Integralismo Lusitano
Integralismo Lusitano was a Portuguese integralist political movement founded in Coimbra in 1914 that advocated traditionalism but not conservatism. It was against parliamentarism but favoured decentralization, national syndicalism, the Roman Catholic Church and the monarchy. It was especially active during the Portuguese First Republic. Lusitanian Integralism is a variant of integralism that evolved in Portugal; the term "Lusitania" is derived from the Latin term for Portugal.
It initially supportef the last king of Portugal, Manuel II, but it refused to back him after 1920 after the attempts to restore the monarchy initiated in Monsanto Forest Park, Lisbon, and during the Monarchy of the North. Instead, it supported Manuel's cousin, Miguel of Braganza.
Integralismo Lusitano's notable members included António Sardinha, Alberto de Monsaraz, José Adriano Pequito Rebelo, José Hipólito Vaz Raposo, João Ameal, Leão Ramos Ascensão, Luís de Almeida Braga, and Francisco Rolão Preto. Preto later asserted himself as leader of the National Syndicalists, and he became an opponent of António de Oliveira Salazar and the Estado Novo regime.
The leadership remained active in 1917–1918, when it supported the leadership of Sidónio Pais, but it also backed the Ditadura Nacional, established after the 28 May 1926 coup d'état.
When Manuel II died without heirs in 1932, the movement rallied all monarchists behind the descendants of Miguel, who had been exiled after the Liberal Wars.
