Jacques Defermon des Chapelieres


Jacques Defermon des Chapelieres was a French statesman during the French Revolution and a supporter of Napoleon Bonaparte and the French Empire.
In some sources his baptismal names are given as Jacques, Joseph ; his surname also spelled as Fermon or Fermond. He can also be referred to as comte Defermon, comte de l'Empire from 23 March 1808.

Biography

Born in Basse-Chapelière, near Maumusson, in what would become the Department of Loire-Atlantique, he was educated at the Collège de Châtillon, in Châteaubriant, before studying law at Rennes. He became a lawyer in the Parlement of Rennes in 1782.

French Revolution

Defermon was elected as a representative of the Third Estate of Rennes to the Estates General and proceeded to become a deputy of the National Assembly from 1789 to 1791. He served as President of the National Assembly 19–30 July 1791, a vital period of time following the Flight to Varennes. During the tenure of the Legislative Assembly he served as president of the Criminal Tribunal of Rennes.
Elected to the Convention as a deputy for the département of Ille-et-Vilaine. He was President of the Convention 13–27 December 1792, during much of the debates surrounding the question of the Trial of Louis XVI. He would be exiled as a regicide following the Restoration.
Defermon supported the Girondists and signed a petition against their exclusion from the Convention by the Montagnards. For acting against the ascendent faction he was declared "traître à la patrie", and eventually was forced to go into hiding to escape the arrest decreed by the Convention.

Thermidor and The Directory

Defermon returned to exercising his duties as deputy in December 1794 as supporters of the Girondists are rehabilitated by an increasingly conservative Convention. He was elected a member of the Committee of Public Safety and served from 4 May 1795 to 1 September 1795). He was elected to the Corps législatif by the Département of Ille-et-Vilaine and subsequently selected to sit in the Council of Five Hundred. He retired from the legislature upon his appointment as a commissioner of the National Treasury.

Consulate, Empire, and Restoration

Defermon supported the Coup of 18 Brumaire of Napoleon Bonaparte and was appointed a member of the Tribunat and counselor of state. He chaired the department of finance, was appointed intendant général, and named minister of state. Napoleon awarded him the title of comte Defermon, comte de l'Empire.
During the Cent Jours, was elected a deputy of the Chamber of Representatives from Ille-et-Vilaine. Banished as a regicide, he lived in Brussels before returning to France. He died in Paris in 1831 at age 78.