João Silva (photographer)


João Silva is a Portuguese-born South African war photographer.
He is the last working member of the Bang-Bang Club, a group of photographers who covered South Africa from the time of Nelson Mandela's release to the first elections in 1994. Silva has worked in Africa, the Balkans, Central Asia, Russia, and the Middle East. On 23October 2010, Silva stepped on a land mine while on patrol with US soldiers in Kandahar, Afghanistan and lost his left leg below the knee, and his right leg from just above it.
After recovery and receiving two prostheses Silva's first assignment out of Walter Reed Army Medical Center for The New York Times was at the White House.
, Silva is working as staff photographer for The New York Times in Africa.

Early life

Silva was born in Lisbon, Portugal. He came to South Africa when he was nine years old. His parents immigrated from Portuguese Mozambique to South Africa, because of the war in the colony. Silva was sent to stay with his godfather to Portugal for a year. After his parents re-settled in Vereeniging, south of Johannesburg, Silva came on an immigrant visa to South Africa. Studying at a local high school, he decided to drop out, saying the school had nothing more to teach him, as he told his parents.
Silva gave up his other jobs, bought a second-hand camera and studied black-and-white photography at a vocational night school. At the end of 1989, he moved to Johannesburg and established himself as photographer.

Career start

Silva began working as freelancer for the Johannesburg Herald in 1990. Beside his jobs for the Alberton Record in 1991, taking pictures from car–crashes and Rotary meetings, he went in the conflict zones of Thokoza and Soweto. There he shot his first pictures of the killings in the Hostels Wars. Some weeks later he went with a portfolio of his best pictures to the Reuters office in Johannesburg and persuading them to let him "submit pictures on spec". Silva realized soon that he could not make two jobs at the same time. He left the paper and worked from then on full-time as a freelancer for Reuters. His next step was to go with a new portfolio to The Star. The first editor was not interested, but Ken Oosterbroek did see the pictures too and that was the start for Silva to "string" for the Sunday Star. He was now selling pictures to Reuters and The Star. Oosterbroek worked for The Star, and was appointed as chief photographer in August 1991. He soon hired Silva as staff photographer for The Star. Nine months after coming to Johannesburg, Silva was established as a conflict photographer.

Silva and the Bang-Bang Club

In 1991, Oosterbroek and Silva worked at The Star. Kevin Carter did know Oosterbroek from 1984 on. Greg Marinovich met Silva in March 1991 but did know Carter and Oosterbroek before 1984 on.

Silva and Carter in Sudan

Invitation by UN Operation Lifeline Sudan

In March 1993, Robert Hadley, a former photographer and at this time the information officer for the UN Operation Lifeline Sudan, offered Joao Silva and Kevin Carter to come to the Sudan and report about the 1993 famine in South Sudan. Silva did see this as a change to work more as war-photographer in the future. He started the arrangements and secured assignments for the expenses of the travel. Silva told Carter about the offer and Carter was also interested in going. To pay for the travel expenses, Carter secured some money from the Associated Press and others, but he also needed to borrow money from Marinovich, for commitments back at home too. Unknown to Carter and Silva was that all the time the UN Operation Lifeline Sudan did have "great difficulties in securing funding for Sudan", explains Marinovich. Marinovich wrote further: "The UN hoped to publicize about the famine … Without publicity to show the need, it was difficult for aid organizations to sustain funding". About the political differences and the rebel fighting, "João and Kevin knew none of this – they just wanted to get in and shoot pictures".

Waiting in Nairobi

Silva and Carter had prepared carefully for the trip. They flew to Nairobi to get from there to Sudan. The new fighting in Sudan forced them to wait in Nairobi for an unspecified period of time. In between, Carter managed to fly with the UN for one day to Juba in the south Sudan to take photos of a barge, used as a route for food aid for the region. But soon the situation changed again. The UN received permission from a rebel group to fly food aid to Ayod. Also Rob Hadley flying on a UN light plane invited Silva and Carter to accompany him to Ayod.

In Ayod

The following day, they arrived on a light plane to the tiny hamlet of Ayod. The cargo plane landed shortly thereafter. The villagers were already waiting next to the runway to get food, wrote Marinovich, and "the mother had joined waiting for food leaving her children on the sandy ground nearby." Silva and Carter separated to shoot pictures of children and the people, the living and dead victims of the hunger catastrophe that had arisen through the war. Carter went several times to Silva to tell him about the shocking situation he had just photographed. Witnessing the famine touched his emotions very strongly. Silva was searching for rebel soldiers who could take him to someone in authority. He found some soldiers and Carter joined him. The soldiers did not speak English, but one was interested in Carter's wrist watch. Carter gave him his cheap wrist watch as a gift. The soldiers were their bodyguards and followed them for their protection.
To stay a week with the rebels they needed the permission of a rebel commander. Their plan would take off in an hour and without the permission they had to fly back. Again they separated and Silva went to the clinic complex to ask for the rebel commander. The rebel commander was to find in Kongor, south Sudan he was told. That was good news for Silva, "their small UN plane was heading there next". He left the clinic and went back to the runway, taking on his way pictures of children and people. It was then that "he came across a child lying on his face in the hot sun – and he took a picture".

Prize-winning "vulture and the little girl" photograph in Sudan

Carter saw Silva on the runway, coming fast toward him and saying:
Silva asked him where he shot the picture and was looking around to take the photo too. Carter pointed to a place away. Then Carter told him that he had been chasing the vulture away. He was completely shocked by the situation he had just photographed. He said to Silva "I see all this, and all I can think of is Megan". He lit a cigarette and became more and more emotional by the minute. "I can't wait to hug her when I get home." A few minutes later they got into the small UN plane and left Ayod for Kongor.

Conflict and war photographer

On 23October 2010, Silva stepped on a land mine while on patrol with US soldiers in Kandahar, Afghanistan and lost his left leg below the knee, and his right leg from just above it.
In 2011 Silva spoke at Bronx Documentary Center in New York about his life as photojournalist. His speech was published in The New York Times and the lens.blogs.nytimes.com. He told the audience: "I don't really use the term 'war photographer' in describing myself... But as a photojournalist, you have a lot more responsibilities than just being at war." He continued: "I'm a historian with a camera, and hopefully my pictures use the medium to capture history, or to tell a story, or to highlight somebody else's suffering. That's ultimately why I continue doing it, and why I want to continue doing it."
Silva spoke in the section "The Human Being Behind the Camera" of that some people think behind the camera is a machine, a photographer without any feelings. He said that he was often asked how it was possible that he could photograph such cruel pictures. His answer was: "If you want to help people, then you should not become a photographer". But he said also, "We help people all the time." To take wounded people in his car to the hospital or to help just with small things was just normal too. But not every time, how Marinovich explained in his Book.
As an example, some pictures are so strong that people are horrified. He mentions the famous picture by Kevin Carter from Sudan. Some people criticized the photographer for taking the picture. Silva says to the criticism:

Back to work

Silva was treated at the Walter Walter Reed Army Medical Center, after The New York Times insisted that he get the best medical attention. After more than eighty operations and rehabilitation training, he was working again as photographer. In between, he took part in a marathon, a year after he stepped on the landmine. He took part in the New York City Marathon on a hand-cranked bike finishing it in 2 hours 38 minutes. In December 2011, he returned home in Johannesburg, South Africa, as a staff member of The New York Times.
After returning to South Africa, Silva bought a Harley-Davidson XL883L Super Low, motorcycles being part of his passion. Silva had it modified to be able to drive the motorcycle with his prostheses. To test it he went to a racetrack accomplishing fifty laps.

Exhibitions

Work from Silva's first 20 years as a conflict photographer was first displayed at the 25th annual Visa pour l'Image international photojournalism festival in Perpignan, France. Later his images were included in an exhibition in New York, Munich, Milan and Johannesburg.
;Group exhibitions
;Solo exhibition
Silva lives in Johannesburg, South Africa with his wife Vivian and their two children.

Published works