ISO 3166-1

ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization, and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country codes. It defines three sets of country codes:

ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 – two-letter country codes which are the most widely used of the three, and used most prominently for the Internet's country code top-level domains.
ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 – three-letter country codes which allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the alpha-2 codes.
ISO 3166-1 numeric – three-digit country codes which are identical to those developed and maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division, with the advantage of script independence, and hence useful for people or systems using non-Latin scripts.

The alphabetic country codes were first included in ISO 3166 in 1974, and the numeric country codes were first included in 1981. The country codes have been published as ISO 3166-1 since 1997, when ISO 3166 was expanded into three parts, with ISO 3166-2 defining codes for subdivisions and ISO 3166-3 defining codes for former countries.
As a widely used international standard, ISO 3166-1 is implemented in other standards and used by international organizations to allow facilitation of the exchange of goods and information. However, it is not the only standard for country codes. Other country codes used by many international organizations are partly or totally incompatible with ISO 3166-1, although some of them closely correspond to ISO 3166-1 codes.

Criteria for inclusion

Currently 249 countries, territories, or areas of geographical interest are assigned official codes in ISO 3166-1. According to the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency, the only way to enter a new country name into ISO 3166-1 is to have it registered in one of the following two sources:

United Nations Terminology Bulletin Country Names, or
Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use of the UN Statistics Division.

To be listed in the bulletin Country Names, a country must be at least one of the following:

A member state of the United Nations
A member of one of its specialized agencies
A party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice

The list of names in Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use of the UN Statistics Division is based on the bulletin Country Names and other UN sources.
Once a country name or territory name appears in either of these two sources, it will be added to ISO 3166-1 by default.
The ISO 3166/MA may [|reserve code elements] for other entities that do not qualify for inclusion based on the above criteria. For example, because the European Union is not a country, it is not formally included in ISO 3166-1, but for practical reasons, the ISO 3166/MA has "reserved the two-letter combination for the purpose of identifying the European Union within the framework of ISO 3166-1".

Information included

ISO 3166-1 is published officially in both English and French. Since the second edition of ISO 3166-1, the following columns are included for each entry:

Country Name – English short name
English short name lower case
English full name
Alpha-2 code
Alpha-3 code
Numeric code
Remarks
Independent
Additional information: Administrative language alpha-2 code element
Additional information: Administrative language alpha-3 code element
Additional information: Local short name
Naming and code construction

Naming and disputes

The country names used in ISO 3166-1 are taken from the two UN sources mentioned above. Some country names used by the UN, and accordingly by ISO, are subject to dispute:

Short name upper case in ISO 3166	Short name lower case in ISO 3166	Listed as independent in ISO 3166	Local short name	Language	Disputes	Links to ISO 3166-2 with details
CHINA	China		Zhongguo	Chinese	Disputed sovereignty
CYPRUS	Cyprus		Kýpros Kıbrıs	Greek Turkish	Disputed sovereignty
FALKLAND ISLANDS	Falkland Islands		Falkland Islands	English	Disputed sovereignty and naming
PALESTINE, STATE OF	Palestine, State of		Dawlat Filasţīn	Arabic	Disputed sovereignty
TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA	Taiwan		Taiwan	Chinese	Disputed sovereignty and naming
WESTERN SAHARA	Western Sahara		Aş Şaḩrā' al Gharbīyah	Arabic	Disputed sovereignty

Coding

The codes are chosen, according to the ISO 3166/MA, "to reflect the significant, unique component of the country name in order to allow a visual association between country name and country code". For this reason, common components of country names like "Republic", "Kingdom", "United", "Federal" or "Democratic" are normally not used for deriving the code elements. As a consequence, for example, the United Kingdom is officially assigned the alpha-2 code rather than, based on its official name "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". Some codes are chosen based on the native names of the countries. For example, Germany is assigned the alpha-2 code, based on its native name "Deutschland".

Current codes

Officially assigned code elements

The following is a complete ISO 3166-1 encoding list of the countries which are assigned official codes. It is listed in alphabetical order by the country's English short name used by the ISO 3166/MA.
Note: Each country's alpha-2 code is linked to more information about the assignment of its code elements.

English short name	Alpha-2 code	Alpha-3 code	Numeric code	Link to ISO 3166-2 subdivision codes	Independent
Afghanistan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AF\|
	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AX\|
Albania	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AL\|
Algeria	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#DZ\|
American Samoa	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AS\|
Andorra	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AD\|
Angola	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AO\|
Anguilla	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AI\|
Antarctica	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AQ\|
Antigua and Barbuda	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AG\|
Argentina	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AR\|
Armenia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AM\|
Aruba	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AW\|
Australia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AU\|
Austria	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AT\|
Azerbaijan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AZ\|
Bahamas	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BS\|
Bahrain	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BH\|
Bangladesh	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BD\|
Barbados	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BB\|
Belarus	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BY\|
Belgium	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BE\|
Belize	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BZ\|
Benin	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BJ\|
Bermuda	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BM\|
Bhutan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BT\|
Bolivia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BO\|
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BQ\|
Bosnia and Herzegovina	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BA\|
Botswana	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BW\|
Bouvet Island	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BV\|
Brazil	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BR\|
British Indian Ocean Territory	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IO\|
Brunei Darussalam	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BN\|
Bulgaria	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BG\|
Burkina Faso	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BF\|
Burundi	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BI\|
Cabo Verde	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CV\|
Cambodia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KH\|
Cameroon	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CM\|
Canada	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CA\|
Cayman Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KY\|
Central African Republic	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CF\|
Chad	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TD\|
Chile	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CL\|
China	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CN\|
Christmas Island	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CX\|
Cocos Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CC\|
Colombia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CO\|
Comoros	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KM\|
Congo	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CG\|
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CD\|
Cook Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CK\|
Costa Rica	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CR\|
	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CI\|
Croatia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#HR\|
Cuba	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CU\|
	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CW\|
Cyprus	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CY\|
Czechia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CZ\|
Denmark	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#DK\|
Djibouti	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#DJ\|
Dominica	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#DM\|
Dominican Republic	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#DO\|
Ecuador	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#EC\|
Egypt	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#EG\|
El Salvador	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SV\|
Equatorial Guinea	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GQ\|
Eritrea	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ER\|
Estonia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#EE\|
Eswatini	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SZ\|
Ethiopia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ET\|
Falkland Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#FK\|
Faroe Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#FO\|
Fiji	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#FJ\|
Finland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#FI\|
France	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#FR\|
French Guiana	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GF\|
French Polynesia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PF\|
French Southern Territories	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TF\|
Gabon	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GA\|
Gambia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GM\|
Georgia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GE\|
Germany	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#DE\|
Ghana	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GH\|
Gibraltar	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GI\|
Greece	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GR\|
Greenland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GL\|
Grenada	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GD\|
Guadeloupe	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GP\|
Guam	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GU\|
Guatemala	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GT\|
Guernsey	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GG\|
Guinea	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GN\|
Guinea-Bissau	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GW\|
Guyana	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GY\|
Haiti	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#HT\|
Heard Island and McDonald Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#HM\|
Holy See	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VA\|
Honduras	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#HN\|
Hong Kong	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#HK\|
Hungary	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#HU\|
Iceland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IS\|
India	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IN\|
Indonesia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ID\|
Iran	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IR\|
Iraq	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IQ\|
Ireland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IE\|
Isle of Man	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IM\|
Israel	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IL\|
Italy	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#IT\|
Jamaica	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#JM\|
Japan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#JP\|
Jersey	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#JE\|
Jordan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#JO\|
Kazakhstan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KZ\|
Kenya	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KE\|
Kiribati	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KI\|
Korea	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KP\|
Korea, Republic of	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KR\|
Kuwait	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KW\|
Kyrgyzstan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KG\|
Lao People's Democratic Republic	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LA\|
Latvia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LV\|
Lebanon	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LB\|
Lesotho	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LS\|
Liberia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LR\|
Libya	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LY\|
Liechtenstein	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LI\|
Lithuania	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LT\|
Luxembourg	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LU\|
Macao	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MO\|
Madagascar	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MG\|
Malawi	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MW\|
Malaysia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MY\|
Maldives	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MV\|
Mali	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ML\|
Malta	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MT\|
Marshall Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MH\|
Martinique	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MQ\|
Mauritania	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MR\|
Mauritius	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MU\|
Mayotte	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#YT\|
Mexico	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MX\|
Micronesia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#FM\|
Moldova, Republic of	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MD\|
Monaco	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MC\|
Mongolia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MN\|
Montenegro	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ME\|
Montserrat	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MS\|
Morocco	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MA\|
Mozambique	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MZ\|
Myanmar	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MM\|
Namibia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NA\|
Nauru	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NR\|
Nepal	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NP\|
Netherlands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NL\|
New Caledonia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NC\|
New Zealand	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NZ\|
Nicaragua	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NI\|
Niger	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NE\|
Nigeria	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NG\|
Niue	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NU\|
Norfolk Island	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NF\|
North Macedonia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MK\|
Northern Mariana Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MP\|
Norway	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#NO\|
Oman	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#OM\|
Pakistan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PK\|
Palau	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PW\|
Palestine, State of	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PS\|
Panama	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PA\|
Papua New Guinea	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PG\|
Paraguay	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PY\|
Peru	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PE\|
Philippines	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PH\|
Pitcairn	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PN\|
Poland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PL\|
Portugal	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PT\|
Puerto Rico	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PR\|
Qatar	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#QA\|
	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#RE\|
Romania	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#RO\|
Russian Federation	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#RU\|
Rwanda	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#RW\|
	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#BL\|
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SH\|
Saint Kitts and Nevis	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#KN\|
Saint Lucia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LC\|
Saint Martin	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#MF\|
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#PM\|
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VC\|
Samoa	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#WS\|
San Marino	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SM\|
Sao Tome and Principe	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ST\|
Saudi Arabia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SA\|
Senegal	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SN\|
Serbia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#RS\|
Seychelles	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SC\|
Sierra Leone	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SL\|
Singapore	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SG\|
Sint Maarten	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SX\|
Slovakia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SK\|
Slovenia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SI\|
Solomon Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SB\|
Somalia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SO\|
South Africa	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ZA\|
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GS\|
South Sudan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SS\|
Spain	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ES\|
Sri Lanka	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#LK\|
Sudan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SD\|
Suriname	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SR\|
Svalbard and Jan Mayen	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SJ\|
Sweden	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SE\|
Switzerland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#CH\|
Syrian Arab Republic	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#SY\|
Taiwan, Province of China	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TW\|
Tajikistan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TJ\|
Tanzania, United Republic of	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TZ\|
Thailand	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TH\|
Timor-Leste	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TL\|
Togo	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TG\|
Tokelau	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TK\|
Tonga	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TO\|
Trinidad and Tobago	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TT\|
Tunisia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TN\|
Turkey	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TR\|
Turkmenistan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TM\|
Turks and Caicos Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TC\|
Tuvalu	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#TV\|
Uganda	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#UG\|
Ukraine	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#UA\|
United Arab Emirates	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#AE\|
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#GB\|
United States of America	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#US\|
United States Minor Outlying Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#UM\|
Uruguay	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#UY\|
Uzbekistan	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#UZ\|
Vanuatu	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VU\|
Venezuela	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VE\|
Viet Nam	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VN\|
Virgin Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VG\|
Virgin Islands	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#VI\|
Wallis and Futuna	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#WF\|
Western Sahara	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#EH\|
Yemen	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#YE\|
Zambia	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ZM\|
Zimbabwe	ISO 3166-1 alpha-2#ZW\|

Reserved and user-assigned code elements

Besides the officially assigned codes, code elements may be expanded by using either [|reserved] codes or user-assigned codes.
Reserved code elements are codes which have become obsolete, or are required in order to enable a particular user application of the standard but do not qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1. To avoid transitional application problems and to aid users who require specific additional code elements for the functioning of their coding systems, the ISO 3166/MA, when justified, reserves these codes which it undertakes not to use for other than specified purposes during a limited or indeterminate period of time. Codes are usually reserved for former countries, overseas territories, international organizations, and special nationality status. The reserved alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes can be divided into the following four categories :

Alpha-2: exceptional reservations, transitional reservations, indeterminate reservations, and codes currently agreed not to use
Alpha-3: exceptional reservations, transitional reservations, indeterminate reservations, and codes currently agreed not to use
Numeric: no reserved codes

User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries, territories, or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1, and the ISO 3166/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard. The following codes can be user-assigned:

Alpha-2:, to, to, and
Alpha-3: to, to, to, and to
Numeric: to
Changes

The ISO 3166/MA updates ISO 3166-1 when necessary. A country is usually assigned new ISO 3166-1 codes if it changes its name or its territorial boundaries. In general, new alphabetic codes are assigned if a country changes a significant part of its name, while a new numeric code is assigned if a country changes its territorial boundaries. Codes for formerly used country names that were deleted from ISO 3166-1 are published in ISO 3166-3.
ISO used to announce changes in newsletters which updated the currently valid standard, and releasing new editions which comprise a consolidation of newsletter changes. As of July 2013, changes are published in the online catalogue of ISO only, and no newsletters are published anymore. Past newsletters remain available through the search option on the ISO website.

Edition/Newsletter	Date issued	Contents
	1974	First edition of ISO 3166
	1981	Second edition of ISO 3166
	1988-08-15	Third edition of ISO 3166
	1994-02-10	Fourth edition of ISO 3166
		First edition of ISO 3166-1
		Change of official name '
		Inclusion of new country name and code elements '
		Change of alpha-3 Code Element '
		Name changes '
		Change of names and alphabetical code elements of East Timor
		Change of names of East Timor
		Change of official name of Comoros
		Deletion of "Yugoslavia"; inclusion of "Serbia and Montenegro" with new alphabetical code elements
		Inclusion of an entry for Åland Islands
		Name changes '
		Inclusion of an entry for Jersey, Guernsey and Isle of Man. Change of remark for the United Kingdom
		Inclusion of the new entries for "Serbia" and "Montenegro" '
		Second edition of ISO 3166-1
		First Technical Corrigendum to ISO 3166-1:2006
		Assignment of code elements for Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin and update of France and other French Territories '
		Name changes for Moldova, Montenegro and other minor corrections '
		Name change for Nepal and other minor corrections '
		Name change for the Republic of Moldova and other minor corrections '
		Name change for Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and other minor corrections '
		Name change for Plurinational State of Bolivia
		Name change for Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
		Code elements for Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten, update of other territories ' and minor corrections '
	'	Name changes for Fiji and Myanmar as well as other minor corrections '
		Code elements for South Sudan '
		Name change for Libya
		Name change for Hungary and other minor corrections '
		Name change for Eritrea and other minor corrections '
		Name change for State of Palestine and other minor corrections , Seychelles, Sint Maarten
		Name change for Papua New Guinea
		Name change for Somalia
		Third edition of ISO 3166-1

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