The Japan Chess Association was the governing chess organization in Japan and was affiliated to FIDE. However, having never been registered as a non-profit organization or any other kind of juridical entity in Japan, it is considered a personal business of its representative. In order to participate in the 2006 and 2010 Asian Games chess competitions, it temporarily joined the Japanese Olympic Committee as an associate member but later withdrew. Similarly, it joined the Japan Anti-Doping Agency but later withdrew. Since the passing of former president Yasuji Matsumoto in January 2003, the post of president has been vacant. Besides, JCA has no vice-president, board of directors, or auditors. Miyoko Watai is the self-appointed "acting president", although in principle that title cannot be used officially anymore since the previous president's terms of office have long ago expired. As described further below, JCA has been repeatedly criticized due to its lack of financial transparence, as well as behaviour contradicting the regulations of its parent federation, FIDE. In January 2019, the replaced JCA as the governing chess organization in Japan.
History and overview
History：
* Established in 1967 as the Japan Tournament Chess Association.
* In October 1968 it became the 75th member of FIDE, and was then renamed Japan Chess Association. The first president was Akira Komatsu.
* In 1972 Komatsu resigned from presidency.
* Yasuji Matsumoto became acting president in 1974, and president in 1977.
* In January 2003, Matsumoto suddenly died. Following JCA regulations, general secretary Miyoko Watai became acting president for the remaining term.
* In January 2007 four years had elapsed since the passing of Matsumoto, but Watai has remained as self-styled "acting president" until today.
Headquarters location: Nishi-Kamata 7-7-7-504, Ota Ward, Tokyo.
Chess Centre: a chess club and store run by JCA for many years in a studio apartment in Ikegami, Ota Ward. It closed down in January 2018.
JCA publishes a newsletter for members, Chesu Tsushin.
Number of members: unknown. Detailed numbers have never been published.
World ranking: 93rd.
It has participated in the biennial Chess Olympiad since its accession to FIDE. In 2010 it took the 96th place, in 2012 the 123rd place, in 2014 the 73rd place, and in 2016 the 68th place. Initially it was also represented in the qualifiers for the individual World Chess Championship, but participation frequency declined and since 2009 no player from Japan has competed in those qualifiers. Besides FIDE events, it has also sent players to events such as the World Mind Sports Games.
Despite being a FIDE member for over 50 years, as of 2018 JCA is still eligible to support from FIDE's Development Commission, being rated Level 3 along with primarily developing countries.
There has been no elections since the passing of former president Matsumoto. Since JCA is not a juridical person it is not subject to auditing, and it refuses to disclose financial information to its members. JCA regulations state that "JCA shall entrust business involving financial risks to KK Japan Chess Association Business Division " In addition, in order for members to participate in the administration, it is necessary first to form a regional club federation and then appoint a representative to a board meeting. However, members of the board meeting are required to keep a confidentiality agreement and therefore regular members cannot get hold of any financial information concerning JCA. JCA resells a variety of chess products. Although JCA claims to offer “special prices for members” as one of the perks of membership, almost all products are offered at above market rates, with some products costing up to double the price charged elsewhere. In addition, the only books in the "Recommended for Beginners" section are two books authored by Miyoko Watai.
Problems concerning statutes and regulations
The FIDE Laws of chess, article 8.3 states that "the scoresheets are the property of the organiser of the competition", implying the paper used to score the game is property of the organiser. In JCA's Japanese translation, however, that article is translated as "the scoresheets, as well as its recorded contents, are the property of the organiser of the competition" . This goes against the chess tradition of considering chess scores as public domain once published. In case a member publishes an opinion or proposal concerning JCA using the internet, that in itself is considered grounds for automatically rejecting the proposal. In addition, such a member can be subject to penalties. JCA requires players competing in international events to cover the expenses of JCA's so-called "officers".
Recent administration
In 2013, major organization mishaps occurred in the Japan Championship, in the Women's Championship and in the Japan League.
