, and †Romwe, †Peri, †Talahundra.

Phonology

Consonants

Kalanga has a typical five-vowel system:
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